WNS (Holdings) Limited
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, DC 20549
FORM 20-F
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REGISTRATION STATEMENT PURSUANT TO SECTION 12(b) OR 12(g) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
OR
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ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the fiscal year ended March 31, 2010
OR
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TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
For the transition period from to
OR
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SHELL COMPANY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934 |
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Date of event requiring this shell company report |
Commission file number 001-32945
WNS (Holdings) Limited
(Exact Name of Registrant as Specified in Its Charter)
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Not Applicable
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Jersey, Channel Islands |
(Translation of Registrants Name Into English)
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(Jurisdiction of Incorporation or Organization) |
Gate 4, Godrej & Boyce Complex
Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli(W)
Mumbai 400 079, India
(91-22) 4095-2100
(Address and Telephone Number of Principal Executive Offices)
Vikas Gupta
General Counsel
Gate 4, Godrej & Boyce Complex
Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli(W)
Mumbai 400 079, India
(91-22) 4095-2100
vikas.gupta@wns.com
(Name, Telephone, E-mail and/or Facsimile number and Address of Company Contact Person)
Securities registered or to
be registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:
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Title of Each Class
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Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered |
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American Depositary Shares, each represented by
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The New York Stock Exchange |
one Ordinary Share, par value 10 pence per share |
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Securities registered or to be registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act:
None
(Title of Class)
Securities for which there is a reporting obligation pursuant to Section 15(d) of the Act
None
(Title of Class)
Indicate the number of outstanding shares of each of the issuers classes of capital or common
stock as of the close of the period covered by the annual report.
As
of March 31, 2010, 43,743,953 ordinary shares, par value 10 pence per share, were issued
and outstanding, of which 21,235,382 ordinary shares were held in the
form of 21,235,382 American
Depositary Shares, or ADSs. Each ADS represents one ordinary share.
Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule
405 of the Securities Act.
Yes o No
þ
If this report is an annual or transition report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is
not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
1934.
Yes o No
þ
Note Checking the box above will not relieve any registrant required to file reports
pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 from their obligations under
those Sections.
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant: (1) has filed all reports required to be filed
by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or
for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been
subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.
Yes þ No
o
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its
corporate Website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant
to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for
such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
Yes o No
o
Indicate by
check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer,
or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of accelerated filer and large accelerated filer
in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
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Large accelerated filer o | |
Accelerated filer þ | |
Non-accelerated filer o |
Indicate by check mark which basis of accounting the registrant has used to prepare the
financial statements included in this filing:
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U.S. GAAP þ
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International Financial Reporting Standards as issued
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Other o |
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by the International Accounting Standards Board o |
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If Other has been checked in response to the previous question, indicate by check mark which
financial statement item the registrant has elected to follow:
Item 17 o Item 18
o
If this report is an annual report, indicate by check mark if the registrant is a shell
company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).
Yes o No
þ
TABLE OF CONTENTS
WNS (HOLDINGS) LIMITED
EXPLANATORY NOTE REGARDING RESTATEMENT OF
OUR CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Amounts in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)
This annual report on Form 20-F contains the restatement of our consolidated statements of income,
of equity and comprehensive income and of cash flows for the years ended March 2009 and 2008, and our consolidated balance
sheet as of March 31, 2009 as presented in Item 18. Financial Statements of this annual report,
our selected consolidated statements of income data for the years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007
and 2006, and our selected consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and
2006 as presented in Item 3. Key Information A. Selected Financial Data of this annual report,
and our selected quarterly financial information for each of the first, second and third quarters of the year ended March 31, 2010 and for each of the quarters of the year ended March 31,
2009 as presented in Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Quarterly Results of
this annual report.
On April 22, 2010, we announced that we have, in consultation with our audit committee, concluded
that corrections to our prior accounting treatment for referral fees earned from garages, and
revenue and costs on completed but unbilled repairs, in our Auto Claims BPO segment (our auto
claims business) are required.
As background, we provide our clients (insurance companies) automobile accident management
services, where we arrange for the repairs of damaged cars. We pay the repair center for all
repair services and invoice the client for the amount of the repair. When we direct a vehicle to a
specific repair center, we receive a referral fee from that repair center. In a majority of cases,
the referral fees from repair centers are passed on to the client. In the past, we had recognized
the referral fees from repair centers and the repair payments from clients, net of the amount of
referral fees that are passed back to clients, as revenue, and had recognized the payments to the
repair centers as cost of revenue. We have determined that we should not include the referral fees
from repair centers within revenue, and should instead subtract them from the costs of revenue
for our auto claims business. We had also previously not recognized as revenue the amount of
completed but unbilled repairs due from clients and similarly not recognized the corresponding
costs of these repairs as cost of revenue. We had recorded the repair costs and related revenue
only upon receipt of an invoice from the repair center. We have concluded that we should recognize
as revenue the amount of completed but unbilled repairs due from clients and similarly recognize
the corresponding costs of these repairs as costs of revenue.
As a result of the foregoing, we have restated our previously issued financial statements for the
years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and for the first, second and third quarters of the
year ended March 31, 2010 and each of the quarters of the year ended March 31, 2009. The
restatement adjustments resulted in a cumulative net increase to previously reported equity of approximately $130, $68, $119 and $165 as of March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006,
respectively, and an increase (decrease) in previously reported net income by $104, $(53), $(66) and $(114) for the
years ended March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The restatement also had the effect
of reducing previously reported revenue by $18.4 million, $21.8 million, $6.9 million and $7.4 million and cost of
revenue by $18.5 million, $21.8 million, $6.8 million and $7.2 million for the years ended March
31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The cumulative impact of similar adjustments on
retained earnings related to periods prior to April 1, 2005 amounting to $286 was recorded as a
prior period adjustment in the statement of equity.
Tables setting forth the effects of the restatement adjustments relating to the aforementioned
accounting of referral fees and revenue and cost of completed but unbilled repairs as revenue and
cost of revenue, respectively, on affected line items in our
consolidated statements of income, of
equity and comprehensive income and of cash flows for the years
ended March 31, 2009 and 2008 and consolidated balance sheet as of March 31,
2009 are presented in note 2 to our consolidated financial statements
included elsewhere in this annual report. Tables setting forth the effects of such restatement
adjustments on affected line items in our consolidated statement of income for March 31, 2007 and 2006 and for
each of the first, second and third quarters of the year ended March 31, 2010 and for each
of the quarters of the year ended March 31, 2009 are presented in Item 5. Operating and Financial
Review and Prospects Restatement of our Consolidated Financial Statements of this annual
report.
All financial information contained in this annual report on Form 20-F gives effect to the
restatement of our consolidated financial statements as described above. We have not amended, and
we do not intend to amend, our previously filed annual reports on Form 20-F or our quarterly
financial statements contained in current reports on Form 6-K previously furnished to the US
Securities and Exchange Commission, or the Commission, for each of the fiscal years and fiscal
quarters of the first nine months of fiscal 2010 and from fiscal 2009 through fiscal 2006.
Financial information included in reports previously filed or furnished by us for periods from
April 1, 2005 through December 31, 2009 should not be relied upon and are superseded by the
information in this annual report on Form 20-F.
For more information on the matters that have caused us to restate our financial statements and
data previously reported, see Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Restatement
of our Consolidated Financial Statements of this annual report and note 2 to our consolidated
financial statements included in Item 18. Financial Statements of this annual report. We have
identified a material weakness in our internal control over financial reporting. As a result, management has concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures and
internal control over financial reporting were not effective as of March 31, 2010. A description of
that material weakness, as well as our plan to remediate that material weakness, is more fully
discussed in Item 15. Controls and Procedures.
Page 1
CONVENTIONS USED IN THIS ANNUAL REPORT
In this annual report, references to US are to the United States of America, its territories and
its possessions. References to UK are to the United Kingdom. References to India are to the
Republic of India. References to $ or dollars or US dollars are to the legal currency of the
US and references to Rs. or rupees or Indian rupees are to the legal currency of India.
References to pound sterling or £ are to the legal currency of the UK. References to pence
are to the legal currency of Jersey, Channel Islands. Our financial statements are presented in US
dollars and are prepared in accordance with US generally accepted accounting principles, or US
GAAP. References to a particular fiscal year are to our fiscal year ended March 31 of that year.
Any discrepancies in any table between totals and sums of the amounts listed are due to rounding.
Names of our clients are listed in alphabetical order in this annual report, unless otherwise
stated.
In this annual report, unless otherwise specified or the context requires, the term WNS refers to
WNS (Holdings) Limited, a public company incorporated under the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands,
and the terms our company, we, our and us refer to WNS (Holdings) Limited and its
subsidiaries.
We also refer in various places within this annual report to revenue less repair payments, which
is a non-GAAP measure that is calculated as revenue less payments to automobile repair centers and
more fully explained in Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects. The presentation of
this non-GAAP information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our
financial results prepared in accordance with US GAAP.
We also refer to information regarding the business process outsourcing, or BPO, industry, our
company and our competitors from market research reports, analyst reports and other publicly
available sources. Although we believe that this information is reliable, we have not independently
verified the accuracy and completeness of the information. We caution you not to place undue
reliance on this data.
SPECIAL NOTE REGARDING FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS
This annual report contains forward-looking statements that are based on our current
expectations, assumptions, estimates and projections about our company and our industry. The
forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties. Generally, these
forward-looking statements can be identified by the use of forward-looking terminology such as
anticipate, believe, estimate, expect, intend, will, project, seek, should and
similar expressions. Those statements include, among other things, the discussions of our business
strategy and expectations concerning our market position, future operations, margins,
profitability, liquidity and capital resources. We caution you that reliance on any forward-looking
statement involves risks and uncertainties, and that although we believe that the assumptions on
which our forward-looking statements are based are reasonable, any of those assumptions could prove
to be inaccurate, and, as a result, the forward-looking statements based on those assumptions could
be materially incorrect. These risks and uncertainties include but are not limited to:
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worldwide economic and business conditions; |
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political or economic instability in the jurisdictions where we have operations; |
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regulatory, legislative and judicial developments; |
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our ability to attract and retain clients |
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technological innovation; |
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telecommunications or technology disruptions; |
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future regulatory actions and conditions in our operating areas; |
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our dependence on a limited number of clients in a limited number of industries; |
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the implications of the accounting changes and restatement of our financial statements described in Explanatory
Note Regarding our Consolidated Financial Statements for our reporting with the Commission, and any adverse developments
in existing legal proceedings or the initiation of new legal proceedings; |
Page 2
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our ability to expand our business or effectively manage growth; |
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our ability to hire and retain enough sufficiently trained employees to support our
operations; |
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negative public reaction in the US or the UK to offshore outsourcing; |
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increasing competition in the BPO industry; |
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our ability to successfully grow our revenue, expand our service offerings and market share
and achieve accretive benefits from our acquisition of Aviva Global Services Singapore Pte.
Ltd., or Aviva Global (which we have renamed as WNS Customer
Solutions (Singapore) Private Limited, or WNS Global Singapore following
our acquisition) and our master services agreement with Aviva Global
Services (Management Services) Private Limited, or AVIVA MS, as described below; |
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our ability to successfully consummate strategic acquisitions; and |
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volatility of our ADS price. |
These and other factors are more fully discussed in Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors,
Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects and elsewhere in this annual report. In
light of these and other uncertainties, you should not conclude that we will necessarily achieve
any plans, objectives or projected financial results referred to in any of the forward-looking
statements. Except as required by law, we do not undertake to release revisions of any of these
forward-looking statements to reflect future events or circumstances.
PART I
ITEM 1. IDENTITY OF DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND ADVISERS
Not applicable.
ITEM 2. OFFER STATISTICS AND EXPECTED TIMETABLE
Not applicable.
ITEM 3. KEY INFORMATION
A. Selected Financial Data
The financial data presented below has been adjusted to reflect the restatement of our consolidated
financial results as more fully described in Explanatory Note Regarding Restatement of our
Consolidated Financial Statements in the front of this annual report and in note 2 to our
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. The selected
consolidated statement of income data presented below for fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, and the
selected consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2010 and 2009, have been derived from our
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report. The selected
consolidated statements of income data presented below for fiscal 2009 and 2008 and the
consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2009 have been restated in connection with the
restatements discussed in note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in
this annual report. The selected consolidated statement of income data presented below for fiscal
2007 and 2006 and the selected consolidated balance sheet data as of March 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006
have been restated below as discussed in the Explanatory Note in the front of this annual report.
Our consolidated financial statements are prepared and presented in accordance with US GAAP. Our
historical results do not necessarily indicate our results expected for any future period.
Effective
April 1, 2007, our company adopted the provisions of Accounting Standards Codification, or ASC 740
Income Taxes related to accounting for uncertain tax
positions (Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No.
48) and recognized a $1.3 million increase in liabilities for
unrecognized tax obligations related to tax positions taken in prior
periods with a corresponding reduction in retained earnings.
You should read the following information in conjunction with Item 5. Operating and Financial
Review and Prospects, and our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual
report.
We have not amended, and we do not intend to amend, our previously filed annual reports on Form
20-F or our quarterly financials statements contained in current reports on Form 6-K previously
furnished to the Commission for each of the fiscal years and fiscal quarters of the first nine
months of fiscal 2010 and from fiscal 2009 through fiscal 2006. Financial information included in
reports previously filed or furnished by us for periods from April 1, 2005 through December
31, 2009 should not be relied upon and are superseded by the information in this annual report.
Page 3
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For the Year Ended March 31, |
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2010 |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(US dollars in millions, except share and per share data) |
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Consolidated Statement of Income Data: |
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Revenue |
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$ |
582.5 |
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$ |
520.9 |
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$ |
438.0 |
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$ |
345.4 |
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$ |
195.5 |
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Cost of revenue(1) |
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439.3 |
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391.8 |
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341.5 |
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264.4 |
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138.5 |
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Gross profit |
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$ |
143.2 |
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$ |
129.1 |
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$ |
96.5 |
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$ |
81.0 |
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$ |
57.0 |
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Operating expenses: |
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Selling, general and
administrative
expenses
(1) |
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$ |
86.2 |
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$ |
75.5 |
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$ |
72.7 |
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$ |
52.5 |
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$ |
36.3 |
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Amortization of intangible
assets |
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32.4 |
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24.9 |
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2.9 |
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1.9 |
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0.9 |
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Impairment of goodwill,
intangibles and other
assets (2) |
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15.5 |
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Operating income |
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24.6 |
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28.7 |
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5.4 |
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26.6 |
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19.8 |
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Other expense (income), net |
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7.1 |
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5.6 |
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(9.2 |
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(2.5 |
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(0.5 |
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Interest expense |
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13.8 |
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11.8 |
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0.1 |
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0.4 |
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Income before income taxes |
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3.7 |
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11.3 |
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14.6 |
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29.0 |
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19.9 |
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Provision for income taxes |
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1.0 |
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3.4 |
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5.2 |
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2.5 |
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1.7 |
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Net income |
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$ |
2.7 |
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$ |
7.9 |
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$ |
9.4 |
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$ |
26.5 |
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$ |
18.2 |
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Less: Net loss
attributable to redeemable noncontrolling
interest |
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(1.0 |
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(0.3 |
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Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
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3.7 |
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8.2 |
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9.4 |
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26.5 |
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18.2 |
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Earnings per share of
ordinary share |
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Basic |
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$ |
0.09 |
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$ |
0.19 |
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$ |
0.22 |
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$ |
0.69 |
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$ |
0.55 |
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Diluted |
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$ |
0.08 |
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$ |
0.19 |
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$ |
0.22 |
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$ |
0.64 |
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$ |
0.52 |
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Basic weighted average
ordinary shares outstanding |
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43,093,316 |
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42,520,404 |
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42,070,206 |
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38,608,188 |
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32,874,299 |
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Diluted weighted average
ordinary shares outstanding |
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44,174,128 |
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43,108,599 |
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42,945,028 |
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41,120,497 |
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35,029,766 |
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Page 4
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As of March 31, |
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2010 |
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2009 |
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2008 |
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2007 |
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2006 |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(Restated) |
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(US dollars in millions) |
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Consolidated Balance Sheet Data: |
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Assets |
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Cash and cash equivalents |
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$ |
32.3 |
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$ |
38.9 |
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$ |
102.7 |
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$ |
112.3 |
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$ |
18.5 |
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Bank deposits and marketable securities |
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0.0 |
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8.9 |
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8.1 |
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12.0 |
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Accounts receivable, net |
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85.7 |
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71.2 |
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58.6 |
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52.4 |
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31.1 |
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Other current assets(3) |
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58.9 |
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54.4 |
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23.4 |
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18.5 |
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10.8 |
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Total current assets |
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176.9 |
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173.4 |
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192.8 |
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195.2 |
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60.4 |
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Goodwill and
intangible assets, net |
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278.7 |
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299.1 |
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96.9 |
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44.4 |
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42.5 |
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Property, plant and equipment, net |
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51.7 |
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56.0 |
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50.8 |
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41.8 |
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30.6 |
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Deposits and
deferred tax assets |
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|
32.3 |
|
|
|
21.9 |
|
|
|
15.4 |
|
|
|
6.2 |
|
|
|
4.3 |
|
Other assets |
|
|
10.3 |
|
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
|
1.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total assets |
|
|
549.9 |
|
|
|
561.8 |
|
|
|
357.2 |
|
|
|
287.6 |
|
|
|
137.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Current portion of long term debt |
|
|
40.0 |
|
|
|
45.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Accrual for earn-out payment |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
33.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other current liabilities(4) |
|
|
133.9 |
|
|
|
132.5 |
|
|
|
88.8 |
|
|
|
75.1 |
|
|
|
56.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total current liabilities |
|
|
173.9 |
|
|
|
177.5 |
|
|
|
122.5 |
|
|
|
75.1 |
|
|
|
56.2 |
|
Long term debt |
|
|
95.0 |
|
|
|
155.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Other non-current liabilities(5) |
|
|
27.1 |
|
|
|
41.2 |
|
|
|
7.5 |
|
|
|
6.9 |
|
|
|
3.3 |
|
Redeemable noncontrolling interest |
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total WNS (Holdings) Limited shareholders
equity |
|
|
253.6 |
|
|
|
188.1 |
|
|
|
227.2 |
|
|
|
205.6 |
|
|
|
78.3 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total liabilities, redeemable noncontrolling interest and equity |
|
$ |
549.9 |
|
|
$ |
561.8 |
|
|
$ |
357.2 |
|
|
$ |
287.6 |
|
|
$ |
137.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Page 5
The following tables set forth for the periods indicated selected consolidated financial data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(US dollars in millions, except percentages and employee data) |
Other Consolidated Financial Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
582.5 |
|
|
$ |
520.9 |
|
|
$ |
438.0 |
|
|
$ |
345.4 |
|
|
$ |
195.5 |
|
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue |
|
|
24.6 |
% |
|
|
24.8 |
% |
|
|
22.0 |
% |
|
|
23.5 |
% |
|
|
29.1 |
% |
Operating income as a percentage of
revenue |
|
|
4.2 |
% |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
7.7 |
% |
|
|
10.1 |
% |
Other Unaudited Consolidated Financial and
Operating Data: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue less repair payments(6) |
|
$ |
390.5 |
|
|
$ |
385.0 |
|
|
$ |
290.6 |
|
|
$ |
219.6 |
|
|
$ |
147.8 |
|
Gross profit as a percentage of revenue less
repair payments |
|
|
36.7 |
% |
|
|
33.5 |
% |
|
|
33.2 |
% |
|
|
36.9 |
% |
|
|
38.5 |
% |
Operating income as a percentage of
revenue less repair payments |
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
7.4 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
|
|
12.1 |
% |
|
|
13.3 |
% |
|
Number of employees (at period end) |
|
|
21,958 |
|
|
|
21,356 |
|
|
|
18,104 |
|
|
|
15,084 |
|
|
|
10,433 |
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Includes the following share-based compensation amounts: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2007 |
|
2006 |
|
|
(US dollars in millions) |
Cost of revenue |
|
$ |
3.7 |
|
|
$ |
3.6 |
|
|
$ |
2.4 |
|
|
$ |
1.0 |
|
|
$ |
0.1 |
|
Selling, general and administrative expenses |
|
|
11.4 |
|
|
|
9.8 |
|
|
|
4.4 |
|
|
|
2.7 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
|
(2) |
|
In fiscal 2008, we recorded an impairment charge of
$9.1 million on goodwill and $6.4 million on intangible
assets acquired in the purchase of Trinity Partners
Inc., or Trinity Partners. |
|
(3) |
|
Consists of funds held for clients, employee
receivables, prepaid expenses, prepaid income taxes,
deferred tax assets and other current assets. |
|
(4) |
|
Consists of obligations under accounts payable, short
term line of credit, accrued employee cost, deferred
revenue, income taxes payable, deferred tax liabilities
and other current liabilities. |
|
(5) |
|
Consists of non-current portion of derivative
contracts, capital leases, deferred revenue, deferred
tax liabilities, other liabilities and accrued pension
liability. |
|
(6) |
|
Revenue less repair payments is a non-GAAP measure. See
the explanation below, as well as Item 5. Operating
and Financial Review and Prospects Overview and
notes to our consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this annual report. The following table
reconciles our revenue (a GAAP measure) to revenue less
repair payments (a non-GAAP measure): |
Page 6
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
2010 |
|
|
2009 |
|
|
2008 |
|
|
2007 |
|
|
2006 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Restated) |
|
|
|
(US dollars in millions) |
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
582.5 |
|
|
$ |
520.9 |
|
|
$ |
438.0 |
|
|
$ |
345.4 |
|
|
$ |
195.5 |
|
Less: Payments to repair centers |
|
|
192.0 |
|
|
|
135.9 |
|
|
|
147.4 |
|
|
|
125.8 |
|
|
|
47.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue less repair payments |
|
$ |
390.5 |
|
|
$ |
385.0 |
|
|
$ |
290.6 |
|
|
$ |
219.6 |
|
|
$ |
147.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
We have two reportable segments for financial statement reporting purposes WNS Global BPO
and WNS Auto Claims BPO. In our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment, we provide both fault and
non-fault repairs. For fault repairs, we provide claims handling and accident management
services, where we arrange for automobile repairs through a network of third party repair centers.
In our accident management services, we act as the principal in our dealings with the third party
repair centers and our clients. The amounts we invoice to our clients for payments made by us to
third party repair centers is reported as revenue. Since we wholly subcontract the repairs to the
repair centers, we evaluate our financial performance based on revenue less repair payments to
third party repair centers which is a non-GAAP measure. We believe that revenue less repair
payments for fault repairs reflects more accurately the value addition of the business process
outsourcing services that we directly provide to our clients. For non-fault repairs, revenue
including repair payments is used as a primary measure to allocate resources and measure operating
performance. As we provide a consolidated suite of accident management services including credit
hire and credit repair for our non-fault repairs business, we believe that measurement of that
line of business has to be on a basis that includes repair payments in revenue.
Revenue less repair payments is a non-GAAP measure which is calculated as revenue less payments to
repair centers. We believe that the presentation of this non-GAAP measure in this annual report
provides useful information for investors regarding the financial performance of our business and
our two reportable segments. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Results by
Reportable Segment. The presentation of this non-GAAP information is not meant to be considered in
isolation or as a substitute for our financial results prepared in accordance with US GAAP. Our
revenue less repair payments may not be comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other
companies due to potential differences in the method of calculation.
B. Capitalization and Indebtedness
Not Applicable
C. Reason for the Offer and the Use of Proceeds
Not Applicable
D. Risk Factors
This annual report contains forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. Our
actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in these forward-looking statements
as a result of a number of factors, including those described in the following risk factors and
elsewhere in this annual report. If any of the following risks actually occur, our business,
financial condition and results of operations could suffer and the trading price of our ADSs could
decline.
Risks Related to Our Business
The global economic conditions have been challenging and have had, and continue to have, an adverse
effect on the financial markets and the economy in general, which has had, and may continue to
have, a material adverse effect on our business, our financial performance and the prices of our
equity shares and ADSs.
In the United States, Europe and Asia, market and economic conditions have been challenging with
tighter credit conditions during fiscal 2010 and continuing into fiscal 2011. In fiscal 2010 and
continuing into fiscal 2011, continued
concerns about the systemic impact of inflation, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the
availability and cost of credit, the mortgage market and a declining real estate market have
contributed to increased market volatility and diminished expectations for the economy globally.
These conditions, combined with volatile oil prices, declining business and consumer confidence and
increased unemployment have, in fiscal 2010 and continuing into fiscal 2011, contributed to extreme
volatility.
Page 7
These economic conditions may affect our business in a number of ways. The general level of
economic activity, such as decreases in business and consumer spending, could result in a decrease
in demand for our services, thus reducing our revenue. The cost and availability of credit has been
and may continue to be adversely affected by illiquid credit markets and wider credit spreads.
Continued turbulence in the US and international markets and economies may adversely affect our
liquidity and financial condition, and the liquidity and financial condition of our customers. If
these market conditions continue, they may limit our ability to access financing or increase our
cost of financing to meet liquidity needs, and affect the ability of our customers to use credit to
purchase our services or to make timely payments to us, resulting in adverse effects on our
financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, a weakening of the rate of exchange for
the US dollar or the pound sterling (in which our revenue is principally denominated) against the
Indian rupee (in which a significant portion of our costs are denominated) also adversely affects
our results. Fluctuations between the pound sterling or the Indian rupee and the US dollar also
expose us to translation risk when transactions denominated in pound sterling or Indian rupees are
translated to US dollars, our reporting currency. For example, the average pound sterling/US dollar
exchange rate for fiscal 2010 depreciated 7.2% as compared to the average exchange rate for fiscal
2009 which adversely impacted our results of operations.
Uncertainty about current global economic conditions could also continue to increase the volatility
of our share price. We cannot predict the timing or duration of the economic slowdown or the timing
or strength of a subsequent economic recovery generally or in our targeted industries, including
the travel and insurance industry. If macroeconomic conditions worsens or the current global
economic condition continues for a prolonged period of time, we are not able to predict the impact
such worsening conditions will have on our targeted industries in general, and our results of
operations specifically.
A few major clients account for a significant portion of our revenue and any loss of business from
these clients could reduce our revenue and significantly harm our business.
We have derived and believe that we will continue to derive in the near term a significant portion
of our revenue from a limited number of large clients. In fiscal 2010 and 2009, our five largest
clients accounted for 53.0% and 53.4% of our revenue and 45.1% and 46.3% of our revenue less repair
payments, respectively. In fiscal 2010, our three largest clients individually accounted for 15.5%,
13.4% and 12.6%, respectively, of our revenue as compared to 15.5%,
15.3% and 11.0%, respectively,
in fiscal 2009. In fiscal 2010, our largest client, AVIVA, individually accounted for 23.1% of
our revenue less repair payments compared to 21.0% in fiscal 2009.
First Magnus Financial Corporation, or FMFC, a US mortgage lender, was one of our major clients
from November 2005 to August 2007. FMFC was a major client of Trinity Partners which we acquired in
November 2005 from the First Magnus Group. In August 2007, FMFC filed a voluntary petition for
relief under Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code. In fiscal 2007, FMFC accounted for 4.3% of our
revenue and 6.8% of our revenue less repair payments. The loss of revenue from FMFC materially
reduced our revenue in fiscal 2008.
Our prior
contracts with another major client, Aviva International Holdings
Limited, or AVIVA, provided Aviva Global, which was AVIVAs business process offshoring subsidiary,
options to require us to transfer the relevant projects and operations of our facilities at Sri
Lanka and Pune to Aviva Global . On January 1, 2007, Aviva Global exercised its call option
requiring us to transfer the Sri Lanka facility to Aviva Global effective July 2, 2007. Effective
July 2, 2007, we transferred the Sri Lanka facility to Aviva Global and we lost the revenue
generated by the Sri Lanka facility. For the period from April 1, 2007 through July 2, 2007, the
Sri Lanka facility contributed $2.0 million of revenue and in fiscal 2007, it accounted for 1.9% of
our revenue and 3.0% of our revenue less repair payments. We may, in the future, enter into
contracts with other clients with similar call options that may result in the loss of revenue that
may have a material impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash
flows, particularly during the quarter in which the option takes effect.
We have, through our acquisition of Aviva Global in July 2008, resumed control of the Sri Lanka
facility and we have continued to retain ownership of the Pune facility. We expect these facilities
to continue to generate revenue for us under the AVIVA master services agreement. Further, through
our acquisition of Aviva Global, we also acquired three facilities in Bangalore, Chennai and Pune.
We expect revenue from AVIVA under the AVIVA master services agreement to account for a significant
portion of our revenue. We therefore expect our dependence on AVIVA to
continue for the foreseeable future. The AVIVA master services agreement provides for a committed
amount of revenue. However, notwithstanding the minimum revenue commitment, there are also
terminations at will provisions which permit AVIVA to terminate the agreement without cause with
180 days notice upon payment of a termination fee. These termination provisions dilute the impact
of the minimum revenue commitment.
In addition, the volume of work performed for specific clients is likely to vary from year to year,
particularly since we may not be the exclusive outside service provider for our clients. Thus, a
major client in one year may not provide the same level of revenue in any subsequent year. The loss
of some or all of the business of any large client could have a material adverse effect on our
business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows. A number of factors
other than our performance could cause the loss of or reduction in business or revenue from a client, and
these factors are not predictable.
Page 8
For example, a client may demand price reductions, change its
outsourcing strategy or move work in-house. A client may also be acquired by a company with a
different outsourcing strategy that intends to switch to another business process outsourcing
service provider or return work in-house.
If we fail to maintain an effective system of internal control over financial reporting, we may not
be able to accurately report our financial results or prevent or detect fraud. As a result, current
and potential investors could lose confidence in our financial reporting, which could harm our
business and have an adverse effect on our stock price.
Effective internal control over financial reporting is necessary for us to provide reliable
financial reports, and together with adequate disclosure controls and procedures, are designed to
prevent or detect fraud. Deficiencies in our internal controls may adversely affect our
managements ability to record, process, summarize, and report financial data on a timely basis. As
a public company, we are required by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 to include a
report of managements assessment on our internal control over financial reporting and an auditors
attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting in our annual report on Form 20-F.
Based on its evaluation, management has concluded that as of March 31, 2010, our companys disclosure controls and procedures and internal
control over financial reporting was not effective due to a material weakness identified in the
design and operating effectiveness of our internal controls over the recognition and accrual of
repair payments to garages and the related fees in our Auto Claims BPO segment. In order to
remediate the identified material weakness, we intend to augment our existing US GAAP expertise and
strengthen our monitoring controls and documentation for the revenue recognition process in our
Auto Claims BPO segment. We cannot assure you that the measures that we intend to implement or any
additional measures that we may implement will be successful in remediating the material weakness
identified.
It is
possible that in the future, material weaknesses could be identified in our internal controls over
financial reporting and we could be required to further
implement remedial measures. If we fail to maintain effective disclosure controls and procedures or internal control over financial
reporting, we could lose investor confidence in the accuracy
and completeness of our financial reports, which could have a material adverse effect on our stock
price.
We may be unable to effectively manage our rapid growth and maintain effective internal controls,
which could have a material adverse effect on our operations, results of operations and financial
condition.
Since we were founded in April 1996, and especially since Warburg Pincus & Co., or Warburg Pincus,
acquired a controlling stake in our company in May 2002, we have experienced rapid growth and
significantly expanded our operations. Our revenue has grown at a compound annual growth rate of
15.3% to $582.5 million in fiscal 2010 from $438.0 million in fiscal 2008. Our revenue less repair
payments has grown at a compound annual growth rate of 15.9% to $390.5 million in fiscal 2010 from
$290.6 million in fiscal 2008. Our employees have increased to 21,958 as of March 31, 2010 from
18,104 as of March 31, 2008. Our majority owned subsidiary, WNS Philippines Inc., established a
delivery center in the Philippines in April 2008, which it expanded in fiscal 2010. Additionally,
in fiscal 2010, we established a new delivery center in Costa Rica and streamlined our operations
by consolidating our production capacities in various delivery centers in Bangalore, Mumbai and
Pune. We now have delivery centers in six locations in India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, the UK, Romania and Costa Rica. In fiscal 2011, we intend to establish additional delivery centers, as well
as continue to streamline our operations by further consolidating production capacities in our
delivery centers.
We have also completed numerous acquisitions. For example, in July 2008, we entered into a
transaction with AVIVA consisting of (1) a share sale and
purchase agreement pursuant to which we acquired from AVIVA all the shares of Aviva Global and (2)
a master services agreement with AVIVA MS, or the AVIVA master services agreement, pursuant to
which we are providing BPO services to AVIVAs UK and Canadian
businesses. Aviva Global was the business process offshoring subsidiary of AVIVA. Through our
acquisition of Aviva Global , we also acquired three facilities in Bangalore, Chennai and Sri Lanka
in July 2008, and one facility in Pune in August 2008. See Part II Managements Discussion and
Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Revenue Our Contracts for more
details on this transaction.
This rapid growth places significant demands on our management and operational resources. In order
to manage growth effectively, we must implement and improve operational systems, procedures and
internal controls on a timely basis. If we fail to implement these systems, procedures and controls
on a timely basis, we may not be able to service our clients needs, hire and retain new employees,
pursue new business, complete future acquisitions or operate our business effectively. Failure to
effectively transfer new client business to our delivery centers, properly budget transfer costs or
accurately estimate operational costs associated with new contracts could result in delays in
executing client contracts,
Page 9
trigger service level penalties or cause our profit margins not to meet
our expectations or our historical profit margins. As a result of any of these problems associated
with expansion, our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows could be
materially and adversely affected.
Our revenue is highly dependent on clients concentrated in a few industries, as well as clients
located primarily in Europe and the United States. Economic slowdowns or factors that affect these
industries or the economic environment in Europe or the United States could reduce our revenue and
seriously harm our business.
A substantial portion of our clients are concentrated in the banking, financial services and
insurance, or BFSI, industry, and the travel and leisure industry. In fiscal 2010 and 2009, 65.4%
and 62.6% of our revenue, respectively, and 48.4% and 49.5% of our revenue less repair payments,
respectively, were derived from clients in the BFSI industry. During the same periods, clients in
the travel and leisure industry contributed 16.3% and 19.6% of our revenue, respectively, and 24.3%
and 26.5% of our revenue less repair payments, respectively. Our business and growth largely depend
on continued demand for our services from clients in these industries and other industries that we
may target in the future, as well as on trends in these industries to outsource business processes.
Since the second half of fiscal 2009, there has been a significant slowdown in the growth of the
global economy accompanied by a significant reduction in consumer and business spending worldwide.
Certain of our targeted industries are especially vulnerable to the crisis in the financial and
credit markets or to the economic downturn. A downturn in any of our targeted industries,
particularly the BFSI or travel and leisure industries, a slowdown or reversal of the trend to
outsource business processes in any of these industries or the introduction of regulation which
restricts or discourages companies from outsourcing could result in a decrease in the demand for
our services and adversely affect our results of operations. For example, as a result of the
mortgage market crisis, in August 2007, FMFC, a US mortgage services client, filed a voluntary
petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the US Bankruptcy Code. FMFC was a major client of Trinity
Partners which we acquired in November 2005 from the First Magnus Group and became one of our major
clients. In fiscal 2008 and 2007, FMFC accounted for 1.0% and 4.3% of our revenue, respectively,
and 1.4% and 6.8% of our revenue less repair payments, respectively. The downturn in the mortgage
market could result in a further decrease in the demand for our services and adversely affect our
results of our operations.
Further, since the second half of fiscal 2009, the downturn in worldwide economic and business
conditions has resulted in a few of our clients reducing or postponing their outsourced business
requirements, which have in turn decreased the demand for our services and adversely affected our
results of operations. In particular, our revenue is highly dependent on the economic environment
in Europe and the United States, which continues to be weak. In fiscal 2010 and 2009, 74.9% and
74.7% of our revenue, respectively, and 62.6% and 65.7% of our revenue less repair payments,
respectively, were derived from clients located in Europe. During the same periods, 24.5% and 25.0%
of our revenue, respectively, and 36.5% and 33.9% of our revenue less repair payments,
respectively, were derived from clients located in North America (primarily the United States). Any
further weakening of the European or United States economy will likely have a further adverse
impact on our revenue.
Other developments may also lead to a decline in the demand for our services in these industries.
For example, the crisis in the financial and credit markets in the United States has led to a
significant change in the financial services industry in the United States in recent times, with
the United States federal government taking over or providing financial support to leading
financial institutions and with leading investment banks going bankrupt or being forced to sell
themselves in distressed circumstances. Significant changes in the financial services industry or
any of the other industries on which we focus, or a consolidation in any of these industries or
acquisitions, particularly involving our clients, may decrease the potential number of buyers of
our services. Any significant reduction in or the elimination of the use of the services we provide
within any of these industries would result in reduced revenue and harm our business. Our clients
may experience rapid changes in their prospects, substantial price competition and pressure on
their profitability. Although such pressures can encourage outsourcing as a cost reduction measure,
they may also result in
increasing pressure on us from clients in these key industries to lower our prices which could
negatively affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We may fail to attract and retain enough sufficiently trained employees to support our operations,
as competition for highly skilled personnel is significant and we experience significant employee
attrition. These factors could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and cash flows.
The business process outsourcing industry relies on large numbers of skilled employees, and our
success depends to a significant extent on our ability to attract, hire, train and retain qualified
employees. The business process outsourcing industry, including our company, experiences high
employee attrition. During fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, the attrition rate for our employees who have completed six
months of employment with us was 32%, 31% and 38%, respectively. We cannot assure you that our attrition rate will not
increase. There is significant competition in the jurisdictions wherever we have operation centers,
including India, the Philippines and Sri Lanka, for professionals with the skills necessary to
perform the services we offer to our
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clients. Increased competition for these professionals, in the
business process outsourcing industry or otherwise, could have an adverse effect on us. A
significant increase in the attrition rate among employees with specialized skills could decrease
our operating efficiency and productivity and could lead to a decline in demand for our services.
In addition, our ability to maintain and renew existing engagements and obtain new businesses will
depend, in large part, on our ability to attract, train and retain personnel with skills that
enable us to keep pace with growing demands for outsourcing, evolving industry standards and
changing client preferences. Our failure either to attract, train and retain personnel with the
qualifications necessary to fulfill the needs of our existing and future clients or to assimilate
new employees successfully could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We may not be successful in achieving the expected benefits from our transaction with AVIVA in July
2008, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows. Furthermore, the term loan that we have incurred to fund the transaction
may put a strain on our financial position.
In July 2008, we entered into a transaction with AVIVA consisting of (1) a share sale and purchase
agreement pursuant to which we acquired all the shares of Aviva Global and (2) the AVIVA master
services agreement pursuant to which we are providing BPO services to AVIVAs UK and Canadian
businesses. We completed our acquisition of Aviva Global in July 2008. Aviva Global was the
business process offshoring subsidiary of AVIVA with facilities in Bangalore, India, and Colombo,
Sri Lanka. In addition, through our acquisition of Aviva Global , we also acquired three facilities
in Chennai, Bangalore and Sri Lanka in July 2008, and one facility in Pune in August 2008. The
total consideration (including legal and professional fees) for this transaction with AVIVA
amounted to approximately $249.0 million. We entered into a $200 million term loan facility with
ICICI Bank UK Plc, or the Term Loan, as agent, to fund, together with cash on hand, the
consideration for the transaction. See Part II Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial
Condition and Results of Operations Liquidity and Capital Resources. We cannot assure you that
we will be able to grow our revenue, expand our service offerings and market share, or achieve the
accretive benefits that we expected from our acquisition of Aviva Global and the AVIVA master
services agreement.
Furthermore, the Term Loan may put a strain on our financial position. For example:
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it could increase our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions; |
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it could require us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to
payments on the Term Loan, thereby reducing the availability of our cash flow to fund capital
expenditure, working capital and other general corporate purposes; |
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it requires us to seek lenders consent prior to paying dividends on our ordinary shares; |
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it limits our ability to incur additional borrowings or raise additional financing through
equity or debt instruments; and |
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it imposes certain financial covenants on us which we may not be able to meet and this may
cause the lenders to accelerate the repayment of the balance loan outstanding. |
The international nature of our business exposes us to several risks, such as significant currency
fluctuations and unexpected changes in the regulatory requirements of multiple jurisdictions.
We have operations in India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, the UK, Romania, Costa Rica, the US and
Australia, and we service clients across Europe, North America and Asia. Our corporate structure
also spans multiple jurisdictions, with our parent holding company incorporated in Jersey, Channel
Islands, and intermediate and operating subsidiaries incorporated in India, the Philippines, Sri Lanka, the UK, Mauritius,
Romania, the Philippines, China, the Netherlands, Singapore, the US, Australia and Costa
Rica. As a result, we are exposed to risks typically associated with conducting business
internationally, many of which are beyond our control. These risks include:
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significant currency fluctuations between the US dollar and the pound sterling (in which
our revenue is principally denominated) and the Indian rupee (in which a significant portion
of our costs are denominated); |
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legal uncertainty owing to the overlap of different legal regimes, and problems in
asserting contractual or other rights across international borders; |
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potentially adverse tax consequences, such as scrutiny of transfer pricing arrangements by
authorities in the countries in which we operate; |
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potential tariffs and other trade barriers; |
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unexpected changes in regulatory requirements; |
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the burden and expense of complying with the laws and regulations of various jurisdictions;
and |
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terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war. |
The occurrence of any of these events could have a material adverse effect on our results of
operations and financial condition.
Currency fluctuations among the Indian rupee, the pound sterling and the US dollar could have a
material adverse effect on our results of operations.
Although substantially all of our revenue is denominated in pound sterling or US dollars, a
significant portion of our expenses (other than payments to repair centers, which are primarily
denominated in pound sterling) are incurred and paid in Indian rupees. We report our financial
results in US dollars and our results of operations would be adversely affected if the Indian rupee
appreciates against the US dollar or the pound sterling depreciates against the US dollar. The
exchange rates between the Indian rupee and the US dollar and between the pound sterling and the US
dollar have changed substantially in recent years and may fluctuate substantially in the future.
The
average Indian rupee/US dollar exchange rate was approximately Rs.
47.46 per $1.00 in fiscal 2010, which represented a depreciation of the Indian rupee of 3.0% as
compared with the average exchange rate of approximately Rs. 46.10
per $1.00 in fiscal 2009, which in turn represented a depreciation of the Indian rupee of 14.9% as
compared with the average exchange rate of approximately Rs. 40.13 per $1.00 in fiscal 2008. The average pound sterling/US dollar exchange rate was approximately £0.63
per $1.00 in fiscal 2010, which represented a depreciation of the pound
sterling of 7.2% as compared with the average exchange rate of approximately £0.58 per $1.00 in fiscal 2009, which in turn represented a depreciation of the pound sterling of
14.3% as compared with the average exchange rate of approximately £0.50 per $1.00 in fiscal 2008.
Our results of operations may be adversely affected if the Indian rupee appreciates significantly
against the pound sterling or the US dollar or if the pound sterling depreciates against the US
dollar. We hedge a portion of our foreign currency exposures using options and forward contracts.
We cannot assure you that our hedging strategy will be successful or will mitigate our exposure to
currency risk.
Our business may not develop in ways that we currently anticipate due to negative public reaction
to offshore outsourcing, proposed legislation or otherwise.
We have based our strategy of future growth on certain assumptions regarding our industry, services
and future demand in the market for such services. However, the trend to outsource business
processes may not continue and could reverse. Offshore outsourcing is a politically sensitive topic
in the UK, the US and elsewhere. For example, many organizations
and public figures in the UK and the US have publicly expressed concern about a perceived
association between offshore outsourcing providers and the loss of jobs in their home countries.
Such concerns have led to proposed measures in the United States, including in connection with the
Troubled Asset Relief Program, that are aimed at limiting or restricting outsourcing. There is also
legislation that has been enacted or is pending at the State level in the United States, with
regard to limiting outsourcing. The measures that have been enacted to date are generally directed
at restricting the ability of government agencies to outsource work to offshore business service
providers. These measures have not had a significant effect on our business because governmental
agencies are not a focus of our operations. However, it is possible that legislation could be
adopted that would restrict US private sector companies that have federal or state governmental
contracts from outsourcing their services to offshore service providers or that could have an
adverse impact on the economics of outsourcing for private companies in the US. Such legislation
could have an adverse impact on our business with US clients.
Such concerns have also led the United Kingdom and other European Union, or EU, jurisdictions to
enact regulations which allow employees who are dismissed as a result of transfer of services,
which may include outsourcing to non-UK/EU companies, to seek compensation either from the company
from which they were dismissed or from the company to which the work was transferred. This could
discourage EU companies from outsourcing work offshore and/or could result in increased operating
costs for us.
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In addition, there has been publicity about the negative experiences, such as theft and
misappropriation of sensitive client data, of various companies that use offshore outsourcing,
particularly in India. Current or prospective clients may elect to perform such services themselves
or may be discouraged from transferring these services from onshore to offshore providers to avoid
negative perceptions that may be associated with using an offshore provider. Any slowdown or
reversal of existing industry trends towards offshore outsourcing would seriously harm our ability
to compete effectively with competitors that operate out of facilities located in the UK or the US.
Our senior management team and other key team members in our business units are critical to our
continued success and the loss of such personnel could harm our business.
Our future success substantially depends on the performance of the members of our senior management
team and other key team members in each of our business units. These personnel possess technical
and business capabilities including domain expertise that are difficult to replace. There is
intense competition for experienced senior management and personnel with technical and industry
expertise in the business process outsourcing industry, and we may not be able to retain our key
personnel. Although we have entered into employment contracts with our executive officers, certain
terms of those agreements may not be enforceable and in any event these agreements do not ensure
the continued service of these executive officers. In the event of a loss of any key personnel,
there is no assurance that we will be able to find suitable replacements for our key personnel
within a reasonable time. The loss of key members of our senior management or other key team
members, particularly to competitors, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results
of operations, financial condition and cash flows. A loss of several members of our senior
management at the same time or within a short period may lead to a disruption in the business of
our company, which could materially adversely affect our performance.
Wage increases may prevent us from sustaining our competitive advantage and may reduce our profit
margin.
Salaries and related benefits of our operations staff and other employees in India are among our
most significant costs. Wage costs in India have historically been significantly lower than wage
costs in the US and Europe for comparably skilled professionals, which has been one of our
competitive advantages. However, rapid economic growth in India, increased demand for business
process outsourcing to India, and increased competition for skilled employees in India may reduce
this competitive advantage. In addition, if the US dollar or the pound sterling declines in value
against the Indian rupee, wages in the US or the UK will further decrease relative to wages in
India, which may further reduce our competitive advantage. We may need to increase our levels of
employee compensation more rapidly than in the past to remain competitive in attracting the
quantity and quality of employees that our business requires. Wage increases may reduce our profit
margins and have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and cash flows.
Further, following our acquisitions of Aviva Global, Business Application Associates Limited, or
BizAps, and Chang Limited, our operations in the UK have expanded and our wage costs for employees
located in the UK now represent a larger proportion of our total wage costs. Wage increases in the
UK may therefore also reduce our profit margins and have a material adverse effect on our financial
condition and cash flows.
Our operating results may differ from period to period, which may make it difficult for us to
prepare accurate internal financial forecasts and respond in a timely manner to offset such period
to period fluctuations.
Our operating results may differ significantly from period to period due to factors such as client
losses, variations in the volume of business from clients resulting from changes in our clients
operations, the business decisions of our clients regarding the use of our services, delays or
difficulties in expanding our operational facilities and infrastructure, changes to our pricing
structure or that of our competitors, inaccurate estimates of resources and time required to
complete ongoing projects, currency fluctuation and seasonal changes in the operations of our
clients. For example, our clients in the travel and leisure industry experience seasonal changes in
their operations in connection with the year-end holiday season, as well as episodic factors such
as adverse weather conditions. Transaction volumes can be impacted by market conditions affecting
the travel and insurance industries, including natural disasters, outbreak of infectious diseases
or other serious public health concerns in Asia or elsewhere (such as the outbreak of the Influenza
A (H1N1) virus in various parts of the world) and terrorist attacks. In addition, our contracts do
not generally commit our clients to providing us with a specific volume of business.
In addition, the long sales cycle for our services, which typically ranges from three to 12 months,
and the internal budget and approval processes of our prospective clients make it difficult to
predict the timing of new client engagements. Revenue is recognized upon actual provision of
services and when the criteria for recognition are achieved. Accordingly, the financial benefit of
gaining a new client may be delayed due to delays in the implementation of our services. These
factors may make it difficult for us to prepare accurate internal financial forecasts or replace
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anticipated revenue that we do not receive as a result of those delays. Due to the above factors,
it is possible that in some future quarters our operating results may be significantly below the
expectations of the public market, analysts and investors.
Employee strikes and other labor-related disruptions may adversely affect our operations.
Our business depends on a large number of employees executing client operations. Strikes or labor
disputes with our employees at our delivery centers may adversely affect our ability to conduct
business. Our employees are not unionized, although they may in the future form unions. We cannot
assure you that there will not be any strike, lock out or material labor dispute in the future.
Work interruptions or stoppages could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Failure to adhere to the regulations that govern our business could result in us being unable to
effectively perform our services. Failure to adhere to regulations that govern our clients
businesses could result in breaches of contract with our clients.
Our clients business operations are subject to certain rules and regulations such as the
Gramm-Leach-Bliley Act, the Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act and Health
Information Technology for Economic and Clinical Health Act in the US and the Financial Services
Act in the UK. Our clients may contractually require that we perform our services in a manner that
would enable them to comply with such rules and regulations. Failure to perform our services in
such a manner could result in breaches of contract with our clients and, in some limited
circumstances, civil fines and criminal penalties for us. In addition, we are required under
various Indian laws to obtain and maintain permits and licenses for the conduct of our business. If
we fail to comply with any applicable rules or regulations, or if we do not maintain our licenses
or other qualifications to provide our services, we may not be able to provide services to existing
clients or be able to attract new clients and could lose revenue, which could have a material
adverse effect on our business.
Our clients may terminate contracts before completion or choose not to renew contracts which could
adversely affect our business and reduce our revenue.
The terms of our client contracts typically range from three to eight years. Many of our client
contracts can be terminated by our clients with or without cause, with three to six months notice
and, in most cases, without penalty. The termination of a substantial percentage of these contracts
could adversely affect our business and reduce our revenue. Contracts that will expire on or before
March 31, 2011 (including work orders/statement of works that will expire on or before March 31,
2011 although the related master services agreement has been renewed) represent approximately 6.5%
of our revenue and 9.7% of our revenue less repair payments from our clients in fiscal 2010.
Failure to meet contractual requirements could result in cancellation or non-renewal of a contract.
Some of our contracts may be terminated by the client if certain of our key personnel working on
the client project leave our employment and
we are unable to find suitable replacements. In addition, a contract termination or significant
reduction in work assigned to us by a major client could cause us to experience a higher than
expected number of unassigned employees, which would increase our cost of revenue as a percentage
of revenue until we are able to reduce or reallocate our headcount. We may not be able to replace
any client that elects to terminate or not renew its contract with us, which would adversely affect
our business and revenue.
Some of our client contracts contain provisions which, if triggered, could result in lower future
revenue and have an adverse effect on our business.
In many of our client contracts, we agree to include certain provisions which provide for downward
revision of our prices under certain circumstances. For example, certain contracts allow a client
in certain limited circumstances to request a benchmark study comparing our pricing and performance
with that of an agreed list of other service providers for comparable services. Based on the
results of the study and depending on the reasons for any unfavorable variance, we may be required
to make improvements in the service we provide or to reduce the pricing for services to be
performed under the remaining term of the contract. Some of our contracts also provide that, during
the term of the contract and for a certain period thereafter ranging from six to 12 months, we may
not provide similar services to certain or any of their competitors using the same personnel. These
restrictions may hamper our ability to compete for and provide services to other clients in the
same industry, which may result in lower future revenue and profitability.
Some of our contracts specify that if a change in control of our company occurs during the term of
the contract, the client has the right to terminate the contract. These provisions may result in
our contracts being terminated if there is such a change in control, resulting in a potential loss
of revenue. Some of our client contracts also contain provisions
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that would require us to pay
penalties to our clients if we do not meet pre-agreed service level requirements. Failure to meet
these requirements could result in the payment of significant penalties by us to our clients which
in turn could have an adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition
and cash flows.
We enter into long-term contracts with our clients, and our failure to estimate the resources and
time required for our contracts may negatively affect our profitability.
The terms of our client contracts typically range from three to eight years. In many of our
contracts, we commit to long-term pricing with our clients and therefore bear the risk of cost
overruns, completion delays and wage inflation in connection with these contracts. If we fail to
estimate accurately the resources and time required for a contract, future wage inflation rates or
currency exchange rates, or if we fail to complete our contractual obligations within the
contracted timeframe, our revenue and profitability may be negatively affected. Some of our client
contracts do not allow us to terminate the contracts except in the case of non-payment by our
client. If any contract turns out to be economically non-viable for us, we may still be liable to
continue to provide services under the contract.
Our profitability will suffer if we are not able to maintain our pricing and asset utilization
levels and control our costs.
Our profit margin, and therefore our profitability, is largely a function of our asset utilization
and the rates we are able to recover for our services. An important component of our asset
utilization is our seat utilization rate which is the average number of work shifts per day, out of
a maximum of three, for which we are able to utilize our work stations, or seats. If we are not
able to maintain the pricing for our services or an appropriate seat utilization rate, without
corresponding cost reductions, our profitability will suffer. The rates we are able to recover for
our services are affected by a number of factors, including our clients perceptions of our ability
to add value through our services, competition, introduction of new services or products by us or
our competitors, our ability to accurately estimate, attain and sustain engagement revenue, margins
and cash flows over increasingly longer contract periods and general economic and political
conditions.
Our profitability is also a function of our ability to control our costs and improve our
efficiency. As we increase the number of our employees and execute our strategies for growth, we
may not be able to manage the significantly larger and more geographically diverse workforce that
may result, which could adversely affect our ability to control our costs or improve our
efficiency.
We have incurred losses in the past. We may not be profitable in the future and may not be able to
secure additional business
We incurred losses in each of the three fiscal years from fiscal 2003 through fiscal 2005. We
expect our selling, general and administrative expenses to increase in future periods. If our
revenue does not grow at a faster rate than these expected increases in our expenses, or if our
operating expenses are higher than we anticipate, we may not be profitable and we may incur losses.
If we cause disruptions to our clients businesses, provide inadequate service or are in breach of
our representations or obligations, our clients may have claims for substantial damages against us.
Our insurance coverage may be inadequate to cover these claims and, as a result, our profits may be
substantially reduced.
Most of our contracts with clients contain service level and performance requirements, including
requirements relating to the quality of our services and the timing and quality of responses to the
clients customer inquiries. In some cases, the quality of services that we provide is measured by
quality assurance ratings and surveys which are based in part on the results of direct monitoring
by our clients of interactions between our employees and our clients customers. Failure to
consistently meet service requirements of a client or errors made by our associates in the course
of delivering services to our clients could disrupt the clients business and result in a reduction
in revenue or a claim for substantial damages against us. For example, some of our agreements
stipulate standards of service that, if not met by us, will result in lower payment to us. In
addition, in connection with acquiring new business from a client or entering into client
contracts, our employees may make various representations, including representations relating to
the quality of our services, abilities of our associates and our project management techniques. A
failure or inability to meet a contractual requirement or our representations could seriously
damage our reputation and affect our ability to attract new business or result in a claim for
substantial damages against us.
Our dependence on our offshore delivery centers requires us to maintain active data and voice
communications between our main delivery centers in India, Sri Lanka, Romania, the Philippines and
the UK, our international technology hubs in the US and the UK and our clients offices. Although
we maintain redundant facilities and communications links, disruptions could result from, among
other things, technical and electricity breakdowns, computer glitches and viruses
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and adverse
weather conditions. Any significant failure of our equipment or systems, or any major disruption to
basic infrastructure like power and telecommunications in the locations in which we operate, could
impede our ability to provide services to our clients, have a negative impact on our reputation,
cause us to lose clients, reduce our revenue and harm our business.
Under our contracts with our clients, our liability for breach of our obligations is generally
limited to actual damages suffered by the client and capped at a portion of the fees paid or
payable to us under the relevant contract. Although our contracts contain limitations on liability,
such limitations may be unenforceable or otherwise may not protect us from liability for damages.
In addition, certain liabilities, such as claims of third parties for which we may be required to
indemnify our clients, are generally not limited under those agreements. Although we have
professional indemnity insurance coverage, the coverage may not continue to be available on
reasonable terms or in sufficient amounts to cover one or more large claims, and our insurers may
disclaim coverage as to any future claims. The successful assertion of one or more large claims
against us that exceed available insurance coverage, or changes in our insurance policies
(including premium increases or the imposition of large deductible or co-insurance requirements),
could have a material adverse effect on our business, reputation, results of operations, financial
condition and cash flows.
We are liable to our clients for damages caused by unauthorized disclosure of sensitive and
confidential information, whether through a breach of our computer systems, through our employees
or otherwise.
We are typically required to manage, utilize and store sensitive or confidential client data in
connection with the services we provide. Under the terms of our client contracts, we are required
to keep such information strictly confidential. Our client contracts do not include any limitation
on our liability to them with respect to breaches of our obligation to maintain confidentiality on
the information we receive from them. We seek to implement measures to protect sensitive and
confidential client data and have not experienced any material breach of confidentiality to date.
However, if any person, including any of our employees, penetrates our network security or
otherwise mismanages or misappropriates sensitive or confidential client data, we could be subject
to significant liability and lawsuits from our clients or their customers for breaching contractual
confidentiality provisions or privacy laws. Although we have insurance coverage for mismanagement
or misappropriation of such information by our employees, that coverage may not continue to be
available on reasonable terms or in sufficient amounts to cover one or more large claims against us
and our insurers may disclaim coverage as to any future claims. Penetration of the network security
of our data centers could have a negative impact on our reputation which would harm our business.
We may not succeed in identifying suitable acquisition targets or integrating any acquired business
into our operations, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of
operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Our growth strategy involves gaining new clients and expanding our service offerings, both
organically and through strategic acquisitions. Historically, we have expanded some of our service
offerings and gained new clients through strategic acquisitions. For example, we acquired Aviva Global in July 2008, BizAps in June 2008,
Chang Limited in April 2008, and Flovate Technologies Limited, or Flovate (which we subsequently
renamed as WNS Workflow Technologies Limited), in June 2007. In March 2008, we entered into a joint
venture with Advanced Contact Solutions, Inc., or ACS, a provider in BPO services and customer care
in the Philippines, to form WNS Philippines Inc. It is possible that in the future we may not
succeed in identifying suitable acquisition targets available for sale or investments on reasonable
terms, have access to the capital required to finance potential acquisitions or investments, or be
able to consummate any acquisition or investments. The inability to identify suitable acquisition
targets or investments or the inability to complete such transactions may affect our
competitiveness and our growth prospects. In addition, our management may not be able to
successfully integrate any acquired business into our operations or benefit from any joint ventures
that we enter into, and any acquisition we do complete or any joint venture we do enter into may
not result in long-term benefits to us. For example, if we acquire a company, we could experience
difficulties in assimilating that companys personnel, operations, technology and software, or the
key personnel of the acquired company may decide not to work for us. The lack of profitability of
any of our acquisitions or joint ventures could have a material adverse effect on our operating
results. Future acquisitions or joint ventures may also result in the incurrence of indebtedness or
the issuance of additional equity securities and may present difficulties in financing the
acquisition on attractive terms. Further, we may receive claims or demands by the sellers of the
entities acquired by us on the indemnities that we have provided to them for losses or damages
arising from any breach of contract by us. Conversely, while we may be able to claim against the
sellers on their indemnities to us for breach of contract or breach of the representations and
warranties given by the sellers in respect of the entities acquired by us,
Page 16
there can be no
assurance that our claims will succeed, or if they do, that we will be able to successfully enforce
our claims against the sellers at a reasonable cost. Acquisitions and joint ventures also typically
involve a number of other risks, including diversion of managements attention, legal liabilities
and the need to amortize acquired intangible assets, any of which could have a material adverse
effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
We recorded an impairment charge of $15.5 million to our earnings in fiscal 2008 and may be
required to record a significant charge to earnings in the future when we review our goodwill,
intangible or other assets for potential impairment.
As of March 31, 2010, we had goodwill and intangible assets of approximately $90.7 million and
$188.1 million, respectively, which primarily resulted from the purchases of Aviva Global, BizAps,
Chang Limited, Marketics Technologies (India) Private Limited, or Marketics, Flovate, Town &
Country Assistance Limited (which we subsequently rebranded as WNS Assistance) and WNS Global
Services Private Limited, or WNS Global. Of the $188.1 million of intangible assets as of March 31,
2010, $178.5 million pertain to our purchase of Aviva Global. Under US GAAP, we are required to
review our goodwill, intangibles or other assets for impairment when events or changes in circumstances indicate the
carrying value may not be recoverable. In addition, goodwill, intangible
or other assets with indefinite lives are required to be tested for impairment at least annually.
We performed an impairment review and recorded an impairment charge of $15.5 million to our
earnings in fiscal 2008 relating to Trinity Partners. If, for example, the insurance industry
experiences a significant decline in business and we determine that we will not be able to achieve
the cash flows that we had expected from our acquisition of Aviva Global, we may have to record an
impairment of all or a portion of the $178.5 million of intangible assets relating to our purchase of Aviva Global.
Although our impairment review of goodwill and intangible assets in fiscal 2010 and 2009 did not
indicate any impairment, we may be required in the future to record a significant charge to
earnings in our financial statements during the period in which any impairment of our goodwill or
other intangible assets is determined. Such charges may have a significant adverse impact on our
results of operations.
Our facilities are at risk of damage by natural disasters.
Our operational facilities and communication hubs may be damaged in natural disasters such as
earthquakes, floods, heavy rains, tsunamis and cyclones. For example, during floods caused by
typhonium in Manila, Philippines in September 2009, our delivery center was rendered inaccessible
and our associates were not able to commute to the delivery center for a few days, thereby
adversely impacting our provision of services to our clients. During the floods in Mumbai in July
2005, our operations were adversely affected as a result of the disruption of the citys public
utility and transport services making it difficult for our associates to commute to our office.
Such natural disasters may also lead to disruption to information systems and telephone service for
sustained periods. Damage or destruction that interrupts our provision of outsourcing services
could damage our relationships with our clients and may cause us to incur substantial additional
expenses to repair or replace damaged equipment or facilities. We may also be liable to our clients
for disruption in service resulting from such damage or destruction. While we currently have
property damage insurance and business interruption insurance, our insurance coverage may not be sufficient.
Furthermore, we may be unable to secure such insurance coverage at premiums acceptable to us in the
future or secure such insurance coverage at all. Prolonged disruption of our services as a result
of natural disasters would also entitle our clients to terminate their contracts with us.
Our
largest shareholder,
Warburg Pincus, is able to significantly influence our corporate actions, and may also enter
into transactions that may result in a change in control of our company.
Warburg Pincus beneficially owns
approximately 48.6% of our shares. As a result of its ownership
position, Warburg Pincus has
the ability to significantly influence matters requiring shareholder and board approval including,
without limitation, the election of directors, significant corporate transactions such as
amalgamations and consolidations, changes in control of our company and sales of all or
substantially all of our assets. Actions that are supported by Warburg Pincus are very
likely to be taken and the interests of Warburg Pincus may differ from the interests of other
shareholders of our company.
A change in control or potential
change in control transaction may consume management time and company resources and may have a material
adverse impact on our business.
In July 2009, our board of director
received unsolicited offers from a few financial institutions and strategic investors to buy a
majority or all of the ordinary shares of our company. While such offers or proposed sale may
not result in the consummation of a change in control transaction, consideration and evaluation
of such offers may consume management time and company resources and distract managements
attention. Warburg Pincus, our 48.6% shareholder, may also seek to sell all or a substantial
portion of its shareholding in our company, which may result in a change in control in our
company. A potential change in control may cause uncertainty among our employees, our creditors
and other stakeholders, and may thereby have a material adverse impact on our business. If a change in
control transaction is consummated, many of our client contracts may entitle those clients to
terminate the client contract with our company. Any of the foregoing events could have a
material adverse effect on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash
flows, as well as cause our ADS price to fall.
Page 17
We have certain anti-takeover provisions in our Articles of Association that may discourage a
change in control.
Our Articles of Association contain anti-takeover provisions that could make it more difficult for
a third party to acquire us without the consent of our board of directors. These provisions
include:
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a classified board of directors with staggered three-year terms; and |
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the ability of our board of directors to determine the rights, preferences and privileges
of our preferred shares and to issue the preferred shares without shareholder approval, which
could be exercised by our board of directors to increase the number of outstanding shares and
prevent or delay a takeover attempt. |
These provisions could make it more difficult for a third party to acquire us, even if the third
partys offer may be considered beneficial by many shareholders. As a result, shareholders may be
limited in their ability to obtain a premium for their shares.
It may be difficult for you to effect service of process and enforce legal judgments against us or
our affiliates.
We are incorporated in Jersey, Channel Islands, and our primary operating subsidiary, WNS Global,
is incorporated in India. A majority of our directors and senior executives are not residents of
the US and virtually all of our assets and the assets of those persons are located outside the US.
As a result, it may not be possible for you to effect service of process within the US upon those
persons or us. In addition, you may be unable to enforce judgments obtained in courts of the US
against those persons outside the jurisdiction of their residence, including judgments predicated
solely upon the securities laws of the US.
We face competition from onshore and offshore business process outsourcing companies and from
information technology companies that also offer business process outsourcing services. Our clients
may also choose to run their business processes themselves, either in their home countries or
through captive units located offshore.
The market for outsourcing services is very competitive and we expect competition to intensify and
increase from a number of sources. We believe that the principal competitive factors in our markets
are price, service quality, sales and marketing skills, and industry expertise. We face significant
competition from our clients own in-house groups including, in some cases, in-house departments
operating offshore or captive units. Clients who currently outsource a significant proportion of
their business processes or information technology services to vendors in India may, for various
reasons, including diversifying geographic risk, seek to reduce their dependence on any one
country. We also face competition from onshore and offshore business process outsourcing and
information technology services companies. In addition, the trend toward offshore outsourcing,
international expansion by foreign and domestic competitors and continuing technological changes
will result in new and different competitors entering our markets. These competitors may include
entrants from the communications, software and data networking industries or entrants in geographic
locations with lower costs than those in which we operate.
Some of these existing and future competitors have greater financial, human and other resources,
longer operating histories, greater technological expertise, more recognizable brand names and more
established relationships in the industries that we currently serve or may serve in the future. In
addition, some of our competitors may enter into strategic or commercial relationships among
themselves or with larger, more established companies in order to increase their ability to address
client needs, or enter into similar arrangements with potential clients. Increased competition, our
inability to compete successfully against competitors, pricing pressures or loss of market share
could result in reduced operating margins which could harm our business, results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows.
We are incorporated in Jersey, Channel Island and are subject to Jersey rules and regulations. If
the tax benefits enjoyed by our company are withdrawn or changed, we may be liable for higher tax,
thereby reducing our profitability.
As a company incorporated in Jersey, Channel Island, we enjoy tax benefits that result in us not
having to pay taxes in Jersey. In late 2009 it was reported that concerns had been raised by some
members of the ECOFIN Code of Conduct group as to whether the current tax regime for companies
incorporated in Jersey could be interpreted as being outside the spirit of the EU Code of Conduct
for Business Taxation. The Treasury and Resources Minister of the States of Jersey confirmed in his
budget speech on December 8, 2009 that the current tax regime in Jersey had been found to be
compliant with the EU Code of Conduct. The Minister has also announced a review of business taxation
in Jersey. Although
Page 18
the Minister stated in his budget speech that he understood the fundamental
importance of tax neutrality to Jerseys financial service industry and the requirement that this
be maintained, the outcome of this review cannot at this time be predicted. We cannot assure you
that following the review, the current taxation regime applicable in Jersey will not be amended and
render us liable for taxation.
Risks Related to Key Delivery Locations
A substantial portion of our assets and operations are located in India and we are subject to
regulatory, economic, social and political uncertainties in India.
Our primary operating subsidiary, WNS Global, is incorporated in India, and a substantial portion
of our assets and employees are located in India. We intend to continue to develop and expand our
facilities in India. The Government of India, however, has exercised and continues to exercise
significant influence over many aspects of the Indian economy. The Government of India has provided
significant tax incentives and relaxed certain regulatory restrictions in order to encourage
foreign investment in specified sectors of the economy, including the business process outsourcing
industry. Those programs that have benefited us include tax holidays, liberalized import and export
duties and preferential rules on foreign investment and repatriation. We cannot assure you that
such liberalization policies will continue. Various factors, including a collapse of the present
coalition government due to the withdrawal of support of coalition members or the formation of a
new unstable government with limited support, could trigger significant changes in Indias economic
liberalization and deregulation policies and disrupt business and economic conditions in India
generally and our business in particular. The Government of India may decide to introduce the
reservation policy. According to this policy, all companies operating in the private sector in
India, including our subsidiaries in India, would be required to reserve a certain percentage of
jobs for the economically underprivileged population in the relevant state where such companies are
incorporated. If this policy is introduced, our ability to hire employees of our choice may be
restricted. Our financial performance and the market price of our ADSs may be adversely affected by
changes in inflation,
exchange rates and controls, interest rates, Government of India policies (including taxation
policies), social stability or other political, economic or diplomatic developments affecting India
in the future.
India has witnessed communal clashes in the past. Although such clashes in India have, in the
recent past, been sporadic and have been contained within reasonably short periods of time, any
such civil disturbance in the future could result in disruptions in transportation or communication
networks, as well as have adverse implications for general economic conditions in India. Such
events could have a material adverse effect on our business, on the value of our ADSs and on your
investment in our ADSs.
If the tax benefits and other incentives that we currently enjoy are reduced or withdrawn or not
available for any other reason, our financial condition could be negatively affected.
Under the Indian Finance Act, 2000, except for three delivery centers located in Mumbai, Nashik and
Pune, all our delivery centers in India benefit from a holiday from Indian corporate income taxes.
As a result, our service operations, including any businesses we acquire, have been subject to
relatively low Indian income tax liabilities. We incurred minimal income tax expense on our Indian
operations in fiscal 2010 as a result of the tax holiday, compared to approximately $15.1 million
that we would have incurred if the tax holiday had not been available for the respective period.
The Indian Finance Act, 2000 phases out the tax holiday for companies registered as an exporter of
business process outsourcing services with the Software Technology Parks of India, or STPI, over a
ten-year period from fiscal 2000 through fiscal 2009. In May 2008, the Government of India passed
the Indian Finance Act, 2008, which extended the tax holiday period by an additional year through
fiscal 2010. In August 2009, the Government of India passed the Indian Finance (No. 2) Act, 2009,
which further extended the STPI tax holiday period by an additional year through fiscal 2011.
Because of the extension of the STPI tax holiday through fiscal 2011, we recorded in fiscal 2010
a net deferred tax credit of $0.5 million on account of a reversal of deferred tax liability on
intangibles, partially offset by a reversal of deferred tax assets on lease rentals. The tax
holiday enjoyed by our delivery centers located in Bangalore, Chennai, Gurgaon, Mumbai, Nashik and
Pune will expire on April 1, 2011 except for the tax holiday enjoyed by three of our delivery
centers located in Mumbai, Nashik and Pune which expired on April 1, 2007, April 1, 2008 and April
1, 2009, respectively. Our subsidiaries in Sri Lanka and Costa Rica
and our joint
venture company in the Philippines also benefit from similar tax exemptions. We incurred minimal income tax expense
on our Sri Lanka operations in fiscal 2010 as a result of the tax holiday, compared to
approximately $0.5 million that we would have incurred if the tax holiday had not been available
for the respective period. When our tax holiday expires or terminates, or if the applicable
government withdraws or reduces the benefits of a tax holiday that we enjoy, our tax expense will
materially increase and this increase will have a material impact on our results of operations. For
example, in the absence of a tax holiday in India, income derived from India would be taxed up to a
maximum of the then existing annual tax rate which, as of March 31, 2010 was 33.99%.
In 2005, the
Government of India implemented the Special Economic Zones Act, 2005, or the SEZ
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legislation, with
the effect that taxable income of new operations established in designated special economic zones,
or SEZs, may be eligible for a 15-year tax holiday scheme consisting of a complete tax holiday for
the initial five years and a partial tax holiday for the subsequent ten years, subject to the
satisfaction of certain capital investment conditions. Our delivery center in Gurgaon benefits from
this tax holiday which will expire in fiscal 2022. The SEZ legislation has been criticized on
economic grounds by the International Monetary Fund and the SEZ legislation may be challenged by
certain non-governmental organizations. It is possible that, as a result of such political
pressures, the procedure for obtaining the benefits under the SEZ legislation may become more
onerous, the types of land eligible for SEZ status may be further restricted or the SEZ legislation
may be amended or repealed. Moreover, there is continuing uncertainty as to the governmental and
regulatory approvals required to establish operations in the SEZs or to qualify for the tax
benefit. This uncertainty may delay our establishment of operations in the SEZs.
The applicable tax authorities may also disallow deductions or tax holiday benefits claimed by us
and assess additional taxable income on us in connection with their review of our tax returns.
We are subject to transfer pricing and other tax related regulations and any determination that we
have failed to comply with them could materially adversely affect our profitability.
Transfer pricing regulations to which we are subject require that any international transaction
among WNS and its subsidiaries, or the WNS group enterprises, be on arms-length terms. We believe
that the international transactions among the WNS group enterprises are on arms-length terms. If,
however, the applicable tax authorities determine the transactions among the WNS group enterprises
do not meet arms length criteria, we may incur increased tax liability, including accrued interest
and penalties. This would cause our tax expense to increase, possibly materially, thereby reducing
our profitability and cash flows.
We may be required to pay additional taxes in connection with audits by the Indian tax authorities.
From time to time, we receive orders of assessment from the Indian tax authorities assessing
additional taxable income on us and/or our subsidiaries in connection with their review of our tax
returns. We currently have a few orders of assessment outstanding that we believe could be material
to our company given the magnitude of the claim. For example, in January 2009, we received an order
of assessment from the Indian tax authorities that assessed additional taxable income for fiscal
2005 on WNS Global, our wholly-owned Indian subsidiary, that could give rise to an estimated Rs.
728.1 million ($16.1 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) in additional taxes,
including interest of Rs. 225.9 million ($5.0 million based on the exchange rate on March 31,
2010). In March 2009, we received from the Indian service tax authority an assessment order
demanding payment of Rs. 346.2 million ($7.7 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010)
of service tax and penalty for the period from March 1, 2003 to January 31, 2005. In November 2009,
we received a draft order of assessment from the Indian tax authorities (incorporating a transfer
pricing order that we had received in October 2009) that assessed additional taxable income for
fiscal 2006 on WNS Global that could give rise to an estimated Rs. 759.99 million ($16.8 million
based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) in additional taxes, including interest of Rs. 235.86
million ($5.2 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010). We have disputed the draft
assessment order and have filed an appeal on December 29, 2009 before the Dispute Resolution Panel,
or DRP, a panel recently set by Government of India as an alternative to first appellate authority.
The final order of assessment is expected to be passed in the month of September or October 2010.
After consultation with our Indian tax advisors, we believe that the chances of the aforementioned
assessments, upon challenge, being sustained at the higher appellate authorities are remote and we
intend to vigorously dispute the assessments and order. We may be required to deposit with the tax
authorities all or a portion of the disputed amount pending final resolution of the respective
matters. No assurance can be given, however, that we will prevail in our tax disputes. If we do not
prevail, payment of additional taxes, interest and penalties may adversely affect our results of
operations, financial condition and cash flows. There can also be no assurance that we will not
receive similar or additional orders of assessment in the future. See Part II Managements
Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations Tax Assessment Orders
for more details on these assessments.
Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence involving India or its neighboring countries could
adversely affect our operations, resulting in a loss of client confidence and materially adversely
affecting our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
Terrorist attacks and other acts of violence or war involving India or its neighboring countries
may adversely affect worldwide financial markets and could potentially lead to economic recession,
which could adversely affect our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash
flows. South Asia has, from time to time, experienced instances of civil unrest and hostilities
among neighboring countries, including India and Pakistan. In previous years, military
confrontations between India and Pakistan have occurred in the region of Kashmir and along the
India/Pakistan border. There have also been incidents in and near India such as the recent bombings
of the Taj Mahal Hotel and Oberoi
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Hotel in Mumbai, a terrorist attack on the Indian Parliament,
troop mobilizations along the India/Pakistan border and an aggravated geopolitical situation in the
region. Such military activity or terrorist attacks in the future could influence the Indian
economy by disrupting communications and making travel more difficult. Resulting political tensions
could create a greater perception that investments in Indian companies involve a high degree of
risk. Such political tensions could similarly create a perception that there is a risk of
disruption of services provided by India-based companies, which could have a material adverse
effect on the market for our services. Furthermore, if India were to become engaged in armed
hostilities, particularly hostilities that were protracted or involved the threat or use of nuclear
weapons, we might not be able to continue our operations.
Restrictions on entry visas may affect our ability to compete for and provide services to clients
in the US and the UK, which could have a material adverse effect on future revenue.
The vast majority of our employees are Indian nationals. The ability of some of our executives to
work with and meet our European and North American clients and our clients from other countries
depends on the ability of our senior managers and employees to obtain the necessary visas and entry
permits. In response to previous terrorist attacks and global unrest, US and European immigration
authorities have increased the level of scrutiny in granting visas. Immigration laws in those
countries may also require us to meet certain other legal requirements as a condition to obtaining
or maintaining entry visas. These restrictions have significantly lengthened the time requirements
to obtain visas for our personnel, which has in the past resulted, and may continue to result, in
delays in the ability of our personnel to meet with our clients. In addition, immigration laws are
subject to legislative change and varying standards of application and enforcement due to political
forces, economic conditions or other events, including terrorist attacks.
We cannot predict the political or economic events that could affect immigration laws, or any
restrictive impact those events could have on obtaining or monitoring entry visas for our
personnel. If we are unable to obtain the necessary visas for personnel who need to visit our
clients sites or, if such visas are delayed, we may not be able to provide services to our clients
or to continue to provide services on a timely basis, which could have a material adverse effect on
our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
If more stringent labor laws become applicable to us, our profitability may be adversely affected.
India has stringent labor legislation that protects the interests of workers, including legislation
that sets forth detailed procedures for dispute resolution and employee removal and legislation
that imposes financial obligations on employers upon retrenchment. Though we are exempt from a
number of these labor laws at present, there can be no assurance that such laws will not become
applicable to the business process outsourcing industry in India in the future. In addition, our
employees may in the future form unions. If these labor laws become applicable to our workers or if
our employees unionize, it may become difficult for us to maintain flexible human resource
policies, discharge employees or downsize, and our profitability may be adversely affected.
Risks Related to our ADSs
Substantial future sales of our shares or ADSs in the public market could cause our ADS price to
fall.
Sales by us or our shareholders of a substantial number of our ADSs in the public market, or the
perception that these sales could occur, could cause the market price of our ADSs to decline. These
sales, or the perception that these sales could occur, also might make it more difficult for us to
sell securities in the future at a time or at a price that we deem appropriate or pay for
acquisitions using our equity securities. As of May 31, 2010, we had 44,039,723 ordinary shares
outstanding, including 21,408,081 shares represented by 21,408,081 ADSs. In addition, as of May 31, 2010, there were options and restricted stock units, or RSUs, outstanding under our 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan and our Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan to purchase a total of
2,690,279 ordinary shares or ADSs. All ADSs are freely transferable, except that ADSs owned by our
affiliates, including Warburg Pincus, may only be sold in the US if they are registered or qualify
for an exemption from registration, including pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act of
1933, as amended, or the Securities Act. The remaining ordinary shares outstanding may be sold in
the United States if they are registered or qualify for an exemption from registration, including
pursuant to Rule 144 under the Securities Act.
The market price for our ADSs may be volatile.
The market price for our ADSs is likely to be highly volatile and subject to wide fluctuations in
response to factors including the following:
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announcements of technological developments; |
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regulatory developments in our target markets affecting us, our clients or our competitors; |
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actual or anticipated fluctuations in our three monthly operating results; |
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changes in financial estimates by securities research analysts; |
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changes in the economic performance or market valuations of other companies engaged in
business process outsourcing; |
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addition or loss of executive officers or key employees; |
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sales or expected sales of additional shares or ADSs; |
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loss of one or more significant clients; and |
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a change in control, or possible change of control, of our company. |
In addition, securities markets generally and from time to time experience significant price and
volume fluctuations that are not related to the operating performance of particular companies.
These market fluctuations may also have a material adverse effect on the market price of our ADSs.
Holders of ADSs may be restricted in their ability to exercise voting rights.
At our request, the depositary of the ADSs will mail to you any notice of shareholders meeting
received from us together with information explaining how to instruct the depositary to exercise
the voting rights of the ordinary shares represented by ADSs. If the depositary timely receives
voting instructions from you, it will endeavor to vote the ordinary shares represented by your ADSs
in accordance with such voting instructions. However, the ability of the depositary to carry out
voting instructions may be limited by practical and legal limitations and the terms of the ordinary
shares on deposit. We cannot assure you that you will receive voting materials in time to enable
you to return voting instructions to the depositary in a timely manner. Ordinary shares for which
no voting instructions have been received will not be voted.
As a foreign private issuer, we are not subject to the proxy rules of the Commission, which
regulate the form and content of solicitations by US-based issuers of proxies from their
shareholders. The form of notice and proxy statement that we have been using does not include all
of the information that would be provided under the Commissions proxy rules.
We may be classified as a passive foreign investment company which could result in adverse United
States federal income tax consequences to US Holders.
We believe we are not a passive foreign investment company, or PFIC, for United States federal
income tax purposes for our taxable year ended March 31, 2010. However, we must make a separate
determination each year as to whether we are a PFIC after the close of each taxable year. A non-US
corporation will be considered a PFIC for any taxable year if either (i) at least 75% of its gross
income is passive income or (ii) at least 50% of the value of its assets (based on an average of
the quarterly values of the assets during a taxable year) is attributable to assets that produce or
are held for the production of passive income. As noted in our annual report for our taxable year
ended March 31, 2007, our PFIC status in respect of our taxable year ended March 31, 2007 was
uncertain. If we were treated as a PFIC for any year during which you held ADSs or ordinary shares,
we will continue to be treated as a PFIC for all succeeding years during which you hold ADSs or
ordinary shares, absent a special election.
ITEM 4. INFORMATION ON THE COMPANY
A. History and Development of our Company
WNS (Holdings) Limited was incorporated as a private liability company on February 18, 2002 under
the laws of Jersey, Channel Islands, and maintains a registered office in Jersey at 12 Castle
Street, St. Helier, Jersey JE2 3RT, Channel Islands. We converted from a private limited company to
a public limited company on January 4, 2006 when we acquired more than 30 shareholders as
calculated in accordance with Article 17A of the Companies (Jersey) Law, 1991, or the 1991 Law. We
gave notice of this to the Jersey Financial Services Commission in accordance with Article 17(3) of
the 1991 Law on January 12, 2006. Our principal executive office is located at Gate 4, Godrej &
Boyce Complex, Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli(W), Mumbai 400 079, India, and the telephone number for this
office is (91-22)
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4095-2100. Our website address is www.wns.com. Information contained on our
website does not constitute part of this annual report. Our agent for service in the US is our
subsidiary, WNS North America, Inc., 420 Lexington Avenue, Suite 2515, New York, New York 10170.
We began operations as an in-house unit of British Airways in 1996 and started focusing on
providing business process outsourcing, or BPO, services to third parties in fiscal 2003. Warburg
Pincus acquired a controlling stake in our company from British Airways in May 2002 and inducted a
new senior management team. In fiscal 2003, we acquired Town & Country Assistance Limited (which we
subsequently rebranded as WNS Assistance and which constitutes WNS Auto Claims BPO, our reportable
segment for financial statement purposes), a UK-based automobile claims handling company, thereby
extending our service portfolio beyond the travel industry to include insurance-based automobile
claims processing. In fiscal 2004, we acquired the health claims management business of Greensnow
Inc. In fiscal 2006, we acquired Trinity Partners (which we merged into our subsidiary, WNS North
America, Inc.), a provider of BPO services to financial institutions, focusing on mortgage banking.
In August 2006, we acquired from PRG Airlines Services Limited, or PRG Airlines, its fare audit
services business. In September 2006, we acquired from GHS
Holdings LLC, or GHS, its financial accounting business. In May 2007, we acquired Marketics, a
provider of offshore analytics services. In June 2007, we acquired Flovate, a company engaged in
the development and maintenance of software products and solutions, which we subsequently renamed
as WNS Workflow Technologies Limited. In April 2008, we acquired Chang Limited, an auto insurance
claims processing services provider in the UK, through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Call 24-7
Limited, or Call 24-7. In June 2008, we acquired BizAps, a provider of systems applications and
products, or SAP, solutions to optimize the enterprise resource planning functionality for our
finance and accounting processes. In July 2008, we entered into a transaction with AVIVA consisting
of (1) a share sale and purchase agreement pursuant to which we acquired from AVIVA all the shares
of Aviva Global and (2) the AVIVA master services agreement pursuant to which we are providing BPO
services to AVIVAs UK and Canadian businesses. In March 2009, we entered into a variation deed to
the AVIVA master services agreement pursuant to which we commenced provision of services to AVIVAs
Irish subsidiary, Hibernian Aviva Direct Limited, and certain of its affiliates. Aviva Global was
the business process offshoring subsidiary of AVIVA. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review
and Prospects Revenue Our Contracts for more details on this transaction.
In fiscal 2010, we restructured our organizational structure in order to streamline our
administrative operations, achieve operational and financial synergies, and reduce the costs and
expenses relating to regulatory compliance. This restructuring involved the merger of the following
seven Indian subsidiaries of WNS Global into WNS
Global through a Scheme of Amalgamation approved by an order of the Bombay High Court passed in
August 2009 pursuant to the Indian Companies Act, 1956: Customer Operational Services (Chennai)
Private Limited, Marketics, Noida Customer Operations Private
Limited, NTrance Customer Services Private Limited, WNS Customer Solutions Private Limited, WNS
Customer Solutions Shared Services Private Limited and WNS Workflow Technologies (India) Private
Limited. This Scheme of Amalgamation became effective on August 27, 2009. In another restructuring
exercise, our subsidiary WNS (Mauritius) Limited transferred its shareholding in three of its then
subsidiaries, First Offshoring Technologies Private Limited, Servicesource Offshore Technologies
Private Limited and Hi-Tech Offshoring Services Private Limited, to WNS Global for a cash
consideration of Rs. 23.06 million in November 2009, followed by a merger of these three
subsidiaries into WNS Global through a Scheme of Amalgamation approved by an order of the Bombay
High Court passed in March 2010 pursuant to the Indian Companies Act, 1956. This Scheme of
Amalgamation became effective on March 31, 2010. As a result of the various restructuring
activities undertaken in fiscal 2010, our organizational structure has been simplified, and now
comprises 24 companies in 13 countries.
We are headquartered in Mumbai, India, and we have client service offices in New York (US), New
South Wales (Australia), London (UK), and Singapore and delivery centers in Mumbai, Gurgaon, Pune,
Bangalore, Chennai and Nashik (India), Manila (the Philippines), Ipswich and Manchester (the UK),
Bucharest (Romania), Colombo (Sri Lanka), and San Jose (Costa Rica). We completed our initial
public offering in July 2006 and our ADSs are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, or the NYSE,
under the symbol WNS.
Our capital expenditure in fiscal 2010, 2009, 2008 and 2007 amounted to $13.3 million, $22.7
million, $28.1 million and $27.5 million, respectively. Our principal capital expenditure were
incurred for the purposes of setting up new delivery centers or expanding existing delivery centers
and setting up related technology to enable offshore execution and management of clients business
processes. We expect our capital expenditure needs in fiscal 2011 to be approximately $16.0
million, a significant amount of which we expect to spend on building new facilities as well as
continuing to streamline our operations by further consolidating production capacities in our
delivery centers. We expect to meet these estimated capital expenditure from cash generated from
operating activities and existing cash and
Page 23
cash equivalents. See Item 5. Operating and Financial
Review and Prospects Liquidity and Capital Resources for more information.
B. Business Overview
We are a leading provider of offshore BPO services. We provide comprehensive data, voice and
analytical services that are underpinned by our expertise in our target industry sectors. We
transfer the business processes of our clients which are typically companies headquartered in
Europe, North America and Asia Pacific regions to our delivery centers located in India, the
Philippines, Sri Lanka, the UK, Romania and Costa Rica. We provide high quality execution of
client processes, monitor these processes against multiple performance metrics, and seek to improve
them on an ongoing basis.
According to the National Association of Software and Service Companies, or NASSCOM, an industry
association in India, we have been among the top two India-based offshore business process
outsourcing companies in terms of export revenue for fiscal 2009. As of March 31, 2010, we had 21,958
employees executing approximately 600 distinct business processes for more than 225 clients. Our
largest clients in fiscal 2010 in terms of revenue contribution included AVIVA, Biomet Inc.,
British Airways, Centrica plc, FedEx, Marsh & McLennan Companies Inc., or MMC, Société
Internationale de Télécommunications Aéronautiques, or SITA, T-Mobile, Travelocity.com LP, or
Travelocity, United Airlines and Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd. See Clients.
We design, implement and operate comprehensive business processes for our clients, involving one or
more data, voice and analytical components. Our services include industry-specific processes that
are tailored to address our clients business and industry practices, particularly in the travel
and leisure, and BFSI industries, as well as
businesses in the consumer products, retail, professional services, pharmaceutical, media and
entertainment, manufacturing, logistics, telecommunications, and utilities industries. In addition,
we deliver shared services applicable across multiple industries, in areas such as finance and
accounting, and research and analytics services (formerly referred to as knowledge services). In
May 2009, we reorganized our industry-specific capabilities to form a new core functional service
capability called business transformation services. These services seek to help our clients
identify business and process optimization opportunities through technology-enabled solutions,
process design and improvements, including the Six Sigma principles, and other techniques and
leveraging program management to achieve cost savings.
We generate revenue primarily from providing business process outsourcing services. A portion
of our revenue includes payments which we make to automobile repair centers. We evaluate our
business performance based on revenue net of these payments in the case of fault repairs, since
we believe that revenue less repair payments reflects more accurately the value of the business
process outsourcing services we directly provide to our clients. See Item 5. Operating and
Financial Review and Prospects Results by Reportable Segment. In fiscal 2010, our revenue was
$582.5 million, our revenue less repair payments was $390.5 million and our net income attributable to WNS shareholders was $3.7
million.
Between fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2010, our revenue grew at a compound annual growth rate of 15.3% and
our revenue less repair payments grew at a compound annual growth rate of 15.9%. During this
period, we grew both organically and through acquisitions. We believe we have achieved rapid growth
and industry leadership through our understanding of the industries in which our clients operate,
our focus on operational excellence, and a senior management team with significant experience in
the global outsourcing industry. Our revenue is characterized by client, industry, geographic and
service diversity, which we believe offers us a sustainable business model.
Industry Overview
Companies globally are outsourcing a growing proportion of their business processes to streamline
their organizations, reduce costs, create flexibility, and improve their processes to increase
shareholder returns. More significantly, many of these companies are outsourcing to offshore
locations such as India to access a high quality and cost-effective workforce. We are a pioneer in
the offshore business process outsourcing industry and continue to be well positioned to benefit
from the combination of the outsourcing and offshoring trends.
While a limited number of global corporations such as General Electric Company, British Airways
(through our subsidiary, WNS Global) and American Express Company established in-house business
process outsourcing facilities in India in the mid-1990s, offshore business process outsourcing
growth only accelerated significantly from 2000
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onwards with the emergence of third party
providers. This has been followed by a shift in focus from largely call center related outsourcing
in areas such as telemarketing and client services to a wider range of more complex business
processes such as finance and accounting, insurance claims administration and market research
analysis.
The global business process outsourcing industry is large and growing rapidly. According to the
2010 Strategic Review published by NASSCOM in February 2010, or the NASSCOM 2010 Strategic Review,
the global business process outsourcing market was estimated at $112.2 billion in 2009 and is
projected to grow at a 7.1% compound annual growth rate from 2009 through 2013 to $147.7 billion.
The following charts set forth the relative growth rate and size of the global business process
outsourcing industry and the global information technology industry in addition to the expected
growth rate of the Indian offshore business process outsourcing industry:
|
|
|
Global IT Outsourcing vs. BPO Market ($ in billions)
|
|
Indian BPO Industry Revenues ($ in billions) |
|
|
|
|
|
 |
|
|
|
Source: NASSCOM Strategic Review, February 2010
|
|
Source: NASSCOM Strategic Review, February 2010 |
Note: Years ending December 31
|
|
Note: Years ending March 31 |
We believe that India is widely considered to be the most attractive destination for offshore
information technology, or IT, and business process outsourcing
services, or BPO. According to the NASSCOM 2010 Strategic Review, India
accounts for approximately 51%, Canada accounts for 19%, Philippines for 6%, Central and Eastern
Europe (CEE) for 6% and others for the remaining 18% of the addressable offshore IT-BPO market. It
is further estimated that India based resources account for about 60-70% of the offshore delivery
capabilities available across the leading multi-national IT-BPO players. The key factors for
Indias predominance include its large, growing and highly educated English-speaking workforce
coupled with a business and regulatory environment that is conducive to the growth of the business
process outsourcing industry.
Offshore business process outsourcing is typically a long-term strategic commitment for companies.
The processes that companies outsource are frequently complex and integrated with their core
operations. These processes require a high degree of customization and, often, a multi-stage
offshore transfer program. Clients would therefore incur high switching costs to transfer these
processes back to their home locations or to other business process outsourcing
Page 25
providers. As a
result, once an offshore business process outsourcing provider gains the confidence of a client,
the resulting business relationship is usually characterized by multi-year contracts with
predictable annual revenue.
Given the long-term, strategic nature of these engagements, companies undertake a rigorous process
in evaluating their business process outsourcing provider. Based on our experience, a client
typically seeks several key attributes in a business process outsourcing provider, including:
|
|
established reputation and industry leadership; |
|
|
demonstrated ability to execute a diverse range of mission-critical and often complex
business processes; |
|
|
capability to scale employees and infrastructure without a diminution in quality of
service; and |
|
|
ability to innovate, add new operational expertise and drive down costs. |
As the offshore business process outsourcing industry evolves further, we believe that scale,
reputation and leadership will increasingly become more important factors in this selection
process.
Competitive Strengths
We believe that we have the following seven competitive strengths necessary to maintain and enhance
our position as a leading provider of offshore business process outsourcing services:
Offshore business process outsourcing market leadership
We have received recognition as an industry leader from various industry bodies or publications.
For example:
|
|
NASSCOM has named us among the top two India-based offshore business process outsourcing
companies in terms of export revenue for fiscal 2009; |
|
|
2009 Global Outsourcing 100, a publication of International Association of Outsourcing
Professional (IAOP), named us the industry-specific multi-year winner; |
|
|
The Shared Services and Outsourcing Network, a global community of outsourcing
professionals, granted us the Best New Outsourced Services Award in 2009; |
|
|
2009 Global Outsourcing 100 named us among the top 10 outsourcing companies focused on the
utilities industry; |
|
|
2009 Global Outsourcing 100 named us among the top five outsourcing companies focused on
the air transportation industry; |
|
|
WCBF, USA, an independent organization providing Six Sigma solutions, granted us the Best
Project Achievement in Green Six Sigma Award in 2009; |
|
|
The World Environment Foundation, in association with the Institute of Directors, granted
us the Golden Peacock Eco-Innovation Award for Green Lean Sigma Program in 2009; |
|
|
The Global Services Magazine, in conjunction with a leading outsourcing advisor, neoIT,
named us the Best Performing Finance and Accounting Outsourcing Provider in 2008 and among
the top two best performing business process outsourcing companies in 2008 and 2009; |
|
|
KLM Royal Dutch Airlines recognized us with the Partners in Innovation Challenge Award in
2008; and |
|
|
The CIO Magazine (Indian Edition) granted us an award for Innovative Strategic Solutions
in 2008. |
We have closely followed industry trends in order to target services with high potential. For
example, since our emergence as a third party business process outsourcing provider, we have
aggressively invested in finance and accounting, and research and analytics services. As demand has
ramped up in the industrials and infrastructure sector, in
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April 2008, we set up a team to focus on
the industrial and infrastructure industry sectors. We have also focused our service portfolio on
more complex processes, avoiding the delivery of services that are less integral to our clients
operations, such as telemarketing and technical helpdesks, which characterized the offshore
business process outsourcing industry in its early days. For example, in May 2009, we reorganized
our industry-specific capabilities to form a new core functional service capability called business
transformation services. These services seek to help our clients identify business and process
optimization opportunities through technology-enabled solutions, process design and improvements,
including the Six Sigma principles, and other techniques and leveraging program management to
achieve cost savings.
We believe our early differentiation from other players and the length of our working relationship
with many industry-leading clients has significantly contributed to our reputation as a proven
provider of offshore business process outsourcing services. We believe that this reputation is a
key differentiator in our attracting and winning clients.
Deep industry expertise
We have established deep expertise in the industries we target. We have developed our business by
creating focused business units that provide industry-specific services. Our industry-focused
strategy allows us to retain and enhance expertise thereby enabling us to:
|
|
offer a suite of services that deliver a comprehensive industry-focused business process
outsourcing program; |
|
|
leverage our existing capabilities to win additional clients and identify new
industry-specific service offerings; |
|
|
cultivate client relationships that may involve few processes upon initial engagement to
develop deeper engagements ultimately involving a number of integrated processes; |
|
|
provide proprietary technology platforms for use in niche areas in specific sectors such as
auto insurance and travel; |
|
|
recruit and retain talented employees by offering them industry-focused career paths; and |
|
|
achieve market leadership in several of the industries we target. |
Experience in transferring processes offshore and running them efficiently
Many of the business processes that are outsourced by clients to us are mission-critical and core
to their operations, requiring substantial program management expertise. We have developed a
sophisticated program management methodology intended to ensure smooth transfer of business
processes from our clients facilities to our delivery centers. For example, our highly experienced
program management team has transferred approximately 600 distinct business processes for more than
225 clients.
We focus on delivering our client processes effectively on an ongoing basis. We have also invested
in a quality assurance team that satisfies the International Standard Organization, or ISO,
9001:2000 standards for quality management systems, and applies Six Sigma, a statistical
methodology for improving consistent quality across processes, and other process re-engineering
methodologies to further improve our process delivery. The composition of our revenue enables us to
continuously optimize the efficiency of our operations.
Diversified client base across multiple industries and geographic locations
We serve a large, diversified client base of more than 225 clients across Europe, North America,
Asia and the Middle East, including clients who are market leaders within their respective
industries. We have clients across the multiple sectors of the travel and leisure, and BFSI
industries as well as other industries such as consumer products, retail, professional services,
pharmaceutical, media and entertainment, manufacturing, logistics, telecommunications, and
utilities. To date, many of our clients have transferred a limited number of their business
processes offshore. We believe, therefore, that we have a significant opportunity to increase the
revenue we generate from these clients in the future as they decide to expand their commitment to
offshore business process outsourcing. See Clients.
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Extensive investment in human capital development
Our extensive recruiting process helps us screen candidates on multiple parameters and to
appropriately match employees to the most suitable positions. We have established the WNS Learning
Academy which provides ongoing training to our employees for the purpose of continuously improving
their leadership and professional skills. We seek to promote our team leaders and operations
managers from within, thereby offering internal advancement opportunities and clear long-term
career paths.
Ability to manage the rapid growth of our organization
We have invested significant management effort toward ensuring that our organization is positioned
to continuously scale to meet the robust demand for offshore business process outsourcing services.
We are capable of evaluating over 15,000 potential employees and recruiting, hiring and training
over 1,000 employees each month, enabling us to rapidly expand and support our clients. We have
also established a highly scalable operational infrastructure in multiple locations supported by a
world-class information technology and communications network infrastructure.
Experienced management team
We benefit from the effective leadership of a global management team with diverse backgrounds
including extensive experience in outsourcing. Members of our senior management team have an
average of over 20 years of experience in diverse industries, including in the outsourcing sector, and
in the course of their respective careers have gathered experience in successfully integrating
acquisitions, developing long-standing client relationships, launching practices in new
geographies, and developing new service offerings.
Business Strategy
Our objective is to strengthen our position as a leading global business process outsourcing
provider. To achieve this, we will seek to expand our client base and further develop our industry
expertise, enhance our brand to attract new clients, develop organically new business services and
industry-focused operating units and make selective acquisitions. The key elements of our strategy
are described below.
Drive rapid growth through penetration of our existing client base
We have a large and diverse existing client base that includes many leading global corporations,
most of whom have transferred only a limited number of their business processes offshore. We
leverage our expertise in providing comprehensive process solutions by identifying additional
processes that can be transferred offshore, cross-selling new services, adding technology-based
offerings, and expanding and deepening our existing relationships. We have account managers tasked
with maintaining a thorough understanding of our clients outsourcing roadmaps as well as
identifying and advocating new offshoring opportunities. As a result of this strategy, we have a
strong track record of extending the scope of our client relationships over time.
Enhance awareness of the WNS brand name
Our reputation for operational excellence among our clients has been instrumental in attracting and
retaining new clients as well as talented and qualified employees. We believe we have benefited
from strong word-of-mouth brand equity in the past to scale our business. However, as the size and
the complexity of the offshore business process outsourcing market grows, we are actively
increasing our efforts to enhance awareness of the WNS brand in our target markets and among
potential employees. To accomplish this, we have a dedicated global marketing team comprised of
experienced industry talent. We are also focusing on developing channels to increase market
awareness of the WNS brand, including through internet marketing techniques, exposure in industry
publications, participation in industry events and conferences, and thought leadership initiatives
in the form of publication of articles and white papers, webinars and podcasts. In addition, we are
aggressively targeting BPO industry analysts, general management consulting firms, and boutique
outsourcing firms, who are usually retained by prospective clients to provide strategic advice, act
as intermediaries in the sourcing processes, develop scope specifications and aid in the partner
selection process.
Reinforce leadership in existing industries and penetrate new industry sectors
We have a highly successful industry-focused operating model through which we have established a
leading offshore business process outsourcing practice in the travel and leisure, and BFSI sectors.
We intend to leverage our in-depth
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knowledge of these industries to penetrate additional sectors
within these industries. For example, through our recent acquisition of Aviva Global, we see
opportunities to penetrate the multi-line insurance and other segments of the insurance industry.
Our success in penetrating the market for finance and accounting services across industries drives
us to invest in talent and technology platforms with the goal of scaling our business in order to
acquire industry-specific expertise. We continue to leverage our existing expertise in emerging
businesses to develop our practice in the consumer products, retail, professional services,
pharmaceutical, and media and entertainment sectors.
Broaden industry expertise and enhance growth through selective acquisitions
Our acquisition strategy is focused on adding new capabilities and industry expertise. Our
acquisition track record demonstrates our ability to integrate, manage and develop the specific
capabilities we acquire. Our intention is to continue to pursue targeted acquisitions in the future
and to rely on our integration capabilities to expand the growth of our business.
Business Process Outsourcing Service Offerings
We offer our services to four main categories of clients through industry-focused business units.
First, we serve clients in the travel and leisure industry, including airlines, travel
intermediaries and other related service providers, for whom we perform services such as customer
service and revenue accounting. Second, we serve clients in the BFSI industry for whom we perform
services such as insurance claims management, account set-up and other related services, and asset
management support. Third, we serve clients in the industrial and infrastructure industry,
including manufacturing, logistics, telecommunications and utilities. Fourth, we serve clients in
several other industries, including consumer products, retail, professional services,
pharmaceutical, and media and entertainment, which we refer to as emerging businesses. In addition
to industry-specific services, we offer a range of services across multiple industries, in the
areas of finance and accounting services and market, business and financial research and analytical
services, which we collectively refer to as finance and accounting services, and research and
analytics services (formerly referred to as knowledge services), respectively. Further, in May
2009, we reorganized our industry-specific capabilities to form a new core functional service
capability called business transformation services. These services seek to help our clients
identify business and process optimization opportunities through technology-enabled solutions,
process design and improvements, including the Six Sigma principles, and other techniques and
leveraging program management to achieve cost savings. This structure is depicted in the graphic
below:
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To achieve in-depth understanding of our clients industries and provide industry-specific
services, we manage and conduct our sales processes in our two key markets North America and
Europe. In addition, we have a team focused on serving the Asia Pacific market. Our sales teams are
led by senior professionals who focus on target industries or processes. Each business unit is
staffed by a dedicated team of managers and employees engaged in providing business process
outsourcing client solutions. In addition, each business unit draws upon common support services
from our information technology, human resource, training, corporate communications, corporate
finance, risk management and legal departments, which we refer to as our corporate-enabling units.
Travel and Leisure Services
We believe that we currently have one of the largest and most diverse service offerings among
offshore business process outsourcing service providers in the travel and leisure services domain.
Our service portfolio includes processes that support air, car, hotel, marine and packaged travel
and leisure services offered by our clients. The key travel and leisure industry sectors we serve
include:
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|
airlines and hotels; |
|
|
|
travel intermediaries; and |
|
|
|
others, such as global distribution systems and network providers. |
We served a diverse client base in this business unit that included British Airways, SITA,
Travelocity, United Airlines and Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd in fiscal 2010. In fiscal 2010, we
served more than 25 airlines, hotels and travel intermediaries. As of March 31, 2010, we had 5,941
employees in this business unit, several hundred of whom have International Air Transport
Association, or IATA, or other travel industry related certifications. In fiscal 2010 and 2009,
this business unit represented 16.3% and 19.6% of our revenue, and 24.3% and 26.5% of our revenue
less repair payments, respectively.
The following graphic illustrates the key areas in which we provide services to clients in this
business unit:
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Case Study
A global airline sought a high quality, cost-effective solution for its passenger revenue
accounting and recovery processes. The company turned to us to support its efforts to control costs
and improve process efficiencies in these processes, leveraging our offshore capabilities to meet
these objectives and enhance recoveries from fare audits.
In 2006, the client transitioned its revenue accounting and fare audit operations to our
India-based team of over 300 employees. Our program managers worked with the client to ensure that
the migration was successful by documenting the processes, training our staff in a short period of
time, and setting-up IT connectivity. After the process migration, our operations team maintained
high quality delivery and continued to identify process improvement opportunities through a
rigorous Six Sigma program.
Currently, we deliver revenue accounting and fare audit functions, ensuring accurate, efficient and
timely processing, leading to enhanced recoveries. Key features of our solution include:
|
|
End-to-end passenger revenue accounting operations, including complex functions of
interline, auditing, investigation, refunds and collections; |
|
|
Stringent service level agreements with the client; |
|
|
Multi-location delivery to ensure business continuity; |
|
|
Highly skilled staff with deep domain knowledge; |
|
|
Effective staff training capabilities; and |
|
|
Rigorous quality assurance and Six Sigma programs. |
Benefits delivered by our team included:
|
|
Significant cost savings; |
|
|
Initiatives to increase productivity levels; |
|
|
Improved service quality; |
|
|
Process efficiencies; and |
|
|
Development of comprehensive management information system and reporting. |
BFSI Services
We were ranked as the leading insurance outsourcer in India by the International Association of
Outsourcing Professionals in The Global Outsourcing 100 list for 2009. We also have expertise in
the retail and mortgage banking, and asset management sectors.
The key BFSI industry sectors we serve include:
|
|
integrated financial services companies; |
|
|
life, annuity, and property and casualty insurers; |
|
|
insurance brokers and loss assessors; |
|
|
self-insured auto fleet owners; |
|
|
commercial and retail banks; |
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|
|
mortgage banks and loan servicers; |
|
|
asset managers and financial advisory service providers; and |
|
|
healthcare payors, providers and device manufacturers. |
We served a diverse client base in this business unit that included AVIVA, Biomet Inc. and MMC in
fiscal 2010. We also serve a large US-based financial advisory provider, a top ten UK auto insurer,
a large insurance loss adjuster, several self-insured fleet owners and several mortgage-related
companies. As of March 31, 2010, we had 8,485 employees working in this business unit. In fiscal
2010 and 2009, revenue from this business unit represented 65.4% and
62.6% of our revenue, and
revenue less repair payments from this business unit represented 48.4% and 49.5% of our revenue
less repair payments, respectively.
In April 2008, we acquired Chang Limited, an auto insurance claims processing services provider in
the UK through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Call 24-7. Call 24-7 provides comprehensive end-to-end
solutions to the UK insurance industry by leveraging cost efficient claims processing, technology,
and engineering and collision repair expertise to deliver quality service to its insurer clients
through the accident management process. Call 24-7 offers a comprehensive suite of back-office
insurance claims services, including first notification of loss, third party claims handling,
replacement vehicle provisioning and repair management through a national network of approved body
shops.
The following graphic illustrates the key areas in which we provide services to clients in this
business unit:
Banking and Financial Services Offerings
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Insurance Services Offerings
Our BFSI business unit includes our auto claims business, branded WNS Assistance, which is
comprised of our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment. WNS Assistance offers a blended onshore-offshore
delivery model that enables us to handle the entire automobile insurance claims cycle. We offer
comprehensive accident management services to our clients where we arrange for repair of
automobiles through a network of repair centers. We also offer claims management services where we
process accident insurance claims for our clients. For most of our clients in our auto claims
business, our employees receive telephone calls reporting automobile accidents, generate electronic
insurance claim forms and arrange for automobile repairs in cases of automobile damage. We also
provide third party claims handling services including the administration and settlement of
property and bodily injury claims while providing repair management and rehabilitation services to
our insured and self-insured fleet clients and the end-customers of our insurance company clients.
Our service for uninsured losses focuses on recovering repair costs and legal expenses directly
from negligent third parties. See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Results
by Reportable Segment.
Case Study
Our client, a leading retail broker-dealer, provides investment tools, including real-time quotes,
customized charts, market summaries and research tools, such as company profiles and earnings
estimates, to its customers. Experiencing aggressive growth, the client realized that it had to
scale its back office to meet the needs of advisors and field staff. The back office had to be
designed to support the full range of product offerings. The client turned to us to design and
implement the operation.
We deliver services across the entire life cycle of a broker-dealer, supporting financial products
including:
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|
New account set up (for brokerage accounts); |
|
|
Client administration (relating to beneficiary change, case management for annuities, life
and mutual funds, bank authorization and payment for new business); |
|
|
Advisor compensation (relating to commission earned on each new account / transaction); and |
Page 33
|
|
Client portfolio administration. |
We also provide support for new products as they are added to the client portfolio. These include
brokerage products, annuities, insurance and managed products. A dedicated recovery team manages
financial plan recovery, and sends notifications and advisories to customers.
Some of the key features of our solution include:
|
|
Flexible pricing model: The client is billed on a unit transaction pricing model for a
substantial portion of the work scope. This allows for greater flexibility as business volumes
fluctuate. For example, volumes can surge by as much as 30-40% during the tax season. This
requires meticulous planning between both the client and our team to manage fluctuating
volumes. |
|
|
Rapid scaling of operations: We were able to scale our operations rapidly in order to
deliver 24 processes ranging from low to high complexity within six months of engagement
commencement, |
|
|
Deep domain expertise: We initially created a pool of domain experts to provide advice on
the salient features of the clients products. Currently, given the power of this capability,
the client has transitioned all transactions to us. |
Currently, we support the full range of the clients brokerage functions starting with the opening
of a customer account to portfolio management and field staff compensation. We also increased the
accuracy of processing and significantly improved turnaround time on requests.
Industrial and Infrastructure Services
Our industrial and infrastructure services business unit focuses specifically on the needs of the
manufacturing, logistics, telecommunications and utilities industries.
We served a diverse client base that included Centrica plc, FedEx and T-Mobile in fiscal 2010. As
of March 31, 2010, we had 2,646 employees working in this business unit. In fiscal 2010 and 2009,
revenue from this business unit represented 7.6% and 6.9% of our revenue, and 11.4% and 9.3% of our
revenue less repair payments, respectively.
Page 34
The following graphic illustrates the key areas in which we provide services to clients in this
business unit:
Case Study.
Our client, a leading gas and electricity provider in the United Kingdom and North America, wanted
to significantly increase its customer service while reducing cost of operations. In the course of
its transformation to a more consumer-centric company, the client chose to outsource its processes
to us.
WNS associates manage customer care processes for this client, interacting directly with consumers
through all channels of communication, including email, white mail and outbound calling. We also
deliver back office exceptions billing, a crucial financial back office process, which enables the
client to identify and bill customers accurately by plugging potential revenue leakages. Our
solution achieved the following:
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|
Supported the clients implementation of its first SAP platform by acting as subject matter
experts. SAP is a leading provider of business management software; |
|
|
Responded to a rapid increase in customer interaction volumes; |
|
|
Scaled our team from 26 to over 1,500 associates in that time period and revamped training
materials; |
|
|
Implemented projects utilizing Six Sigma and LEAN methodologies at transition, laying the
foundation for continuous program improvement, resulting in higher quality transition by
embedding Black Belts, which refers to in-house coaches on Six Sigma, to design quality model; |
|
|
Reduced the time for a team member to reach optimum productivity, and increased
productivity; |
|
|
Improved debt recovery; and |
Page 35
|
|
Reduced backlog by collaboratively working with the client. |
Emerging Businesses
Prior to April 2008, our emerging businesses unit addressed the needs of the manufacturing,
logistics, telecommunications, utilities, consumer products, retail, professional services,
pharmaceutical, and media and entertainment industries. In April 2008, we created a new industrial
and infrastructure services business unit to focus specifically on the needs of the manufacturing,
logistics, telecommunications and utilities industries. We believe several industries are at an
accelerating stage of offshore business process outsourcing adoption, and therefore present
significant opportunities for growth. These industries include consumer products, retail,
professional services, pharmaceutical and, media and entertainment industries.
As of March 31, 2010, we had 3,615 employees in this business unit. In fiscal 2010 and 2009, this
business unit represented 10.7% and 10.9% of our revenue, and 15.9% and 14.7% of our revenue less
repair payments, respectively.
Our strategy for our emerging businesses is to nurture and develop emerging industry-specific
capabilities up to a point of critical mass from which new industry-focused operating units may
emerge. We utilize three core functional service capabilities to penetrate our emerging businesses.
These capabilities are broadly classified as:
|
|
finance and accounting services focused on finance and accounting services; |
|
|
research and analytics services focused on market, business and, financial research and
analytical services; and |
|
|
business transformation services focused on business and process optimization services. |
Case Study
In our emerging businesses unit, we worked with a leading global consumer packaged goods company
which was faced with the challenge of improving the level of customer care to both the 500,000
sales representatives and consumers in more than 100 countries, while reducing associated costs.
This challenge was accentuated during peak seasons as the client has to scale its customer care
function while maintaining its service levels.
The client first engaged us through a pilot project delivering customer care for the sales
representatives in the US. After the pilot was successfully completed, the client expanded the
scope of our work to include other geographies and product lines.
Currently, we deliver the entire range of customer care services, including voice and email support
in multiple geographies. The services which are delivered from our global network specifically
centers in India, Romania, and the Philippines and include:
|
|
Order management supporting sales representatives, including booking sales, assisting with
product information, providing current promotion information, and shipping details; |
|
|
Responding to customer service requests by sales representatives, including the provision of
information on product return schemes and other product-related information, and advising on
the status of shipment delays; |
|
|
Customer service supporting global sales managers by responding to queries on a variety of
subjects, including product information, promotional schemes, shipping details of specific
orders, and sales representative order backlogs. These queries are managed via calls or
emails; |
|
|
Customer service for the clients consumers, where the clients consumers can call, email
or write a letter to our team. We then respond with the necessary product information, product
availability, promotional offers, or address product complaints; and |
|
|
Sales representative support, including the recruitment of sales representatives. Our team
handles calls from potential recruits who want information on how to become sales
representatives, how can they apply, benefits and other queries. |
Page 36
We improved the efficiency of our clients customer care processes and reduced costs, while
delivering consistent service levels in the face of variable volumes. As a result, service levels
improved during the peak sales season. We reduced the call abandon rates and reduced costs. Given
the success of the customer care outsourcing, the client has also outsourced its finance and
accounting processes to us.
Finance and Accounting Services
In our finance and accounting services area, we offer critical finance and accounting services to
our clients.
In June 2008, we acquired BizAps, a provider of SAP solutions, to optimize the enterprise resource
planning functionality for our finance and accounting processes. The acquisition of BizAps has
enabled us to further assist our global customers in improving their shared services finance and
accounting functions, including core processes such as procure-to-pay and order-to-cash. Based in
the UK and the US, BizAps offers SAP optimization services and SAP certified solutions designed to
simplify SAP roll-out and enhance functionality for internal and outsourced shared services
centers.
The following graphic illustrates the key finance and accounting services we provide:
Case Study
A global professional services firm sought to consolidate and standardize its finance and
accounting, or F&A, processes across 40 countries and 35 operating companies on more than 25
disparate platforms. The organization wanted to transform its finance function and reduce its cost
of operations in order to remain competitive in a global economy. This required simplification and
standardization of its globally fragmented processes including those delivered by the clients own
captive shared service center.
Given the fragmented nature of the processes, we first conducted an exhaustive diagnostic. Based on
the results, we developed a detailed transition plan to consolidate and standardize processes.
Simple to complex F&A processes were then transitioned in a phased manner to our dedicated F&A
centers of excellence. Currently, we deliver a full range of F&A processes including processes
relating to accounts payable, accounts receivables, payroll and employee benefits, travel and
expense, general accounting, fiduciary accounting, and management accounting and reporting across
40 countries, including the US, Canada, the UK, Ireland, Puerto Rico, Bermuda, Hungary, Australia
and some countries in Asia Pacific and Europe. We delivered the following additional benefits to
our client:
|
|
Reduced cost of operations; |
|
|
|
Improved financial controls by a comprehensive documentation approach, embedding strong quality
processes and enhancing the overall control environment, particularly from the standpoint of
compliance with the US Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002; and |
Page 37
|
|
Delivered the following process improvements by leveraging LEAN, Kaizen (a continuous productivity
improvement philosophy) and Six Sigma methodologies: |
|
o |
|
Increased productivity; |
|
|
o |
|
Reduced the volumes of queries and referrals significantly; |
|
|
o |
|
Helped recover VAT credit; |
|
|
o |
|
Introduced automated duplication check process to prevent duplicate payments; |
|
|
o |
|
Reconciled significant amounts of long pending inter-company balances; and |
|
|
o |
|
Increased efficiency on reconciliations across entities. |
Research and Analytics Services
In the research and analytics services area, we offer market, business, and financial research and
analytical services such as business and financial research, market research, domain specific
analytical services, data services and business services to our clients who are typically
pharmaceutical companies, consulting firms, market research companies and investment banks. These
services range from low complexity data collection services to complex and high-end analytics which
require specialized skill sets. Our research and analytics services also include industry-specific
processes that are tailored to address our clients business and industry practices in the
pharmaceutical, retail, financial services and insurance, consumer products and other emerging
industries like travel, manufacturing, technology, media and telecommunications. Our analysts have
bachelors, masters or doctorate degrees in statistics, management, business administration, finance
and accountancy or economics, which enable us to support many of our clients simple to highly
complex research and analytics needs. We have institutionalized processes around staffing, internal
training, knowledge transfer, transition, team management and client communication that are unique
to high-end knowledge process outsourcing relationships.
In May 2007, we acquired Marketics, a provider of offshore analytics services. Over the last three
years, Marketics has developed a wide range of technology-enabled analytic services, primarily
targeting the sales and marketing organizations of consumer-centric companies. Marketics value
proposition is focused on enhancing business decision making through the use of complex analytics
such as predictive modeling to understand consumer behavior patterns and sales data analytics to
support inventory allocation.
Page 38
The following graphic illustrates the key research and analytics services we provide:
Case Study
A global beverage company sought to transform their way of conducting market research and
analytics. The client wanted to accomplish two key objectives: first, free up internal resources
from data gathering to focus them on the consumer and marketing functions; and second, obtain more
value from existing data.
The client started its engagement with us with a pilot team answering everyday business questions
on opportunities for brands, consumers, market, occasions, using proprietary survey research
protocols. The scope soon expanded to include consumer surveys, brand equity tracking surveys and
integrated marketing communications tracking, as well as the management of the supporting research
data. This information resides with research partners in 40 different countries, stemming from
reports that are run on a wide range of time frames. We became the custodian of the historical
tracker, supporting these 40 markets globally.
Our key value-added contributions include:
|
|
Fast turnaround on key queries. We developed a blended onsite/offshore delivery model which
helped the client gain a better understanding of strategic and business challenges with an
overnight turnaround. |
|
|
Thinking supplier partnership. We leveraged a resource mix of modeling analysts,
marketing domains and technology experts to support the client on both strategic and tactical
business questions, including portfolio analysis, everyday business questions such as market
size estimation, shopper and consumer insights, identifying consumer need gaps for new
product development and implementing an analytics center of excellence to support account
growth. |
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|
|
Ongoing efficiency. We identified a pattern of client requests which drove the automation
and creation template reports, including a unique monitoring report. This report is currently
used in over 35 global markets by the clients senior management team. |
Business Transformation Services
In May 2009, we reorganized our industry-specific capabilities to form a new core functional
service capability called business transformation services. These services seek to help our clients
identify business and process optimization opportunities through technology-enabled solutions,
process redesigning and improvements using a variety of techniques, and leveraging technical and
management development programs to achieve cost savings. Because the economic climate is dynamic,
our clients seek cost savings beyond labor arbitrage and look for step changes in productivity and
the ability to manage variability. To more effectively address our clients needs, we have
restructured our existing capabilities in process and domain consulting, program management, and
quality and technology analytics into a comprehensive service. Our services include implementation
of best practices, technology-enabled solutions optimization and leading-edge analytics. We use
various processes, tools and methodologies to deliver our business transformation services,
including the Six Sigma & Lean methodologies, engagement models tied to results, analytics-based
business insights, domain and process expertise, process re-engineering, best practices, and
standardization and automation.
The following graphic illustrates the key transformation services that we provide:
Page 40
Sales and Marketing
The offshore business process outsourcing services sales cycle is time consuming and complex in
nature. The extended sales cycle generally includes initiating client contact, submitting requests
for information and proposals for client business, facilitating client visits to our operational
facilities, performing diagnostics studies and conducting pilot implementations to test our
delivery capabilities. Due to the complex nature of our sales cycle, we have organized our sales
teams by business units and staffed them with professionals who have specialized industry
knowledge. This industry focus enables our sales teams to better understand the prospective
clients business needs and offer appropriate industry-focused solutions.
Our sales and sales support professionals are based in the US, Eastern Europe, Singapore, the UK,
India, Australia and Dubai. Our sales teams work closely with our sales support team in India,
which provides critical analytical support throughout the sales cycle. Our front-line sales teams
are responsible for identifying and initiating discussions with prospective clients, and selling
services in new areas to existing clients.
We also assign dedicated account managers to our key clients. These managers work day-to-day with
the client and our service delivery teams to address the clients needs. More importantly, by using
the detailed understanding of the clients business and outsourcing objectives gained through this
close interaction, our account managers actively identify and target additional processes that can
be outsourced to us. Through this methodology, we have developed a strong track record of
increasing our sales to existing clients over time.
Clients
As of March 31, 2010, we had a diverse client base of more than 225 clients across a variety of
industries and process types, including companies that we believe are among the leading players in
their respective industries. We define significant clients as those who represent an ongoing
business commitment to us, which includes substantially all of our clients within our WNS Global
BPO segment and some of our clients within our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment. The other clients in
our auto claims business offer only occasional business to us because of the small size of their
automobile fleets and the consequent infrequent requirement of our auto claims services.
We believe the diversity in our client profile differentiates us from our competitors. See Item 5.
Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Revenue for additional information on our client
base.
In fiscal 2010, the following were among our top 25 clients (including their affiliates) by
revenue:
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|
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AVIVA
|
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SITA |
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|
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Biomet Inc.
|
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T-Mobile |
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|
|
British Airways
|
|
Travelocity |
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|
Centrica plc
|
|
United Airlines |
|
|
|
FedEx
|
|
Virgin Atlantic Airways Ltd. |
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MMC |
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|
The table below sets forth the number of our clients by revenue less repair payments for the
periods indicated. We believe that the growth in the number of clients who generate more than $1
million of annual revenue less repair payments indicates our ability to extend the depth of our
relationships with existing clients over time.
Page 41
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
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|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
Below $1.0 million |
|
|
173 |
|
|
|
161 |
|
$1.0 million to $5.0 million |
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
40 |
|
$5.0 million to $10.0 million |
|
|
12 |
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|
|
6 |
|
More than $10.0 million |
|
|
7 |
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|
|
9 |
|
Competition
Competition in the business process outsourcing services industry is intense and growing steadily.
See Item 3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business We face
competition from onshore and offshore business process outsourcing companies and from information
technology companies that also offer business process outsourcing services. Our clients may also
choose to run their business processes themselves, either in their home countries or through
captive units located offshore. We compete primarily with:
|
|
focused business process outsourcing service companies based in offshore locations
(primarily India), such as Genpact Limited, Firstsource Solutions Ltd. and ExlService
Holdings, Inc.; |
|
|
business process outsourcing divisions of numerous information technology service companies
located in India such as Infosys BPO Ltd (formerly Progeon Ltd) owned by Infosys Technologies
Limited, or Infosys, Tata Consultancy Services Limited, or TCS, and Wipro BPO, owned by Wipro
Technologies Limited; and |
|
|
global companies such as Accenture Ltd., Affiliated Computer Services Inc., Electronic Data
Systems Corporation, a division of Hewlett-Packard, and International Business Machines
Corporation which provide an array of products and services, including broad-based information
technology, software, consulting and business process outsourcing services. |
However, while companies such as Infosys (through its business process outsourcing subsidiary,
Infosys BPO Ltd) and TCS can offer clients integrated information technology and business
outsourcing services, we believe these companies focus on information technology as their core
business.
In addition, departments of certain companies may choose to perform their business processes
in-house, in some cases via an owned and operated facility in an offshore location such as India.
Their employees provide these services as part of their regular business operations.
Intellectual Property
We use a combination of our clients software systems, third-party software platforms and systems
and, in some cases, our own proprietary software and platforms to provide our services. Our
principal proprietary software includes our platform for passenger revenue accounting called JADE,
which we use in our travel and leisure business unit, and an auto claims software platform called
Claimsflo, which we use in WNS Assistance. In addition, BizApss proprietary and licensed software
are used to optimize clients functions and processes like procure to pay and order to cash.
Our proprietary and licensed software allows us to market our services with an integrated solution
that combines a technology platform with our core business process outsourcing service offering. We
customarily enter into licensing and non-disclosure agreements with our clients with respect to the
use of their software systems and platforms. Our contracts usually provide that all intellectual
property created for the use of our clients will be assigned to them. Our employees are also
required to sign confidentiality agreements as a condition to their employment.
We have registered the trademark WNS and WNS-Extending Your Enterprise in the US, EU and India
(in certain relevant categories).
Page 42
Technology
We have a dedicated team of technology experts who support clients at each stage of their
engagement with us. The team conducts diagnostic studies for prospective clients and designs and
executes technology solutions to enable offshore execution and management of the clients business
processes. We also have wide-area-network, or WAN, local-area-network, or LAN, and desktop teams
that focus on creating and maintaining our large pool of 16,039 workstations, or seats, and seek to
ensure that our associates face minimal loss in time and efficiency in their work processes.
We have a well-developed international telecommunications infrastructure. We use a global wide area
network, which we refer to as the WNSNet to connect our clients data centers in the UK, Europe,
North America and Asia with our delivery centers. WNSNet has extensive security and virus
protection capabilities built in to protect the privacy of our clients and their customers and to
protect against computer virus attacks. We believe our telecommunications network is adaptable to
our clients legacy systems as well as to new and emerging technologies. Our telecommunications
network is supported by a 24/7 network management system. Our network is designed to eliminate any
single-point-of-failure in the delivery of services to clients.
Process and Quality Assurance and Risk Management
Our process and quality assurance compliance programs are critical to the success of our
operations. We have an independent quality assurance team to monitor, analyze, provide feedback on
and report process performance and compliance. Our company-wide quality management system, which
employs over 307 quality assurance analysts, focuses on managing our client processes effectively
on an ongoing basis. Our process delivery is managed by independent empowered teams and measured
regularly against pre-defined operational metrics. We also have over 715 employees in our quality
assurance team that satisfies the ISO 9001:2000 standards for quality management systems. We apply
the Six Sigma and LEAN methodologies which are statistical methodologies for improving consistent
quality across processes as well as quality management principles for improving the operation of
our clients processes and providing a consistent level of service quality to our clients. As of
March 31, 2010, more than 219 of our projects were completed
according to the Six Sigma and LEAN
methodologies and currently 97 projects are ongoing. We also apply other process re-engineering
methodologies to further improve our process delivery and undertake periodic audits of both our
information systems policy and implemented controls.
Our board of directors is primarily responsible for overseeing our risk management processes. The
board of directors receives and reviews periodic reports from the Head of Risk Management and Audit
as considered appropriate regarding our companys assessment of risks. The board of directors
focuses on the most significant risks facing our company and our companys general risk management
strategy, and also ensures that risks undertaken by our company are consistent with the Boards
appetite for risk.
Our risk management framework also focuses on two important elements: business continuity planning
and information security.
Our approach to business continuity planning involves implementation of an organization-wide
business continuity management framework which includes continual self-assessment, strategy
formulation, execution and review. Our business continuity strategy leverages our expanding network
of delivery centers for operational and technological risk mitigation in the event of a disaster.
To manage our business continuity planning program, we employ a dedicated team of experienced
professionals. A customized business continuity strategy is developed for key clients, depending on
their specific requirements. For mission-critical processes, operations are typically split across
multiple delivery centers in accordance with client-approved customized business continuity plans.
Our approach to information security involves implementation of an organization-wide information
security management system, which complies with the ISO 27001:2005 for optimal
implementation of systems to manage organizational information security risks. These standards seek
to ensure that sensitive company information remains secure. Currently, information security
systems at 11 delivery centers are ISO 27001:2005 certified, and we expect to seek similar
certifications in our other delivery centers. In addition, we comply with the Payment Card Industry
(PCI) Data Security Standard which is a multifaceted security standard aimed at helping companies
proactively protect cardholder data or sensitive authentication data through the adoption of 12
security requirements.
In addition, our clients may be governed by regulations specific to their industries or in the
jurisdictions where they operate or where their customers are domiciled or in their home
jurisdictions which may require them to comply with
Page 43
certain process-specific requirements. As we
serve a large number of clients globally and across various industries, we rely on our clients to
identify the process-specific compliance requirements and the measures that must be implemented in
order to comply with their regulatory obligations. We assist our clients to maintain and enforce
compliance in their business processes by implementing control and monitoring procedures and
providing training to our clients employees. The control and monitoring procedures defined by this
function are separate from and in addition to our periodic internal audits.
Human Capital
As of March 31, 2010, we had 21,958 employees, of which 19,642 are based in India, 1,268 are based
in the Philippines, 411 are based in the UK, 367 are based in Sri Lanka, 179 are based in Romania,
62 are based in the US, and 29 are based in Costa Rica. Most of our associates hold university
degrees. As of March 31, 2009 and 2008, we had 21,356 and 18,104 employees, respectively. Our
employees are not unionized. We believe that our employee relations are good. We focus heavily on
recruiting, training and retaining our employees.
Recruiting and Retention
We believe that we have developed effective human resource strategies and a strong track record in
recruiting. As part of our recruiting strategy, we encourage candidates to view joining our
organization as choosing a long-term career in the field of travel, BFSI or another specific
industry or service area. We use a combination of recruitment from college campuses and
professional institutes, via recruitment agencies, job portals, advertisements and walk-in
applications. In addition, a significant number of our applicants are referrals by existing
employees. We currently recruit an average of 885 employees per month.
During
fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, the attrition rate for our employees who have completed six months of
employment with us was 32%, 31% and 38%, respectively.
Training and Development
We devote significant resources to the training and development of our associates. Our training
typically covers modules in leadership and client processes, including the functional aspects of
client processes such as quality and transfer. Training for new associates may also include
behavioral and process training as well as culture, voice and accent training, as required by our
clients.
We have established the WNS Learning Academy where we offer specialized skills development, such as
leadership and management development, and behavioral programs as well as pre-process training that
includes voice and accent and customer service training, for new associates. The WNS Learning
Academy is staffed with over 55 full-time trainers and content designers. We customize our training
programs according to the nature of the clients business, the country in which the client operates
and the services the client requires. Further, the WNS Learning Academy has an in-house e-learning
unit which creates computer or web-based learning modules to support ongoing learning and
development.
Our significant effort on the learning and development of our supervisory, management and
leadership team is visible through focused learning initiatives targeted at employees with specific
job roles and based upon current and future business competency requirements. Since 2008, we have
implemented a structured five-day leadership program with a 60-90 day action learning project
focused on professional and leadership skills and process improvement for over 2,000 team leaders
and managers.
Since the launch of the Harvard Leadership and Management series programs, over 304 members of our
employees ranking Associate Vice President and above have enrolled to these programs. In addition
to this, we offer higher education opportunities through tie-ups with leading institutions such as
the Indian Institute of Management and the Symbiosis Institute of Business Management.
In 2009, the WNS Learning Academy launched Leader s Peak, a dual process approach with our leaders
within the organization, including our Group Chief Executive Officer, running developmental
workshops for senior teams on the
one hand and video-led Know Your Leader sessions at the associate and team leader level. Over
8,300 team members have witnessed Leader s Peak videos.
Page 44
In 2009, the WNS Learning Academy formed a core team aimed at providing an innovative approach to deal
with operational challenges on client projects. This is implemented through a series of project
based initiatives using coaching and process re-engineering techniques to impact client service
level agreements and business metrics such as client satisfaction scores and employee productivity.
Over 1,000 employees have been a part of such engagements in 2009. In addition to this, earlier
this year in 2010, we have created a customized engagement to facilitate senior members of our off
shore operations teams to identify and consolidate cross sell and up sell opportunities within
their existing client base.
Regulations
Due to the industry and geographic diversity of our operations and services, our operations are
subject to a variety of rules and regulations, and several federal and state agencies in India, Sri
Lanka, the Philippines, Europe and the US that regulate various aspects of our business. See Item
3. Key Information D. Risk Factors Risks Related to our Business Failure to adhere to the
regulations that govern our business could result in us being unable to effectively perform our
services. Failure to adhere to regulations that govern our clients businesses could result in
breaches of contract with our clients.
Regulation of our industry by the Indian government affects our business in several ways. We
benefit from certain tax incentives promulgated by the Indian government, including a tax holiday
from Indian corporate income taxes for the operation of most of our Indian facilities. The tax
holiday enjoyed by our delivery centers located in Bangalore, Chennai, Gurgaon, Mumbai, Nashik and
Pune will expire on April 1, 2011, except for the tax holiday enjoyed by three of our delivery
centers located in Mumbai, Nashik and Pune which expired on April 1, 2007, April 1, 2008 and April
1, 2009, respectively. As a result of these incentives, our operations have been subject to lower
Indian tax liabilities. In May 2007, the Indian Finance Act, 2007 was adopted, with the effect of
subjecting Indian companies that benefit from a holiday from Indian corporate income taxes to the
minimum alternate tax, or MAT. From fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2009, MAT was applied at the rate of
11.33% in the case of profits exceeding Rs. 10 million and 10.3% in the case of profits not
exceeding Rs. 10 million. The MAT has been increased (1) to the rate of 16.99% in the case of profits
exceeding Rs. 10 million and 15.45% in the case of profits not exceeding Rs. 10 million in fiscal
2010, and (2) to 19.93% in the case of profits exceeding Rs. 10 million and 18.54%
in the case of profits not exceeding Rs. 10 million in fiscal 2011. As a result of the adoption of
Indian Finance Act, 2007, we became subject to MAT and have been required to pay additional taxes
since fiscal 2008. To the extent MAT paid exceeds the actual tax payable on the taxable income; we
would be able to set off such MAT credits against tax payable in the succeeding ten years, subject
to the satisfaction of certain conditions. In addition to this tax holiday, our Indian subsidiaries
are also entitled to certain benefits under relevant state legislation/regulations. These benefits
include preferential allotment of land in industrial areas developed by the state agencies,
incentives for captive power generation, rebates and waivers in relation to payments for transfer
of property and registration (including for purchase or lease of premises) and commercial usage of
electricity.
Our Sri Lankan subsidiary, our joint venture company in the Philippines and our subsidiary in Costa
Rica also benefit from certain tax exemptions.
See Item 5. Operating and Financial Review and Prospects Critical Accounting Policies Income
Taxes and note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report
for more details regarding foreign currency translations.
Enforcement of Civil Liabilities
We are incorporated in Jersey, Channel Islands. Most of our directors and executive officers reside
outside of the US. Substantially all of the assets of these persons and substantially all of our
assets are located outside the US. As a result, it may not be possible for investors to effect
service of process on these persons or us within the US, or to enforce against these persons or us,
either inside or outside the US, a judgment obtained in a US court predicated upon the civil
liability provisions of the federal securities or other laws of the US or any state thereof. A
judgment of a US court is not directly enforceable in Jersey, but constitutes a cause of action
which will be enforced by Jersey courts provided that:
|
|
the court which pronounced the judgment has jurisdiction to entertain the case according to
the principles recognized by Jersey law with reference to the jurisdiction of the US courts; |
|
|
the judgment is given on the merits and is final and conclusive it cannot be
altered by the courts which pronounced it; |
Page 45
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|
there is payable pursuant to the judgment a sum of money, not being a sum payable in
respect of tax or other charges of a like nature or in respect of a fine or other penalty; |
|
|
the courts of the US have jurisdiction in the circumstances of the case; |
|
|
the judgment can be enforced by execution in the jurisdiction in which the judgment is
given; |
|
|
the person against whom the judgment is given does not benefit from immunity under the
principles of public international law; |
|
|
there is no earlier judgment in another court between the same parties on the same issues
as are dealt with in the judgment to be enforced; |
|
|
the judgment was not obtained by fraud, duress and was not based on a clear mistake of
fact; and |
|
|
the recognition and enforcement of the judgment is not contrary to public policy in Jersey,
including observance of the principles of natural justice which require that documents in the
US proceeding were properly served on the defendant and that the defendant was given the right
to be heard and represented by counsel in a free and fair trial before an impartial tribunal. |
It is the policy of Jersey courts to award compensation for the loss or damage actually sustained
by the person to whom the compensation is awarded. Although the award of punitive damages is
generally unknown to the Jersey legal system, there is no prohibition on them either by statute or
by customary law. Whether a judgment is contrary to public policy depends on the facts of each
case. Exorbitant, unconscionable, or excessive awards will generally be contrary to public policy.
Moreover, if a US court gives a judgment for multiple damages against a qualifying defendant, the
amount which may be payable by such defendant may be limited by virtue of the Protection of Trading
Interests Act 1980, an Act of the UK extended to Jersey by the Protection of Trading Interests Act
1980 (Jersey) Order, 1983, which provides that such qualifying defendant may be able to recover
such amount paid by it as represents the excess of such multiple damages over the sum assessed as
compensation by the court that gave the judgment. A qualifying defendant for these purposes is a
citizen of the UK and Colonies, a body corporate incorporated in the UK, Jersey or other territory
for whose international relations the United Kingdom is responsible or a person carrying on
business in Jersey.
Jersey courts cannot enter into the merits of the foreign judgment and cannot act as a court of
appeal or review over the foreign courts. It is doubtful whether an original action based on US
federal securities laws can be brought before Jersey courts. A plaintiff who is not resident in
Jersey may be required to provide security for costs in the event of proceedings being initiated in
Jersey.
There is uncertainty as to whether the courts of India would, and Mourant du Feu & Jeune, our
counsel as to Jersey law, have advised us that there is uncertainty as to whether the courts of
Jersey would:
|
|
recognize or enforce judgments of US courts obtained against us or our directors or
officers predicated upon the civil liability provisions of the securities laws of the US or
any state in the US; or |
|
|
entertain original actions brought in each respective jurisdiction against us or our
directors or officers predicated upon the federal securities laws of the US or any state in
the US. |
Section 44A of the Code of Civil Procedure, 1908 (India), or the Civil Code, as amended, provides
that where a foreign judgment has been rendered by a superior court in any country or territory
outside India which the Indian government has by notification declared to be a reciprocating
territory, such foreign judgment may be enforced in India by proceedings in execution as if the
judgment had been rendered by the relevant superior court in India. Section 44A of
the Civil Code is applicable only to monetary decrees not being in the nature of amounts payable in
respect of taxes or other charges of a similar nature or in respect of fines or other penalties and
does not include arbitration awards. The US has not been declared by the Indian government to be a
reciprocating territory for the purposes of Section 44A of the Civil Code.
A judgment of a foreign court may be enforced in India only by a suit upon the judgment, subject to
Section 13 of the Civil Code and not by proceedings in execution. This section, which is the
statutory basis for the recognition of foreign judgments, states that a foreign judgment is
conclusive as to any matter directly adjudicated upon except:
Page 46
|
|
where the judgment has not been pronounced by a court of competent jurisdiction; |
|
|
where the judgment has not been given on the merits of the case; |
|
|
where the judgment appears on the face of the proceedings to be founded on an incorrect
view of international law or a refusal to recognize the law of India in cases where such law
is applicable; |
|
|
where the proceedings in which the judgment was obtained were opposed to natural justice; |
|
|
where the judgment has been obtained by fraud; or |
|
|
where the judgment sustains a claim founded on a breach of any law in force in India. |
The suit must be brought in India within three years from the date of the judgment in the same
manner as any other suit filed to enforce a civil liability in India. Generally, there are
considerable delays in the disposal of suits by Indian courts. It is unlikely that a court in India
would award damages on the same basis as a foreign court if an action is brought in India.
Furthermore, it is unlikely that an Indian court would enforce foreign judgments if it viewed the
amount of damages awarded as excessive or inconsistent with Indian practice. A party seeking to
enforce a foreign judgment in India is required to obtain prior approval from the Reserve Bank of
India under the Indian Foreign Exchange Management Act, 1999, to repatriate any amount recovered
pursuant to such execution. Any judgment in a foreign currency would be converted into Indian
rupees on the date of judgment and not on the date of payment.
C. Organizational Structure
The following diagram illustrates our companys organizational structure and the place of
organization of each of our subsidiaries as of the date hereof. Unless otherwise indicated, each of
our subsidiary is 100% owned, directly or indirectly, by WNS (Holdings) Limited.
Page 47
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
WNS (Holdings) Limited made 99.99% capital contribution in WNS Global Services Netherlands
Cooperative U.A. (the Co-op). The remaining 0.01% capital contribution in the Co-op was made
by WNS North America, Inc., to satisfy the regulatory requirement to have a minimum of two
members. |
|
(2) |
|
All the shares except one share of WNS Mortgage Services Private Limited are held by WNS
North America, Inc. The remaining one share is held by a nominee shareholder on behalf of WNS
North America, Inc to satisfy the regulatory requirement to have a minimum of two
shareholders. |
|
(3) |
|
In August 2009, the following seven then Indian subsidiaries of WNS Global Services Private
Limited, or WNS Global, were merged into WNS Global through a Scheme of Amalgamation approved
by an order of the Bombay High Court passed in August 2009 pursuant to the Indian Companies
Act, 1956: Customer Operational Services (Chennai) Private Limited, Marketics Technologies
(India) Private Limited, Noida Customer Operations Private Limited, NTrance Customer Services
Private Limited, WNS Customer Solutions Private Limited, WNS Customer Solutions Shared
Services Private Limited and WNS Workflow Technologies (India) Private Limited. This Scheme of
Amalgamation became effective on August 27, 2009. In November 2009, WNS (Mauritius) Limited
transferred its shareholding in three of its then subsidiaries, First Offshoring Technologies
Private Limited, Servicesource Offshore Technologies Private Limited and Hi-Tech Offshoring
Services Private Limited, to WNS Global for a cash consideration of Rs. 23.06 million.
Thereafter, these three subsidiaries were merged into WNS Global through a Scheme of
Amalgamation approved by an order of the Bombay High Court passed in March 2010 pursuant to
the Indian Companies Act, 1956. This Scheme of Amalgamation became effective on March 31,
2010. |
|
(4) |
|
Formerly known as Flovate Technologies Limited. |
|
(5) |
|
Formerly known as Marketics, Inc. |
|
(6) |
|
WNS Philippines, Inc is a joint venture company set up between the Co-Op and Advanced Contact
Solutions, Inc., or ACS. ACS has assigned its rights and obligations under the joint venture
agreement in favor of its holding company Paxys Inc, Philippines. The Co-op has a 65%
ownership interest in WNS Philippines Inc. |
|
(7) |
|
Formerly known as Call 24-7 Limited. |
|
(8) |
|
Formerly known as Aviva Global Services Singapore Pte. Ltd., or Aviva Global. |
D. Property, Plant and Equipment
As of May 31, 2010, we have an installed capacity of 16,039 workstations, or seats, that can
operate on an uninterrupted 24/7 basis and can be staffed on a three-shift per day basis. The
majority of our properties are leased by us, as described in the table below, and most of our
leases are renewable at our option. The following table describes each of our delivery centers and
sales offices, including centers under construction, and sets forth our lease expiration dates:
|
|
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|
|
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|
|
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|
Total Space |
|
Total Number of |
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|
|
Location |
|
(square feet) |
|
Workstations/Seats |
|
Lease Expiration |
|
Extendable Until(1) |
Mumbai |
|
|
362,391 |
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|
|
2,844 |
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|
|
|
|
|
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Plant 10 |
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|
|
|
February 15, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
Plant 11 (old) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 31, 2010/ |
|
February 28, 2013/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 31, 2011 |
|
October 31, 2013 |
Plant 11 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 23, 2011 |
|
July 23, 2014 |
Plant 5 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
November 30, 2012 |
|
August 31, 2015 |
Airoli(2) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 31, 2019 |
|
|
N/A |
Gurgaon |
|
|
293,051 |
|
|
|
2,107 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Towers A & B |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
April 30, 2014 |
|
|
N/A/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 31, 2014 |
|
|
N/A |
Tower C |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 30, 2010 |
|
March 31, 2015 |
DLF Building 6(3) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 15, 2012/ |
|
September 15, 2017/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2012/ |
|
October 31, 2017/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
August 31, 2013 |
|
August 31, 2018 |
Page 48
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total Space |
|
Total Number of |
|
|
|
|
Location |
|
(square feet) |
|
Workstations/Seats |
|
Lease Expiration |
|
Extendable Until(1) |
Pune |
|
|
584,364 |
|
|
|
5,378 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sofotel(4) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
Magarpatta (5) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
N/A |
|
|
N/A |
Weikfield(6) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
February 14, 2014/ |
|
February 14, 2018/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
April 30, 2014/ |
|
April 30, 2018/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 14, 2014 |
|
June 14, 2018 |
Nashik |
|
|
88,356 |
|
|
|
987 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Shreeniketan |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 30, 2010 |
|
|
N/A |
Vascon (7) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 14, 2013 |
|
|
N/A |
Bangalore |
|
|
191,890 |
|
|
|
2,005 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMZ Continental |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
June 14, 2010/ |
|
June 14, 2025/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2010/ |
|
October 31, 2025/ |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 5, 2010 |
|
May 5, 2025 |
Chennai |
|
|
82,905 |
|
|
|
762 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RMZ Millenia |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
March 31, 2012 |
|
August 31, 2048 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Sri Lanka: |
|
|
33,124 |
|
|
|
400 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Colombo (HNB) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
July 31, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
UK: |
|
|
26,816 |
|
|
|
424 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Ipswich WNSA |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
August 26, 2012 |
|
|
N/A |
Ipswich(SFH)-WNSA(8) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 31, 2009 |
|
|
N/A |
Ipswich-WNSWT |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
August 26, 2012 |
|
|
N/A |
Marple-Call-24-7 (9) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
April 3, 2013 |
|
|
N/A |
The LodgeWNS UK Sales |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 21, 2014 |
|
|
N/A |
BizAps Chiswick High Road |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
US: |
|
|
3,620 |
|
|
|
7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
New York |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
May 31, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
BizAps (10) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
January 31, 2010 |
|
|
N/A |
Romania: |
|
|
26,748 |
|
|
|
155 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Bucharest |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2012 |
|
See footnote no. 11 |
The Philippines: |
|
|
38,102 |
|
|
|
855 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Superstone |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
December 31, 2010 |
|
|
N/A |
Eastwood |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
August 31, 2015 |
|
August 31, 2018 |
Costa Rica |
|
|
11,603 |
|
|
|
115 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
San Jose |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
September 15, 2011 |
|
|
N/A |
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
N/A means not applicable. |
|
(1) |
|
Reflects the expiration date if each of our applicable extension options are exercised. |
|
(2) |
|
We expect to commence interior fit out works during the first quarter of fiscal 2011 and
expect to move into these office premises over a period of 18 months commencing in the first
quarter of fiscal 2011. |
|
(3) |
|
We completed interior fit out works in a portion of these premises in fiscal 2010 and have
started operations. We expect to carry out interior fit out works on the balance of these
premises in fiscal 2011. |
|
(4) |
|
On March 31, 2010, we gave notice to the lessor, informing
him that we do not intend to extend the term of the lease beyond March 31, 2011. |
|
(5) |
|
We own these premises. |
|
(6) |
|
We have completed interior fit out works in five floors and started operations in this
premises. We expect to commence interior fit out works in the balance three floors of these
premises during the first half of fiscal 2011 and expect to move into the premises over a
period of 18 months. |
|
(7) |
|
The operations at our prior Unity delivery center was transferred to our new facility at
Vascon, Nashik in fiscal 2010 and we handed over the Unity premises back to the landlord. We
expect to carry out the interior fit out works in the balance portion of Vascon premises in
fiscal 2011. |
Page 49
|
|
|
(8) |
|
Renewal is in progress and expected to be completed by June 2010. |
|
(9) |
|
On February 1, 2010, we gave notice to terminate the Marple lease with effect from August 6,
2010. We are also in negotiations to lease a new premise. |
|
(10) |
|
Renewal discussions are in progress. |
|
(11) |
|
No option to renew unless mutually agreed by the parties in writing. |
Our delivery centers are equipped with fiber optic connectivity and have backups to their power
supply designed to achieve uninterrupted operations.
In order to streamline our operations and to increase seat utilization, in fiscal 2009 and fiscal
2010, we closed our delivery centers in Raheja, Mumbai, Marisoft, Pune, and Prestige Garnet,
Bangalore, and terminated the leases in respect of a portion of the premises at Panschil Level 2,
Pune, RMZ Millenia, Chennai, and Unity Plaza, Nashik. The production capacities at these locations
have been consolidated with other premises available at our company. In fiscal 2011, we intend to
establish additional delivery centers, as well as continue to streamline our operations by further
consolidating production capacities in our delivery centers.
ITEM 4 A. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS
None.
ITEM 5. OPERATING AND FINANCIAL REVIEW AND PROSPECTS
The following discussion on the financial condition and results of operations of our company should
be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes included
elsewhere in this annual report. Some of the statements in the following discussion contain
forward-looking statements that involve risks and uncertainties. See Special Note Regarding
Forward-Looking Statements. Our actual results could differ materially from those anticipated in
these forward-looking statements as a result of a number of factors, including, but not limited to,
those described below and elsewhere in this annual report, particularly in the risk factors
described in Item 3 . Key Information D. Risk Factors.
Restatement of our Consolidated Financial Statements
(Amounts
in thousands except per share data, unless otherwise indicated)
On April 22, 2010, we announced that we have, in consultation with our audit committee, concluded
that corrections to our prior accounting treatment for referral fees earned from garages, and
revenue and costs on completed but unbilled repairs, in our Auto Claims BPO segment (our auto
claims business) are required.
As background, we provide our clients (insurance companies) automobile accident management
services, where we arrange for the repairs of damaged cars. We pay the repair center for all
repair services and invoice the client for the amount of the repair. When we direct a vehicle to a
specific repair center, we receive a referral fee from that repair center. In a majority of cases,
the referral fees from repair centers are passed on to the client. In the past, we had recognized
the referral fees from repair centers and the repair payments from clients, net of the amount of
referral fees that are passed back to clients, as revenue, and had recognized the payments to the
repair centers as cost of revenue. We have determined that we should not include the referral fees
from repair centers within revenue, and should instead subtract them from the costs of revenue
for our auto claims business. We had also previously not recognized as revenue the amount of
completed but unbilled repairs due from clients and similarly not recognized the corresponding
costs of these repairs as cost of revenue. We had recorded the repair costs and related revenue
only upon receipt of an invoice from the repair center. We have concluded that we should recognize
as revenue the amount of completed but unbilled repairs due from clients and similarly recognize
the corresponding costs of these repairs as costs of revenue.
As a result of the foregoing, we have restated our previously issued financial statements for
fiscal 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006 and for the first, second and third quarters of fiscal 2010 and
each of the quarters of fiscal 2009. The restatement adjustments resulted in a cumulative net
increase to previously reported equity of
approximately $130, $68, $119 and $165 as
of March 31, 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively, and an increase (decrease) in previously reported net income by
$104, $(53), $(66) and $(114) for fiscal 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The restatement
also had the effect of reducing previously reported revenue by $18.4 million, $21.8 million, $6.9 million and $7.4
million and cost of revenue by $18.5 million, $21.8 million, $6.8 million and $7.2 million for
fiscal 2009, 2008, 2007 and 2006, respectively. The cumulative impact of similar adjustments on
retained earnings related to periods prior to April 1, 2005 amounting to $286 was recorded as a
prior period adjustment in the statement of equity.
Page 50
Tables setting forth the effects of the restatement adjustments relating to the aforementioned
accounting of referral fees and revenue and cost of completed but unbilled repairs as revenue and
cost of revenue, respectively, on affected line items in our
consolidated statement of income, of
equity and comprehensive income and of cash flows for fiscal 2009
and 2008 and consolidated balance sheet as of March 2009 are presented in note 2 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in
this annual report. Tables setting forth the effects of such restatement adjustments on affected
line items in our consolidated statement of income for fiscal 2007 and 2006, and for each of the first, second
and third quarters of fiscal 2010 and for each of the quarters of fiscal 2009 are presented below. The earnings per share information
under the As restated column for the first, second and third quarters of fiscal
2010 presented below also reflects adjustments to give effect to the change in
the carrying amount of redeemable noncontrolling interest resulting from the
application of ASC 480-10 Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity
(refer to note 21 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report).
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended December 31, 2009 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
149,114 |
|
|
|
(3,274 |
) |
|
$ |
145,840 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
113,956 |
|
|
|
(3,211 |
) |
|
|
110,745 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
35,158 |
|
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
35,095 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
6,486 |
|
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
6,423 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Income (loss) before income taxes |
|
|
33 |
|
|
|
(63 |
) |
|
|
(30 |
) |
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
64 |
|
|
|
(18 |
) |
|
|
46 |
|
Net loss |
|
|
(31 |
) |
|
|
(45 |
) |
|
|
(76 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
343 |
|
|
|
(45 |
) |
|
$ |
298 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended September 30, 2009 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
153,047 |
|
|
$ |
(7,070 |
) |
|
$ |
145,977 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
116,139 |
|
|
|
(7,064 |
) |
|
|
109,075 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
36,908 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
36,902 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
6,729 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
6,723 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
1,226 |
|
|
|
(6 |
) |
|
|
1,220 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
(2 |
) |
|
|
225 |
|
Net income |
|
|
999 |
|
|
|
(4 |
) |
|
|
995 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
1,355 |
|
|
$ |
(4 |
) |
|
$ |
1,351 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.03 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.03 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2009 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
136,695 |
|
|
$ |
(3,602 |
) |
|
$ |
133,093 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
99,509 |
|
|
|
(3,561 |
) |
|
|
95,948 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
37,186 |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
37,145 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
8,220 |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
8,179 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
1,280 |
|
|
|
(41 |
) |
|
|
1,239 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
327 |
|
|
|
(12 |
) |
|
|
315 |
|
Net income |
|
|
953 |
|
|
|
(30 |
) |
|
|
923 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
1,067 |
|
|
$ |
(30 |
) |
|
$ |
1,037 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.02 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2009 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
132,513 |
|
|
$ |
(6,080 |
) |
|
$ |
126,433 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
99,887 |
|
|
|
(6,209 |
) |
|
|
93,678 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
32,626 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
32,755 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
7,495 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
7,624 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
3,297 |
|
|
|
129 |
|
|
|
3,426 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
958 |
|
|
|
36 |
|
|
|
994 |
|
Net income |
|
|
2,339 |
|
|
|
93 |
|
|
|
2,432 |
|
Page 51
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended March 31, 2009 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
2,446 |
|
|
$ |
93 |
|
|
$ |
2,539 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.06 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended December 31, 2008 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
134,010 |
|
|
$ |
(3,087 |
) |
|
$ |
130,923 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
97,030 |
|
|
|
(2,937 |
) |
|
|
94,093 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
36,980 |
|
|
|
(149 |
) |
|
|
36,831 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
10,659 |
|
|
|
(149 |
) |
|
|
10,510 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
2,591 |
|
|
|
(149 |
) |
|
|
2,442 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
705 |
|
|
|
(42 |
) |
|
|
663 |
|
Net income |
|
|
1,886 |
|
|
|
(108 |
) |
|
|
1,778 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
2,066 |
|
|
$ |
(108 |
) |
|
$ |
1,958 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.05 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended September 30, 2008 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
149,797 |
|
|
$ |
(5,032 |
) |
|
$ |
144,765 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
114,912 |
|
|
|
(5137 |
) |
|
|
109,775 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
34,885 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
34,990 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
5,569 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
5,674 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
2,074 |
|
|
|
105 |
|
|
|
2,179 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
1,847 |
|
|
|
29 |
|
|
|
1,876 |
|
Net income |
|
|
227 |
|
|
|
75 |
|
|
|
302 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
227 |
|
|
$ |
75 |
|
|
$ |
302 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.01 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Quarter ended June 30, 2008 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
122,944 |
|
|
$ |
(4,164 |
) |
|
$ |
118,780 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
98,487 |
|
|
|
(4,224 |
) |
|
|
94,263 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
24,457 |
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
24,518 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
4,791 |
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
4,852 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
3,131 |
|
|
|
61 |
|
|
|
3,192 |
|
Benefit for income taxes |
|
|
(208 |
) |
|
|
17 |
|
|
|
(191 |
) |
Net income |
|
|
3,339 |
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
|
3,383 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
3,339 |
|
|
$ |
44 |
|
|
$ |
3,383 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.08 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended March 31, 2007 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
352,286 |
|
|
$ |
(6,906 |
) |
|
$ |
345,380 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
271,174 |
|
|
|
(6,812 |
) |
|
|
264,362 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
81,112 |
|
|
|
(94 |
) |
|
|
81,018 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
26,755 |
|
|
|
(94 |
) |
|
|
26,661 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
29,155 |
|
|
|
(94 |
) |
|
|
29,061 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
2,574 |
|
|
|
(28 |
) |
|
|
2,546 |
|
Net income |
|
|
26,581 |
|
|
|
(66 |
) |
|
|
26,515 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
26,581 |
|
|
$ |
(66 |
) |
|
$ |
26,515 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.69 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.65 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.64 |
|
Page 52
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year ended March 31, 2006 |
|
|
As previously |
|
|
|
|
|
|
reported |
|
Adjustments |
|
As restated |
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
Consolidated Statement of Income impact |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
$ |
202,809 |
|
|
$ |
(7,356 |
) |
|
$ |
195.453 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
145,730 |
|
|
|
(7,194 |
) |
|
|
138,536 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
57,079 |
|
|
|
(162 |
) |
|
|
56,917 |
|
Operating income |
|
|
19,876 |
|
|
|
(162 |
) |
|
|
19,714 |
|
Income before income taxes |
|
|
19,903 |
|
|
|
(162 |
) |
|
|
19,741 |
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
1,574 |
|
|
|
(49 |
) |
|
|
1,525 |
|
Net income |
|
|
18,329 |
|
|
|
(114 |
) |
|
|
18,215 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS (Holdings) Limited
shareholders |
|
$ |
18,329 |
|
|
$ |
(114 |
) |
|
$ |
18,215 |
|
Earnings per share of ordinary share |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Basic |
|
$ |
0.56 |
|
|
$ |
(0.01 |
) |
|
$ |
0.55 |
|
Diluted |
|
$ |
0.52 |
|
|
$ |
0.00 |
|
|
$ |
0.52 |
|
Overview
We are a leading provider of offshore business process outsourcing, or BPO, services. We provide
comprehensive data, voice and analytical services to our clients, which are typically companies
located in Europe, North America and Asia pacific regions. As of March 31, 2010, we had 21,958
employees across all our delivery centers. According to NASSCOM, we have been among the top two
India-based offshore business process outsourcing companies in terms of export revenue since 2004.
Although we typically enter into long-term contractual arrangements with our clients, these
contracts can usually be terminated with or without cause by our clients and often with short
notice periods. Nevertheless, our client relationships tend to be long-term in nature given the
scale and complexity of the services we provide coupled with risks and costs associated with
switching processes in-house or to other service providers. We structure each contract to meet our
clients specific business requirements and our target rate of return over the life of the
contract. In addition, since the sales cycle for offshore business process outsourcing is long and
complex, it is often difficult to predict the timing of new client engagements. As a result, we may
experience fluctuations in growth rates and profitability from quarter to quarter, depending on the
timing and nature of new contracts. Our focus, however, is on deepening our client relationships
and maximizing shareholder value over the life of a clients relationship with us.
Our revenue is generated primarily from providing business process outsourcing services. We have
two reportable segments for financial statement reporting purposes WNS Global BPO and WNS Auto
Claims BPO. In our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment, we provide both fault and non-fault repairs.
For fault repairs, we provide claims handling and accident management services, where we arrange
for automobile repairs through a network of third party repair centers. In our accident management
services, we act as the principal in our dealings with the third party repair centers and our
clients. The amounts we invoice to our clients for payments made by us to third party repair
centers is reported as revenue. Since we wholly subcontract the repairs to the repair centers, we
evaluate our financial performance based on revenue less repair payments to third party repair
centers which is a non-GAAP measure. We believe that revenue less repair payments for fault
repairs reflects more accurately the value addition of the business process outsourcing services
that we directly provide to our clients. For non-fault repairs, revenue including repair payments
is used as a primary measure to allocate resources and measure operating performance. As we provide
a consolidated suite of accident management services including credit hire and credit repair for
our non-fault repairs business, we believe that measurement of that line of business has to be on
a basis that includes repair payments in revenue. Revenue less repair payments is a non-GAAP
measure which is calculated as revenue less payments to repair centers. The presentation of this
non-GAAP information is not meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our
financial results prepared in accordance with US GAAP. Our revenue less repair payments may not be
comparable to similarly titled measures reported by other companies due to potential differences in
the method of calculation.
Between fiscal 2008 and fiscal 2010, our revenue grew from $438.0 million to $582.5 million,
representing a compound annual growth rate of 15.3%, and our revenue less repair payments grew from
$290.6 million to $390.5 million, representing a compound annual growth rate of 15.9%. During this
period, we grew both organically and through acquisitions.
The following table reconciles our revenue (a GAAP measure) to revenue less repair payments (a
non-GAAP measure) for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
For the Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 (Restated) |
|
2008 (Restated) |
|
|
(US dollars in millions) |
Revenue |
|
$ |
582.5 |
|
|
$ |
520.9 |
|
|
$ |
438.0 |
|
Less: Payments to repair centers |
|
|
192.0 |
|
|
|
135.9 |
|
|
|
147.4 |
|
Revenue less repair payments |
|
$ |
390.5 |
|
|
$ |
385.0 |
|
|
$ |
290.6 |
|
Global Economic Conditions
In the United States, Europe and Asia, market and economic conditions have been challenging with
tighter credit conditions and slower growth during fiscal 2010 and continuing into fiscal 2011. In
fiscal 2010 and continuing into fiscal 2011, continued concerns about the systemic impact of
inflation, energy costs, geopolitical issues, the availability and cost of credit, the mortgage
market and a declining real estate market have contributed to increased market volatility and
diminished expectations for the economy globally. These conditions, combined with volatile oil
prices, declining business and consumer confidence and increased unemployment have, in fiscal 2010
and continuing into fiscal 2011, contributed to extreme volatility.
Page 53
These economic conditions may affect our business in a number of ways. The general level of
economic activity, such as decreases in business and consumer spending, could result in a decrease
in demand for our services, thus reducing our revenue. The cost and availability of credit has been
and may continue to be adversely affected by illiquid credit markets and wider credit spreads.
Continued turbulence in the US and international markets and economies may adversely affect our
liquidity and financial condition, and the liquidity and financial condition of our customers. If
these market conditions continue, they may limit our ability to access financing or increase our
cost of financing to meet liquidity needs, and affect the ability of our customers to use credit to
purchase our services or to make timely payments to us, resulting in adverse effects on our
financial condition and results of operations. Furthermore, a weakening of the rate of exchange for
the US dollar or the pound sterling (in which our revenue is principally denominated) against the
Indian rupee (in which a significant portion of our costs are denominated) also adversely affects
our results. Fluctuations between the pound sterling or the Indian rupee and the US dollar also
expose us to translation risk when transactions denominated in pound sterling or Indian rupees are
translated to US dollars, our reporting currency. For example, the average pound sterling/US dollar
exchange rate for fiscal 2010 depreciated 7.2% as compared to the average exchange rate for fiscal
2009, which adversely impacted our results of operations. Uncertainty about current global economic
conditions could also continue to increase the volatility of our share price. We cannot predict the
timing or duration of the economic slowdown or the timing or strength of a subsequent economic
recovery generally or in our targeted industries, including the travel and leisure, and insurance
industries. If macroeconomic conditions worsens or the current global economic condition continues
for a prolonged period of time, we are not able to predict the impact such worsening conditions
will have on our targeted industries in general, and our results of operations specifically.
Our History and Milestones
We began operations as an in-house unit of British Airways in 1996, and became a focused
third-party business process outsourcing service provider in fiscal 2003. The following are the key
milestones in our operating history since Warburg Pincus acquired a controlling stake in our
company from British Airways in May 2002 and inducted a new senior management team:
|
|
In fiscal 2003, we acquired Town & Country Assistance Limited (which we subsequently
rebranded as WNS Assistance and which is part of WNS Auto Claims BPO, our reportable
segment for financial statement purposes), a UK-based automobile claims handling
company, thereby extending our service portfolio beyond the travel and leisure
industry to include insurance-based automobile claims processing. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2003, we invested in capabilities to begin providing enterprise services,
and research and analytics services to address the requirements of emerging industry
segments in the offshore outsourcing context. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2003 and 2004, we invested in our infrastructure to expand our service
portfolio from data-oriented processing to include complex voice and blended
data/voice service capabilities, and commenced offering comprehensive processes in
the travel and leisure, and banking, financial services and insurance, or BFSI,
industries. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2004, we acquired the health claims management business of Greensnow Inc. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2005, we opened facilities in Gurgaon, India, and Colombo, Sri Lanka,
thereby expanding our operating footprints across India, Sri Lanka and the UK. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2006, we acquired Trinity Partners (which we subsequently merged into our
subsidiary, WNS North America, Inc.), a provider of business process outsourcing
services to financial institutions, focusing on mortgage banking. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2007, we expanded our facilities in Pune, Gurgaon and Mumbai. |
|
|
|
In fiscal 2007, we acquired the fare audit services business of PRG Airlines and the
financial accounting business of GHS. |
|
|
|
In May 2007, we acquired Marketics, a provider of offshore analytics services. |
|
|
|
In June 2007, we acquired Flovate, a company engaged in the development and
maintenance of software products and solutions, which we subsequently renamed as WNS
Workflow Technologies Limited. |
|
|
|
In July 2007, we completed the transfer of our delivery center in Sri Lanka to Aviva Global. |
Page 54
|
|
In January 2008, we launched a 133-seat facility in Bucharest, Romania. |
|
|
|
In April 2008, we opened a facility in Manila, the Philippines. |
|
|
|
In April 2008, we acquired Chang Limited, an auto insurance claims processing
services provider in the UK through its wholly-owned subsidiary, Call 24-7. |
|
|
|
In June 2008, we acquired BizAps, a provider of SAP solutions to optimize the
enterprise resource planning functionality for our finance and accounting processes. |
|
|
|
In July 2008, we entered into the transaction with AVIVA consisting of (1) a share
sale and purchase agreement pursuant to which we acquired from AVIVA all the shares
of Aviva Global and (2) the AVIVA master services agreement pursuant to which we are
providing BPO services to AVIVAs UK and Canadian businesses, as described under
Revenue Our Contracts. |
|
|
|
In November 2009, we opened a facility in San Jose, Costa Rica. |
|
|
|
In January 2010, we expanded our facility in Manila, the Philippines. |
As a result of these acquisitions and other corporate developments, our financial results in
corresponding periods may not be directly comparable.
Revenue
We generate revenue by providing business process outsourcing services to our clients. In fiscal
2010, our revenue was $582.5 million as compared to $520.9 million in fiscal 2009, representing an
increase of 11.8%. In fiscal 2010, our revenue less repair payments was $390.5 million as compared
to $385.0 million in fiscal 2009, representing an increase of 1.4%.
We believe that we have been successful in achieving revenue growth due to a number of factors,
including our understanding of our clients industries, our focus on operational excellence and our
world-class management team with significant experience in the global outsourcing industry. We have
been successful in adding new clients who are diversified across industries and geographies to our
existing large client base. Our client base grew from 14 clients in May 2002 to more than 225
clients as of March 31, 2010 (for our definition of significant clients, see Item 4. Information
on the Company B. Business Overview Clients). In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, we added 10, 20
and 45 significant clients, respectively.
Our revenue is characterized by client, industry and geographic diversity, as the analysis below
indicates.
Revenue by Top Clients
Since the time of the Warburg Pincus investment in our company, we have increased our client base
and significantly reduced our client concentration. Prior to this investment, our largest client
contributed over 90% of our revenue. In
comparison, during fiscal 2010, our largest client contributed 15.5% of our revenue and 23.1% of
our revenue less repair payments.
The following table sets forth the percentage of revenue and revenue less repair payments that we
derived from our largest clients for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
Revenue Less Repair Payments |
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
|
2010 |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
2010 |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
Top five clients |
|
|
53.0 |
% |
|
|
53.4 |
% |
|
|
56.0 |
% |
|
|
45.1 |
% |
|
|
46.3 |
% |
|
|
42.2 |
% |
Top ten clients |
|
|
64.8 |
% |
|
|
67.3 |
% |
|
|
67.5 |
% |
|
|
58.2 |
% |
|
|
60.7 |
% |
|
|
56.0 |
% |
Top 20 clients |
|
|
76.5 |
% |
|
|
77.9 |
% |
|
|
77.5 |
% |
|
|
73.5 |
% |
|
|
74.2 |
% |
|
|
70.8 |
% |
Page 55
In fiscal
2010, our three largest clients individually accounted for 15.5%,
13.4% and 12.6%, respectively, of our revenue as compared to 15.5%,
15.3% and 11.0% respectively, in fiscal 2009.
Revenue
by Industry
For financial statement reporting purposes, we aggregate several of our operating segments, except
for WNS Auto Claims BPO (which we market under the WNS Assistance brand) as it does not meet the
aggregation criteria under US GAAP. See Results by Reportable Segment.
To achieve in-depth domain expertise and provide industry-specific services to our clients, we
organize our business delivery along industry-focused business units. These business units seek to
leverage our domain expertise to deliver industry-specific services to our clients. Accordingly,
our industry-focused business units are:
|
|
travel and leisure; |
|
|
|
BFSI (which includes our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment); |
|
|
|
emerging businesses (which serves the consumer products,
retail, professional services, pharmaceutical, and media
and entertainment industries using core service
capabilities provided by our finance and accounting
services, and research and analytics services
capabilities); and |
|
|
|
industrial and infrastructure which was spun off from
emerging businesses to become a separate business unit in
April 2008. |
Certain services that we provide our clients are subject to the
seasonality of our clients business. Accordingly, we see an increase in transaction related services within the travel
and leisure industry during holiday seasons, such as during the US summer holidays (our fiscal second quarter) and calendar
year end holidays (our fiscal third quarter); an increase in business
in the insurance industry during the beginning and end of
the fiscal year (our fiscal first and last quarters) and during the US peak winter season (our fiscal third quarter); and an increase
in business in the consumer product-industry during the US festive season
towards the end of the calendar year when new product launches and
campaigns typically happen (our fiscal third quarter).
In May 2002, when Warburg Pincus acquired a majority stake in our business, we were primarily
providing business process outsourcing services to airlines. Since then we have expanded our
service portfolio across the travel and leisure industry and have also established significant
operations in BFSI and other industries, which we include in our emerging businesses business unit.
Our revenue and revenue less repair payments are diversified along these business units in the
proportions and for the periods set forth in the table below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
Revenue Less Repair Payments |
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
Year Ended March 31, |
Business Units |
|
2010 |
|
2009 (Restated) |
|
2008 (Restated) |
|
2010 |
|
2009 (Restated) |
|
2008 (Restated) |
Travel and leisure |
|
|
16.3 |
% |
|
|
19.6 |
% |
|
|
23.6 |
% |
|
|
24.3 |
% |
|
|
26.5 |
% |
|
|
35.6 |
% |
BFSI |
|
|
65.4 |
% |
|
|
62.6 |
% |
|
|
55.3 |
% |
|
|
48.4 |
% |
|
|
49.5 |
% |
|
|
32.7 |
% |
Industrial and
infrastructure
(1) |
|
|
7.6 |
% |
|
|
6.9 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
11.4 |
% |
|
|
9.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Emerging businesses |
|
|
10.7 |
% |
|
|
10.9 |
% |
|
|
21.1 |
% |
|
|
15.9 |
% |
|
|
14.7 |
% |
|
|
31.7 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: |
|
(1) |
|
Established as a separate business unit in April 2008, prior to which, it was part of our emerging businesses unit. |
Revenue by Geography
The majority of our clients are located in Europe (primarily the UK) and North America (primarily
the US). The share of our revenue from the UK increased to 58.2% in fiscal 2010 from 55.9% in
fiscal 2009 due primarily to an increase in
Page 56
business from existing clients in our auto claims
business. The share of our revenue less repair payments from the UK decreased to 55.2% in fiscal
2010 from 58.2% in fiscal 2009 primarily due to the adverse exchange rate movement of pound
sterling to US dollar by an average of 7.2% in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. Since the
time of the Warburg Pincus investment in our company in fiscal 2003, we have invested in
establishing a sales and marketing presence in North America, which has resulted in our revenue
less repair payments coming from North America representing a significant portion of our revenue
less repair payments.
The following table sets forth the composition of our revenue and revenue less repair payments
based on the location of our clients in our key geographies for the periods indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
Revenue Less Repair Payments |
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 (Restated) |
|
2008 (Restated) |
|
2010 |
|
2009 (Restated) |
|
2008 (Restated) |
UK |
|
|
58.2 |
% |
|
|
55.9 |
% |
|
|
49.5 |
% |
|
|
55.2 |
% |
|
|
58.2 |
% |
|
|
50.3 |
% |
Europe (excluding the UK) |
|
|
16.7 |
% |
|
|
18.8 |
% |
|
|
23.8 |
% |
|
|
7.4 |
% |
|
|
7.5 |
% |
|
|
9.4 |
% |
North America (primarily the US) |
|
|
24.5 |
% |
|
|
25.0 |
% |
|
|
26.0 |
% |
|
|
36.5 |
% |
|
|
33.9 |
% |
|
|
39.1 |
% |
Rest of World |
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
0.9 |
% |
|
|
0.4 |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
Total |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Our Contracts
We provide our services under contracts with our clients, the majority of which have terms ranging
between three and eight years, with some being rolling contracts with no end dates. Typically,
these contracts can be terminated by our clients with or without cause and with notice periods
ranging from three to six months. However, we tend to have long-term relationships with our clients
given the complex and comprehensive nature of the business processes executed by us, coupled with
the switching costs and risks associated with relocating these processes in-house or to other
service providers.
Each client contract has different terms and conditions based on the scope of services to be
delivered and the requirements of that client. Occasionally, we may incur significant costs on
certain contracts in the early stages of implementation, with the expectation that these costs will
be recouped over the life of the contract to achieve our targeted returns. Each client contract has
corresponding service level agreements that define certain operational metrics based on which our
performance is measured. Some of our contracts specify penalties or damages payable by us in the
event of failure to meet certain key service level standards within an agreed upon time frame.
When we are engaged by a client, we typically transfer that clients processes to our delivery
centers over a two to six month period. This transfer process is subject to a number of potential
delays. Therefore, we may not recognize significant revenue until several months after commencing a
client engagement.
In the WNS Global BPO segment, we charge for our services primarily based on three pricing models
per full-time-equivalent; per transaction; or cost-plus as follows:
|
|
per full-time-equivalent arrangements typically involve
billings based on the number of full-time employees (or
equivalent) deployed on the execution of the business
process outsourced; |
|
|
|
per transaction arrangements typically involve billings
based on the number of transactions processed (such as
the number of e-mail responses, or airline coupons or
insurance claims processed); and |
|
|
|
cost-plus arrangements typically involve billing the
contractually agreed direct and indirect costs and a fee
based on the number of employees deployed under the
arrangement.
|
Apart from the above-mentioned three primary pricing methods, a
small portion of our revenue is comprised of
reimbursements of out-of-pocket expenses incurred by us
in providing services to our clients.
Our prior contracts with a major client, AVIVA, granted Aviva Global the option to require us to
transfer our facilities at Sri Lanka and Pune to Aviva Global. The Sri Lanka facility was
transferred at book value and did not result in a material gain or loss, although we lost the
revenue generated by the facility upon our transfer of the facility to Aviva Global. With the
transaction that we entered into with AVIVA in July 2008 described below, we have, through the
acquisition of Aviva Global, resumed control of the Sri Lanka facility and we have continued to
retain ownership of
Page 57
the Pune facility and we expect these facilities to continue to generate revenue for us under the
AVIVA master services agreement described below. However we may in the future enter into contracts
with other clients with similar call options that may result in the loss of revenue that may have a
material impact on our business, results of operations, financial condition and cash flows,
particularly during the quarter in which the option takes effect.
In July 2008, we entered into a transaction with AVIVA consisting of a share sale and purchase
agreement with AVIVA and a master services agreement with AVIVA MS. Pursuant to the share sale and
purchase agreement with AVIVA, we acquired all the shares of Aviva Global in July 2008. With our
acquisition of Aviva Global, we have resumed control of the Sri Lanka facility that we had
transferred to Aviva Global in July 2007 (as described above) as well as acquired Aviva Globals Bangalore facilities. Further, the Pune facility has remained with us. In addition,
through our acquisition of Aviva Globals, we acquired two facilities in Chennai and Pune
which were operated by third party BPO providers for Aviva Global under similar build-operate-transfer, or BOT, contracts.
Following our acquisition of Aviva Global, we renamed Aviva Global as WNS Customer Solutions
(Singapore) Private Limited, or WNS Global Singapore. WNS Global Singapore exercised its option to
require the third party BPO providers to transfer these facilities to WNS Global Singapore. The
completion of the transfers of the Chennai and Pune facilities to WNS Global Singapore occurred in
July and August 2008, respectively. See Liquidity and Capital Resources for details on the
purchase price paid to AVIVA for the AVIVA transaction.
Pursuant to the master services agreement with AVIVA MS, or the AVIVA master services agreement, we
have agreed to provide BPO services to AVIVAs UK and Canadian businesses for a term of eight years
and four months. Under the terms of the agreement, we have agreed to provide a comprehensive
spectrum of life and general insurance processing functions to AVIVA, including policy
administration and settlement, along with finance and accounting, customer care and other support
services. In addition, we have the exclusive right to provide certain services such as finance and
accounting, insurance back-office, customer interaction and analytics services to AVIVAs UK and
Canadian businesses for the first five years, subject to the rights and obligations of the AVIVA
group under their existing contracts with other providers. In March 2009, we entered into a
variation deed to the AVIVA master services agreement pursuant to which we commenced provision of
services to AVIVAs Irish subsidiary, Hibernian Aviva Direct Limited, and certain of its
affiliates.
Our clients customarily provide one to three month rolling forecasts of their service requirements.
Our contracts with our clients do not generally provide for a committed minimum volume of business
or committed amounts of revenue, except for our contract with one of our top five clients based on
revenue less repair payments in fiscal 2010, and the AVIVA master services agreement that we
entered into in July 2008 as described above. Under the terms of our agreement with one of our top
five clients, the annual forecasted revenue to be provided to us for calendar year 2010 amounts to
$41.1 million. In the event actual revenue provided to us in any year is less than 75% of the
annual forecasted revenue for that year, or the Annual Minimum Revenue Commitment, the client has
agreed to pay us 65% of the difference between the Annual Minimum Revenue Commitment and the actual
revenue provided for that year after certain deductions. However, notwithstanding these minimum
revenue commitments, there are also termination at will provisions which permit the client to
terminate the individual statements of work without cause with 180 days notice upon payment of a
termination fee. These termination provisions dilute the impact of the minimum revenue commitment.
Our earlier agreement with this client was due to expire in December 2010. We re-negotiated this
agreement and entered into a new agreement with the client on December 31, 2009. The new agreement
replaced our earlier agreement and became effective on April 1, 2010 and expires in December 2015.
Under the terms of the renewed agreement, the client has not committed to provide us any minimum
volume of business, however, we will be the exclusive provider of certain key services from
delivery locations outside of the US, including customer service and ticketing support for the
client. Under the earlier agreement with this client, we were entitled to charge premium pricing
because we had absorbed the initial transition cost in 2004. That premium pricing is no longer
available in the new contract with this client. The early termination of the old agreement entitles
us to a payment by the client of a termination fee of $5.4 million. We received the termination fee
payment on its due date of April 1, 2010 and as it is related to a renewal of our agreement with
the client, we have determined that the recognition of the termination fee as revenue will be
deferred over the term of the new agreement (i.e., over the period from April 1, 2010 to December
31, 2015). In the case of the AVIVA master services agreement, AVIVA MS has agreed to provide a
minimum volume of business, or Minimum Volume Commitment, to us during the term of the contract.
The Minimum Volume Commitment is calculated as 3,000 billable full-time employees, where one
billable full time employee is the equivalent of a production employee engaged by us to perform our
obligations under the contract for one working day of at least nine hours for 250 days a year. In
August 2009, we entered into a deed of variation to the AVIVA master services agreement pursuant to
which AVIVA MS agreed to increase the Minimum Volume Commitment from the current 3,000 billable full
time employees to 3,300 billable full time employees for a period of 17 months from March 1, 2010
to July 31, 2011
and to 3,250 billable full time employees for a period of six months from August 1, 2011 to January
31, 2012. The minimum volume commitment will revert to 3,000 billable full time employees after
January 31, 2012 for the remaining term of the AVIVA master services agreement. In the event the
mean average monthly volume of business in any
Page 58
rolling three-month period does not reach the
Minimum Volume Commitment, AVIVA MS has agreed to pay us a minimum commitment fee as liquidated
damages. Notwithstanding the Minimum Volume Commitment, there are termination at will provisions
which permit AVIVA MS to terminate the AVIVA master services agreement without cause at any time
after the expiry of 24 months from October 9, 2008, except in the case of the Chennai facility
which was transferred to WNS Global Singapore in July 2008, at any time after expiry of 24 months
from September 19, 2008, and in the case of the Pune facility which was transferred to WNS Global
Singapore in August 2008, at any time after expiry of 24 months from October 10, 2008, in each
case, with six months notice upon payment of a termination fee. The Annual Minimum Revenue
Commitment and the Minimum Volume Commitment under these two contracts were met in fiscal 2010.
FMFC, a US mortgage lender, was one of our major clients from November 2005 to August 2007. FMFC
was a major client of Trinity Partners which we acquired in November 2005 from the First Magnus
Group. In August 2007, FMFC filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the US
Bankruptcy Code. For fiscal 2007, FMFC accounted for 4.3% and 6.8% of our revenue and revenue less
repair payments, respectively. Contractually, FMFC was obligated to provide us with annual minimum
revenue, or pay the shortfall, through fiscal 2011. We have filed claims in FMFCs Chapter 11 case
both for the payment of unpaid invoices for services rendered to FMFC before FMFC filed for Chapter
11 bankruptcy, for our entitlement under FMFCs annual minimum revenue commitment, and for
administrative expenses. The amount of outstanding claims filed totaled $15.6 million. In a
judgment passed by the bankruptcy court in 2009, the claim filed by WNS amounting to $11.6 million
on account of loss of profit from the remainder of the minimum revenue commitment has been denied.
We have appealed against this order which is pending before the Bankruptcy Appellate Court, Tucson,
Arizona. The realizability of these claims cannot be determined at this time. We have provided an
allowance for doubtful accounts for the entire amount of accounts receivable from FMFC. In the same
matter, the liquidating trustee, appointed by the bankruptcy court, has filed a petition against us
claiming a refund of payments made by FMFC to us during the 90 days period immediately prior to its
filing of the bankruptcy petition. FMFC paid a sum of $4 million during the period from May 22,
2007 through August 21, 2007. All these payments were made in the ordinary course of business and
were against the undisputed invoices of the services provided by us to FMFC during the relevant
period. After consultation with our counsel, we believe we have a meritorious defense against any
such claim by the liquidating trustee and we intend to dispute such claim.
In our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment, we earn revenue from claims handling and accident management
services. For claims handling, we charge on a per claim basis or a fixed fee per vehicle over a
contract period. For automobile accident management services, where we arrange for the repairs
through a network of repair centers that we have established, we invoice the client for the amount
of the repair. When we direct a vehicle to a specific repair center, we receive a referral fee from
that repair center. We also provide consolidated suite of services towards accident management
including credit hire and credit repair for non-fault repairs business. Overall, we believe that
we have established a sustainable business model which offers revenue visibility over a substantial
portion of our business. We have done so by:
|
|
developing a broad client base which has resulted in limited reliance on any particular client; |
|
|
|
seeking to balance our revenue base by targeting industries that offer significant offshore
outsourcing potential; |
|
|
|
addressing the largest markets for offshore business process outsourcing services, which
provide geographic diversity across our client base; and |
|
|
|
focusing our service mix on diverse data, voice and analytical processes, resulting in
enhanced client retention. |
Expenses
The majority of our expenses are comprised of cost of revenue and operating expenses. The key
components of our cost of revenue are payments to repair centers, employee costs and
infrastructure-related costs. Our operating expenses include selling, general and administrative,
or SG&A, expenses and amortization of intangible assets. Our non-operating expenses include
interest expenses, other income and other expenses.
Cost of Revenue
Our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment includes automobile accident management services, where we arrange
for repairs through a network of repair centers. The payments to repair centers represent the
largest component of cost of revenue. The value of these payments in any given period is primarily
driven by the volume of accidents and the amount of the repair costs related to such accidents.
Page 59
Employee costs are also a significant component of cost of revenue. In addition to employee
salaries, employee costs include costs related to recruitment, training and retention.
Historically, our employee costs have increased primarily due to increases in number of employees
to support our growth and, to a lesser extent, to recruit, train and retain employees. Salary
levels in India and our ability to efficiently manage and retain our employees significantly
influence our cost of revenue. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Business Overview
Human Capital. We expect our employee costs to increase as we continue to increase our headcount
to service additional business and as wages continue to increase in India. See Item. 3. Key
Information. D. Risk Factors Risks Related to Our Business Wage increases in India may
prevent us from sustaining our competitive advantage and may reduce our profit margin. We seek to
mitigate these cost increases through improvements in employee productivity, employee retention and
asset utilization. Our infrastructure costs are comprised of depreciation, lease rentals,
facilities management and telecommunication network cost. Most of our leases for our facilities are
long-term agreements and have escalation clauses which provide for increases in rent at periodic
intervals commencing between three and five years from the start of the lease. Most of these
agreements have clauses that cap escalation of lease rentals.
We create capacity in our operational infrastructure ahead of anticipated demand as it takes six to
nine months to build up a new site. Hence, our cost of revenue as a percentage of revenue may be
higher during periods in which we carry such additional capacity.
Once we are engaged by a client in a new contract, we normally have a transition period to transfer
the clients processes to our delivery centers and accordingly incur costs related to such
transfer. Therefore, our cost of revenue in relation to our revenue may be higher until the
transfer phase is completed, which may last for two to six months.
SG&A Expenses
Our SG&A expenses are primarily comprised of corporate employee costs for sales and marketing,
general and administrative and other support personnel, travel expenses, legal and professional
fees, share-based compensation expense, brand building expenses, and other general expenses not
related to cost of revenue.
SG&A expenses as a proportion of revenue were 14.8% in fiscal 2010 as compared with 14.5% for
fiscal 2009. SG&A expenses as a proportion of revenue less repair payments were 22.1% in fiscal
2010 as compared with 19.6% for fiscal 2009. We expect SG&A expenses to increase but at a lower
rate than the increase in our revenue less repair payments.
We expect our corporate employee costs for general and administrative and other support personnel
to increase in fiscal 2011 but at a lower rate than the increase in our revenue less repair
payments.
We expect the employee costs associated with sales and marketing and related travel costs to
increase in fiscal 2010. See Item 4. Information on the Company B. Business Overview Business
Strategy Enhance awareness of the WNS brand name. Our sales team is compensated based on
achievement of business targets set at the beginning of each fiscal year. Accordingly, we expect
this variable component of the sales team costs to increase in line with overall business growth.
Amortization of Intangible Assets
Amortization of intangible assets is associated with our acquisitions of PRG Airlines fare audit
services business in August 2006, GHS financial accounting business in September 2006, Marketics
in May 2007, Flovate in June 2007, Call 24-7 in April 2008, BizAps in June 2008 and Aviva Global in
July 2008.
Other
expense (income), net
Other
expense (income), net is primarily comprised of interest income and foreign exchange gains or losses.
Interest Expense
Interest expense primarily relates to interest charges payable on our secured 4.5 year Term Loan
facility of $200 million
entered into in July 2008 to finance our transaction with AVIVA and interest charges arising from
our short-term note payable and our line of credit.
Operating Data
Our profit margin is largely a function of our asset utilization and the rates we are able to
recover for our services. One of the most significant components of our asset utilization is our
seat utilization rate which is the average number of work shifts per day, out of a maximum of
three, for which we are able to utilize our work stations. Generally, an
Page 60
improvement in the seat
utilization rate will improve our profitability unless there are other factors which increase our
costs such as an increase in lease rentals, large ramp-ups to build new seats, and increases in
costs related to repairs and renovations to our existing or used seats. In addition, an increase in
seat utilization rate as a result of an increase in the volume of work will generally result in a
lower cost per seat and a higher profit margin as the total fixed costs of our built up seats
remain the same while each seat is generating more revenue.
The following table presents certain operating data as of the dates indicated:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
As of March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
Total headcount |
|
|
21,958 |
|
|
|
21,356 |
|
|
|
18,104 |
|
Built up seats(1) |
|
|
15,836 |
|
|
|
15,485 |
|
|
|
11,062 |
|
Used seats(1) |
|
|
13,659 |
|
|
|
12,456 |
|
|
|
8,559 |
|
Seat utilization rate(2) |
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1.6 |
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Built up seats refer to the total number of production
seats (excluding support functions like Finance, Human
Resource and Administration) that are set up in any
premises. Used seats refer to the number of built up
seats that are being used by employees. The remainder
would be termed vacant seats. The vacant seats would
get converted into used seats when we acquire a new
client or increase headcount. |
|
(2) |
|
The seat utilization rate is calculated by dividing the
total headcount by the number of built up seats to show
the rate at which we are able to utilize our built up
seats. The decrease in seat utilization during fiscal
2009 was due to the acquisition of Aviva Global where
seat utilization was lower as compared to the seat
utilization of the rest of WNS. |
Foreign Exchange
Exchange Rates
Although a substantial portion of our revenue and revenue less repair payments is denominated in
pound sterling (71.9% and 58.1%, respectively, in fiscal 2010, 71.4% and 61.4%, respectively, in
fiscal 2009, and 69.3% and 53.8%, respectively, in fiscal 2008) and US dollars (24.9% and 37.1%,
respectively, in fiscal 2010, 25.5% and 34.4%, respectively, in fiscal 2009, and 26.9% and 40.5%,
respectively, in fiscal 2008), most of our expenses (net of payments to repair centers) (58.5% in
fiscal 2010, 61.6% in fiscal 2009 and 72.0% in fiscal 2008) are incurred and paid in Indian rupees.
The exchange rates between the Indian rupee and the US dollar and between the pound sterling and
the US dollar have changed substantially in recent years and may fluctuate substantially in the
future. The average Indian rupee/US dollar exchange rate was approximately Rs. 47.46 per $1.00
in fiscal 2010, which represented a depreciation of the Indian rupee of
3.0% as compared with the average exchange rate of approximately Rs. 46.10 per $1.00 in fiscal 2009, which in turn represented a depreciation of the Indian rupee of 14.9% as
compared with the average exchange rate of approximately Rs. 40.13 per $1.00
in fiscal 2008. The average pound sterling/US dollar exchange rate was approximately £0.63
per $1.00 in fiscal 2010, which represented a depreciation of the pound
sterling of 7.2% as compared with the average exchange rate of approximately £0.58 per $1.00
in fiscal 2009, which in turn represented a depreciation of the pound sterling of
14.3% as compared with the average exchange rate of approximately £0.50 per $1.00
in fiscal 2008. We report our financial results in US dollars and our results of
operations may be adversely affected if the pound sterling depreciates against the US dollar or the
Indian rupee appreciates against
the US dollar. See Item 11. Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk B. Risk
Management Procedures Components of Market Risk Exchange Rate Risk.
We have subsidiaries in several countries and hence, the functional currencies of these entities
differ from our reporting currency, the US dollar. The financial statements of these entities are
translated to the reporting currency as at the balance sheet date. Adjustments resulting from the
translation of these financial statements from functional currency to reporting currency are
accumulated and reported as other comprehensive income (loss), which is a separate component of
equity. Foreign currency transaction gains and losses are recorded as other income or
expense.
Page 61
Currency Regulation
Our Indian subsidiary, WNS Global, is registered as an exporter of business process outsourcing
services with the Software Technology Parks of India, or STPI. According to the prevailing foreign
exchange regulations in India, an exporter of business process outsourcing services registered with
the STPI is required to receive its export proceeds in India within a period of 12 months from the
date of such exports in order to avail itself of the tax and other benefits associated with STPI
status. Units which are not registered with STPI are required to receive these proceeds within six
months. In the event that such a registered exporter has received any advance against exports in
foreign exchange from its overseas customers, it is required to render the requisite services so
that such advances are earned within a period of 12 months from the date of such receipt. If WNS
Global does not meet these conditions, it will be required to obtain permission from the Reserve
Bank of India to receive and realize such foreign currency earnings.
A majority of the payments we receive from our clients are denominated in pound sterling, US
dollars and Euros. For most of our clients, our subsidiaries in the UK, the US and Mauritius enter
into contractual agreements directly with our clients for the provision of business process
outsourcing services by WNS Global. WNS Global holds the foreign currency it receives in an export
earners foreign currency account. All foreign exchange requirements, such as for the import of
capital goods, expenses incurred during overseas travel by employees and discharge of foreign
exchange expenses or liabilities, can be met using the foreign currency in the export earners
foreign currency account in India. As and when funds are required by us, the funds in the export
earners foreign currency account may be transferred to an ordinary rupee-denominated account in
India.
There are currently no Jersey, UK or US foreign exchange control restrictions on the payment of
dividends on our ordinary shares or on the conduct of our operations.
Income Taxes
We operate in multiple tax jurisdictions including India, Sri Lanka, the Philippines, the UK, Romania, Costa Rica, the US, the
Netherlands, Singapore, Mauritius, Australia and China. As a result,
our effective tax rate will change from year to year based on recurring factors such as the
geographical mix of income before taxes, state and local taxes, the ratio of permanent items to
pre-tax book income and the implementation of various global tax strategies, as well as
non-recurring events.
Our Indian operations are eligible to claim income tax exemption with respect to profits earned
from export revenue by various delivery centers registered with STPI. This benefit used to be
available from the date of commencement of operations to March 31, 2009, subject to a maximum of
ten years. In May 2008, the Government of India passed the Indian Finance Act, 2008, which extended
the tax holiday period by an additional year through fiscal 2010. In August 2009, the Government of
India passed the Indian Finance (No. 2) Act, 2009, which further extended the STPI tax holiday
period by an additional year through fiscal 2011. We had 13 such delivery centers in fiscal 2010, 14 such delivery
centers in fiscal 2009 and 14 such delivery centers in fiscal 2008. The tax benefits of our 13
delivery centers located in Bangalore, Chennai, Gurgaon, Mumbai, Nashik and Pune will expire on
April 1, 2011 while the tax benefits enjoyed by three of our
other delivery centers located in Mumbai,
Nashik and Pune expired on April 1, 2007, 2008 and 2009, respectively. Upon expiry of the tax
holiday, income tax will be leviable at the rate of 33.22%.
One of our Sri Lankan subsidiaries is also eligible to claim income tax exemption with respect to profits
earned from export revenue by our delivery center registered with the Board of Investment, Sri
Lanka. This tax holiday is available for five years from the year of assessment in which the
subsidiary commences to make profits or any year of assessment not later than two years from the
date of commencement of operations, whichever is the earlier. The tax holiday for this Sri Lankan
subsidiary expires on March 31, 2011. The tax holiday for another Sri Lankan subsidiary expired on
March 31, 2009. Upon expiry of the tax holiday, income tax will be leviable at the rate of 15% on the first
Sri Lankan rupees five million of income and at the rate of 35% on income exceeding Sri Lankan
rupees five million.
Our joint
venture company in the Philippines, WNS Philippines Inc., and its wholly-owned subsidiary, WNS
Global Services Philippines Inc., are also eligible to claim income tax exemption with respect to
profits earned from export revenue by our delivery centers registered with the Board of Investment
and the Philippines Economic Zone Authority. This tax
holiday is available for four years from the date of grant of the tax exemption. Upon expiry of the
tax holiday, income generated by WNS Philippines Inc. and WNS Global Services Philippines Inc. will
be taxed at the then prevailing annual tax rate which is currently 30%.
Our subsidiary in Costa Rica is also eligible for 100% income tax exemption for an initial eight
years and 50% for the four years thereafter, starting from the date of commencement of the
operation on November 16, 2009.
Page 62
In May 2007, the Indian Finance Act, 2007 was adopted, with the effect of subjecting Indian
companies that benefit from a holiday from Indian corporate income taxes to the minimum alternate
tax, or MAT. From fiscal 2007 to fiscal 2009, the MAT was applied at the rate of 11.33% in the case
of profits exceeding Rs. 10 million and 10.3% in the case of profits not exceeding Rs. 10 million.
The MAT has been increased (1) to the rate of 16.99% in the case of profits exceeding Rs. 10 million and
15.45% in the case of profits not exceeding Rs. 10 million in
fiscal 2010 and (2)
to 19.93% in the case of profits exceeding Rs. 10 million and 18.54% in the case of profits not
exceeding Rs. 10 million in fiscal 2011. As a result of the adoption of Indian Finance Act, 2007,
we became subject to MAT and have been required to pay additional taxes since fiscal 2008. To the
extent MAT paid exceeds the actual tax payable on our taxable income, we would be able to set off
such MAT credits against tax payable in the succeeding ten years, subject to the satisfaction of
certain conditions. We expect to be able to set off our MAT payments against our increased tax
liability based on taxable income when our tax holiday expires or is withdrawn by the Indian tax
authorities.
As a result of the foregoing, the additional income tax expense we would otherwise have had to
incur at the statutory rates in India and Sri Lanka, if the tax exemption was not available, would
have been approximately $15.6 million for fiscal 2010, $16.1 million for fiscal 2009 and $11.5
million for fiscal 2008. When our tax holiday expires or is withdrawn by Indian tax authorities,
our tax expense will materially increase. Our Indian operations had incurred tax losses from some of its STPI units which have not been set off against the
other taxable income, therefore tax losses are being such carried forward to subsequent years. We have not recognized a deferred tax asset on such carried forward losses as there is
uncertainty regarding the availability of such operating losses to be set off against taxable income in subsequent years.
In addition, in May 2007, the Government of India implemented a fringe benefit tax on the allotment
of shares pursuant to the exercise or vesting, on or after April 1, 2007, of options and RSUs granted to employees. The fringe benefit tax was payable by the employer at the
rate of 33.99% on the difference between the fair market value of the options and RSUs on the date
of vesting of the options and RSUs and the exercise price of the options and the purchase price (if
any) for the RSUs, as applicable. In October 2007, the Government of India published its guidelines
on how the fair market value of the options and RSUs should be determined. The legislation
permitted the employer to recover the fringe benefit tax from the employees. Accordingly, the terms
of our award agreements with applicable employees in India under our 2002 Stock Incentive Plan and
our Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan (as described in Item 6. Directors, Senior
Management and Employees B. Compensation Employee Benefit Plans) allow us to recover the
fringe benefit tax from all our employees in India except those expatriate employees who are
resident in India. In August 2009, the Government of India passed the Indian Finance (No. 2) Act, 2009 which abolished
the levy of fringe benefit tax on certain expenses incurred by an employer and share-based
compensation provided to employees, by an employer. However, it also provides that share-based
compensation paid and other fringe benefits or amenities provided to employees would be taxable in
the hands of the employees as salary benefit and an employer would be required to withhold taxes
payable thereon.
In 2005,
the Government of India implemented the Special Economic Zone, or SEZ, legislation with the
effect that taxable income of new operations established in designated SEZs may be eligible for tax
exemption equal to (i) 100% of their profits or gains derived from export income for the first five
years from the commencement of operations; (ii) 50% of those profits or gains derived from export
income for the next five years; and (iii) 50% of those profits or gains derived from export income
for a further five years, subject to satisfying certain capital investment requirements. Our
delivery center in Gurgaon set up in fiscal 2008 benefits from this tax holiday equal to 100%
exemption until fiscal 2012 and 50% from fiscal 2013 until fiscal 2022.
We may establish one or more new operations centers in designated SEZs that would be eligible for
the benefits of the SEZ legislation, subject to the receipt of requisite governmental and
regulatory approvals. The Ministry of Finance in
India has, however, expressed concern about the potential loss of tax revenues as a result of the
exemptions under the SEZ legislation. The SEZ legislation has been criticized on economic grounds
by the International Monetary Fund and may be challenged in courts by certain non-governmental
organizations. It is possible that, as a result of such political pressures, the procedure for
obtaining the benefits of the SEZ legislation may become more onerous, the types of land eligible
for SEZ status may be further restricted or the SEZ legislation may be amended or repealed.
Moreover, there is continuing uncertainty as to the governmental and regulatory approvals required
to establish operations in the SEZs or to qualify for the tax benefit. This uncertainty may delay
the establishment of additional operations in the SEZs.
Critical Accounting Policies
The discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations are based on our
consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this annual report which have been prepared
in accordance with US GAAP. Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in
this annual report describes our significant accounting policies and is an essential part of our
consolidated financial statements.
Page 63
We believe the following to be critical accounting policies. By critical accounting policies, we
mean policies that are both important to the portrayal of our financial condition and financial
results and require critical management judgments and estimates. Although we believe that our
judgments and estimates are appropriate, actual future results may differ from our estimates.
Revenue Recognition
We generate revenue by providing BPO services to our clients, which primarily include providing
back-office administration, data management, contact center management and automobile claims
handling services. We recognize revenue when we have persuasive evidence of an arrangement,
services have been rendered, the fee is determinable and collectibility is reasonably assured. We
conclude that we have persuasive evidence of an arrangement when we enter into an agreement with
our clients with terms and conditions that describe the service and the related payments and are
legally enforceable. We consider revenue to be determinable when the services have been provided in
accordance with the agreement. When the terms of the agreement specify service level parameters
that must be met, we monitor such service level parameters and determine if there are any service
credits or penalties that we need to account for. Revenue is recognized net of any service credits
that are due to a client. Generally, our revenue is from large companies, where we do
not believe we have a significant credit risk.
In limited instances we have entered into minimum commitment arrangements, wherein the service
contracts either provide for a minimum revenue commitment on an annual basis or a cumulative basis
over multiple years, stated in terms of annual minimum amounts. In such minimum commitment
arrangements where a minimum commitment is specific to an annual period, any revenue shortfall is
invoiced and recognized at the end of this period. However, when the shortfall in a particular year
can be offset with revenue received in excess of minimum commitments in subsequent years, we
recognize deferred revenue for the shortfall which has been invoiced and received. To the extent we
have sufficient experience to conclude that the shortfall will not be satisfied by excess revenue
in a subsequent period, the deferred revenue will be recognized as revenue in that period. In order
to determine whether we have sufficient experience, we consider several factors which include (i)
the historical volume of business done with a client as compared with initial projections of volume
as agreed to by the client and us; (ii) the length of time for which we have such historical
experience; (iii) future volume expected based on projections received from the client; and (iv)
our internal expectations of the ongoing volume with the client. Otherwise the deferred revenue
will remain until such time we can conclude that it will not receive revenue in excess of the
minimum commitment. For certain agreements, we have retroactive discounts related to meeting agreed
volumes. In such situations, we record revenue at the discounted rate, although we initially bill
at the higher rate, unless we can determine that the agreed volumes will not be met, based on the factors discussed above.
We invoice our clients depending on the terms of the arrangement, which include billing based on a
per employee, per transaction or cost-plus basis. Amounts billed or payments received, where all
the conditions for revenue recognition have not been met, are recorded as deferred revenue and are
recognized as revenue when all recognition criteria have been met. However, the costs related to
the performance of such work are recognized in the period the services are rendered. For certain of
our clients, we perform process transition activities and charge some of them for these activities upon
execution of the contract with such client. We defer the revenue and the cost attributable to
client process transition activities with respect to these clients where such activities do not represent
the culmination of a separate earning process. Such revenue and cost are subsequently recognized
ratably over the period in which the related BPO services are performed. The deferment of cost is
limited to the amount of the deferred revenue. Any cost in excess of the deferred revenue is
recognized during the period it was incurred.
Our revenue is net of value-added taxes and includes reimbursements of out-of-pocket expenses, with
the corresponding out-of-pocket expenses included in cost of revenue.
We provide automobile claims handling services, which include claims handling and administration,
or claims handling, and arranging for car hire and repairs with repair centers across the UK and
the related payment processing for such repairs, or accident management. With respect to claims
handling, we enter into contracts with our clients to process all their claims over the contract
period, where the fees are determined either on a per claim basis or is a fixed payment for the
contract period. Where our contracts are on a per claim basis, we invoice the client at the
inception of the claim process. We estimate the processing period for the claims and recognize
revenue over the estimated processing period. This processing period generally ranges between one
to two months. The processing time may be greater for new clients and the estimated service period
is adjusted accordingly. The processing period is estimated based on historical experience and
other relevant factors, if any. Where the fee is a fixed payment for the contract period, revenue
is recognized on a straight line basis over the period of the contract. In certain cases, where the
fee is contingent upon the successful recovery of a claim by the client, revenue is not recognized
until the contingency is resolved. Revenue in respect of car hire is recognized over the car hire
term.
In order to provide accident management services, we negotiate with and set up a network of repair
centers where vehicles involved in an accident can be repaired. We are the principal in these
transactions between the repair center and the client. The repair
centers bill us for the
Page 64
negotiated costs of the repair and we invoice such costs to the client. We recognize the amounts
invoiced to the client as revenue as we have determined that we meet the criteria established by
ASC Subtopic 605-45, Reporting Revenue Gross as a Principal
versus Net as an Agent. Factors considered in determining that we are the principal in the
transaction include whether (i) we negotiate the labor rates with repair centers; (ii) we determine
which repair center should be used; (iii) we are responsible for timely and satisfactory completion
of repairs; and (iv) we bear the credit risk. If there are circumstances where the above criteria
are not met and therefore the company is not the principal in providing accident management
services, amounts received from customers are recognized and presented net of payment to repair
centers in the consolidated statement of income. Revenue from
accident management services is
recorded net of the repairer referral fees passed on to customers.
Share-based Compensation
We provide share-based awards such as stock options and RSUs to our employees, directors and
executive officers through various equity compensation plans. We recognize the share based
compensation in accordance with ASC 718, Stock
Compensation, or ASC 718. ASC 718 addresses the
accounting for share-based payment transactions in which an enterprise receives employee services
in exchange for equity instruments of the enterprise or liabilities that are based on the fair
value of the enterprises equity instruments or that may be settled by the issuance of such equity
instruments.
In accordance with the provisions of ASC 718, share-based compensation for all awards granted,
modified or settled on or after April 1, 2006, that we expect to vest, is recognized on a straight
line basis over the requisite service period, which is generally the vesting period of the award.
ASC 718 requires the use of a valuation model to calculate the fair value of share-based awards.
Based on our judgment, we have elected to use the Black-Scholes-Merton pricing model to determine
the fair value of share-based awards on the date of grant. RSUs are measured based on the fair
market value of the underlying shares on the date of grant.
We believe the Black-Scholes-Merton model to be the most appropriate model for determination of
fair value of the share-based awards. In determining the fair value of share-based awards using the
Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model, we are required to make certain estimates of the key
assumptions that include expected term, expected volatility of our shares, dividend yield and risk
free interest rate. Estimating these key assumptions involves judgment regarding subjective future
expectations of market prices and trends. The assumptions for expected term and expected volatility
have the most significant effect on calculating the fair value of our stock options. We use the
historical volatility of our ADSs in order to estimate future share price trends. In order to
determine the estimated period of time that we expect employees to hold their share-based options,
we have used historical exercise pattern of employees. The aforementioned inputs entered into the
option valuation model that we use to determine the fair value of our stock awards are subjective
estimates and changes to these estimates will cause the fair value of our share-based awards and
related share-based compensation expense we record to vary.
We are required to estimate the share-based awards that we expect to vest and to reduce share-based
compensation expense for the effects of estimated forfeitures of awards over the expense
recognition period. Although we estimate
forfeitures based on historical experience, actual forfeitures in the future may differ. To the
extent our actual forfeitures are different than our estimates, we record a true-up for the
difference in the period in which the awards vest, and such true-ups could materially affect our
operating results.
We record deferred tax assets for share-based awards that result in deductions on our income tax
returns, based on the amount of share-based compensation recognized and the statutory tax rate in
the jurisdiction in which we will receive a tax deduction. Because the deferred tax assets we
record are based upon the share-based compensation expenses in a particular jurisdiction, the
aforementioned inputs that affect the fair value of our stock awards also indirectly affect our
income tax expense. In addition, differences between the deferred tax assets recognized for
financial reporting purposes and the actual tax deduction reported on our income tax returns are
recorded in additional paid-in capital. If the tax deduction is less than the deferred tax asset,
such shortfalls reduce our pool of excess tax benefits. If the pool of excess tax benefits is
reduced to zero, then subsequent shortfalls would increase our income tax expense.
Page 65
Business Combinations
As a part of acquisition accounting, we allocate the purchase price of acquired companies to
the identified tangible and intangible assets based on the estimated fair values on the date of the
acquisition. The purchase price allocation process requires management to make significant
estimates and assumptions, especially at acquisition date with respect to intangible assets, income
taxes, contingent consideration and estimated restructuring liabilities. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates we
have made in the past have been reasonable and appropriate, they are based in part on historical
experience and information obtained from the management of the acquired companies and are
inherently uncertain. Examples of critical estimates in valuing certain of the intangible assets we
have acquired or may acquire in the future include but are not limited to appropriate method of
valuation, future cash flow projections, weighted average cost of capital, discount rates,
risk-free rates, market rate of return and risk premiums.
Unanticipated events and circumstances may occur which may affect the accuracy or validity of such
assumptions, estimates or actual results.
Impairment of Goodwill, Intangible Assets and Property and Equipment
The goodwill impairment test is a two-step process. The first step of the process consists of
estimating the fair value of each of our reporting units, based on a discounted cash flow model,
using revenue and profit forecasts and comparing those estimated fair values with the carrying
values which include the allocated goodwill.
We determine reporting units and estimate the goodwill to be allocated to each reporting unit under
ASC 350 IntangibleGoodwill and others The identification of the reporting units is based on the
economic characteristics and availability of discrete financial data with respect to the reporting
unit.
If the estimated fair value is less than the carrying value, a second step is performed to compute
the amount of the impairment by determining the implied fair value of goodwill. The determination
of a reporting units implied fair value of goodwill requires the allocation of the estimated fair
value of the reporting unit to the assets and liabilities of the reporting unit. Any unallocated
fair value representing the implied fair value of goodwill is then compared to its corresponding
carrying value. If the carrying value exceeds the implied fair value of goodwill, the difference is
recognized as an impairment charge.
Fair value of a reporting unit is determined using the income approach which involves the use of
significant estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions include revenue growth rate,
and operating margins used to calculate projected future cash flows, weighted average cost of
capital, discount rates, risk-free rates, market rate of return, risk premiums, future economic and
market conditions, and determination of appropriate market comparables. We base our fair value
estimates on assumptions we believe to be reasonable but that are unpredictable and inherently
uncertain. Actual future results may differ from those estimates. In addition, we make certain judgments and
assumptions in allocating shared assets and liabilities to determine the carrying values for each
of our reporting units. Our most recent annual goodwill impairment analysis, which was performed
during the fourth quarter of fiscal 2010, did not result in an impairment charge.
We amortize intangible assets with definite lives and purchased property and equipment over the
estimated useful lives and review them for impairment, if indicators of impairment arise. We
estimate the useful lives of intangible assets and purchase property and equipment after
consideration of historical results and anticipated results based on our current plans.
We perform impairment reviews of intangible assets and property and equipment when events or
circumstances indicate that the value of the assets may be impaired. Indicators of impairment
include operating or cash flow losses, significant decreases in market value or changes in the
physical condition of the property and equipment. When indicators of impairment are present, the
evaluation of impairment is based upon a comparison of the carrying amount of the intangible asset
or property and equipment to the estimated future undiscounted net cash flows expected to be
generated by the asset. If estimated future undiscounted cash flows are less than the carrying
amount of the asset, the asset is considered impaired. The impairment expense is determined by
comparing the estimated fair value of the intangible asset or property and equipment to its
carrying value, with any shortfall from fair value recognized as an expense in the current period.
The estimate of undiscounted cash flows and the fair value of assets require several assumptions
and estimates like the weighted average cost of capital, discount rates, risk-free rates, market
rate of return and risk premiums and can be affected by a variety of factors, including external
factors such as industry and economic trends, and internal factors such as changes in our business
strategy and our internal forecasts. Although we believe the historical assumptions and estimates
we have made are reasonable and appropriate, different assumptions and estimates could materially
impact our reported financial results.
Page 66
We cannot predict the occurrence of future events that might adversely affect the reported value of
goodwill, intangible assets or property and equipment. Such events include, but are not limited to,
strategic decisions made in response to economic and competitive conditions, the impact of the
environment on our customer base, and material negative change in relationship with significant
customers.
Income Taxes
We apply the asset and liability method of accounting for income taxes as described in ASC 740,
Income Taxes, or ASC 740. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized
for future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statements carrying
amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases and operating loss and
tax credit carry-forwards. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using tax rates
expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected
to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax
rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date.
We record a valuation allowance to reduce our deferred tax assets to the amount that is more likely
than not to be realized. In order for us to realize our deferred tax assets, we must be able to
generate sufficient taxable income in those jurisdictions where the deferred tax assets are
located. We consider future growth, forecasted earnings, future taxable income, the mix of earnings
in the jurisdictions in which we operate, and prudent and feasible tax planning strategies in
determining the need for a valuation allowance. In the event we were to determine that we would not
be able to realize all or part of our net deferred tax assets in the future, an adjustment to the
deferred tax assets would be charged to earnings in the period in which we make such a
determination. Likewise, if we later determine that it is more likely than not that the net
deferred tax assets would be realized, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously
provided valuation allowance.
We calculate our current and deferred tax provision based on estimates and assumptions that could
differ from the actual results reflected in income tax returns filed during the subsequent year.
Adjustments based on filed returns are generally recorded in the period when the tax returns are
filed and the global tax implications are known, which can materially impact our effective tax
rate.
Significant judgment is required in determining our worldwide income tax provision. In the ordinary
course of a global business, there are many transactions and calculations where the ultimate tax
outcome is uncertain. Some of these uncertainties arise as a consequence of revenue sharing and
cost reimbursement arrangements among related entities, eligibility of our operations for the tax
holidays, segregation of foreign and domestic earnings and expenses to avoid double taxation and
carry forward of losses for set off against future taxable income. Although we believe that our
estimates are reasonable, the final tax outcome of these matters could be different from that which
is reflected in our historical income tax provisions and accruals. Such differences could have a
material effect on our income tax provision and net income in the period in which such
determination is made.
The amount of income tax we pay is subject to ongoing audits by income tax authorities, which often
result in adjustments to our taxable profits. Our estimate of the potential outcome for any
uncertain tax issue is highly judgmental. We believe we have adequately provided for any reasonably
foreseeable outcome related to these matters. However, our future results may include favorable or
unfavorable adjustments to our estimated tax liabilities in the period the assessments are made or
resolved, tax examinations are closed or when statutes of limitation on potential assessments
expire. Additionally, the jurisdictions in which our earnings or deductions are realized may differ
from our current estimates. As a result, our effective tax rate may fluctuate significantly on a
quarterly basis.
As part of our accounting for business combinations, some of the purchase price is allocated to
goodwill and intangible assets. Impairment charges associated with goodwill are generally not tax
deductible and will result in an increased effective income tax rate in the quarter any impairment
is recorded. Amortization expenses associated with acquired intangible assets are generally not tax
deductible pursuant to our existing tax structure; however, deferred taxes have been recorded for
non-deductible amortization expenses as a part of the purchase price allocation process. We have
taken into account the allocation of these identified intangibles among different taxing
jurisdictions, including those with nominal or zero percent tax rates, in establishing the related
deferred tax liabilities. Income tax contingencies existing as of the acquisition dates of the
acquired companies are evaluated quarterly and any adjustments are recorded as adjustments to
goodwill.
Further
ASC 740-10 requires us to recognize a provision for uncertainty in income taxes
based on minimum recognition threshold. Evaluation of tax positions and recognition of provisions,
under the provisions of ASC 740, involves interpretation of tax laws, estimates of probabilities of
tax positions being sustained and the amounts of payments to be
Page 67
made under various scenarios.
Although we believe we have adequately reserved for our uncertain tax positions, no assurance can
be given with respect to the final outcome of these matters. To the extent that the final outcome
of these matters is different than the amounts recorded, such differences will impact our provision
for income taxes in the period in which such a determination is made.
Derivative Financial Instruments
The primary risks managed by using derivative instruments are foreign currency exchange risk and
interest rate risk. Forward and option contracts on various foreign currencies are entered into to
manage the foreign currency exchange rate risk on forecasted revenue denominated in foreign
currencies and monetary assets and liabilities held in non-functional currencies. Interest rate
swaps are entered into to manage interest rate risk associated with our floating rate borrowings.
Our primary exchange rate exposure is with the US dollars, pound sterling and the Indian rupee. For
derivative instruments which qualify for cash flow hedge accounting, we record the effective
portion of gain or loss from changes in the fair value of the derivative instruments in accumulated
other comprehensive income (loss), which is reclassified into earnings in the same period during
which the hedged item affects earnings. Derivative instruments qualify for hedge accounting when
the instrument is designated as a hedge; the hedged item is specifically identifiable and exposes
us to risk; and it is expected that a change in fair value of the derivative instrument and an
opposite change in the fair value of the hedged item will have a high degree of correlation.
Determining the high degree of correlation between the change in fair value of the hedged item and
the derivative instruments involves significant judgment including the probability of the
occurrence of the forecasted transaction. When it is probable that a forecasted transaction will
not occur, we discontinue the hedge accounting and recognize immediately in the consolidated
statement of income, the gains and losses attributable to such derivative instrument that were
accumulated in other comprehensive income (loss). Although we believe that our estimates of the
forecasted transactions are reasonable and based on historical experience, the final occurrence of
such transactions could be different as a result of external factors such as industry and economic
trends, and internal factors such as changes in our business strategy and our internal forecasts,
which will have a material effect on our earnings.
Fair value measurements
ASC 820-10, Fair Value Measurements and Disclosures defines fair value as the price that would be
paid upon sale of an asset or upon transfer of a liability in an orderly transaction between market
participants at the measurement date and in the principal or most advantageous market for that
asset or liability. The fair value should be calculated based on assumptions that market
participant would use in pricing the asset or liability, not on assumptions specific to us. In
addition, the fair value of assets and liabilities should include consideration of non-performance
risk including credit risk.
ASC 820-10 also discusses valuation techniques, such as the market approach (comparable market
prices), the income approach (present value of future income or cash flow), and the cost approach
(cost to replace the service capacity of an asset or replacement cost). The statement utilizes a
fair value hierarchy that prioritizes the inputs to valuation techniques used to measure fair value
into three broad levels. The following is a brief description of those three levels:
|
|
Level 1: Observable inputs such as quoted prices (unadjusted) in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. |
|
|
|
Level 2: Inputs other than quoted prices that are observable for the asset or liability, either directly or
indirectly. These include quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities in active markets and quoted prices for
identical or similar assets or liabilities in markets that are not active. |
|
|
|
Level 3: Unobservable inputs that reflect the reporting entitys own assumptions. |
Where applicable, we use quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities to
determine fair value. This pricing methodology applies to our Level 1 assets, which consists of
cash equivalents and marketable securities. If quoted market prices in active markets for identical
assets or liabilities are not available to determine fair value, then we use quoted market prices
for similar assets and liabilities or inputs other than the quoted prices that are observable,
either directly or indirectly. This pricing methodology applies to our Level 2 items, which consist
of our interest rate swaps and foreign currency derivative instruments. The estimate of fair value
of interest rate swaps and foreign currency derivative instruments require several assumptions and
estimates like the future interest rates and discounting factor and can be affected by a variety of
factors, including volatility and forward rates. Although we believe the assumptions and estimates
we have made are reasonable and appropriate, different assumptions and estimates could materially
impact our reported financial position.
Page 68
Results of Operations
The following table sets forth certain financial information as a percentage of revenue and revenue
less repair payments:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue |
|
Revenue Less Repair Payments |
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009(Restated) |
|
2008(Restated) |
|
2010 |
|
2009(Restated) |
|
2008(Restated) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Unaudited |
|
Unaudited |
|
Unaudited |
Cost of revenue |
|
|
75.4 |
% |
|
|
75.2 |
% |
|
|
78.0 |
% |
|
|
63.3 |
% |
|
|
66.5 |
% |
|
|
66.8 |
% |
Gross profit |
|
|
24.6 |
% |
|
|
24.8 |
% |
|
|
22.0 |
% |
|
|
36.7 |
% |
|
|
33.5 |
% |
|
|
33.2 |
% |
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SG&A |
|
|
14.8 |
% |
|
|
14.5 |
% |
|
|
16.6 |
% |
|
|
22.1 |
% |
|
|
19.6 |
% |
|
|
25.0 |
% |
Amortization of
intangibles assets |
|
|
5.6 |
% |
|
|
4.8 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
8.3 |
% |
|
|
6.5 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
Impairment of
goodwill, intangibles
and other assets |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
5.3 |
% |
Operating income |
|
|
4.2 |
% |
|
|
5.5 |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
6.3 |
% |
|
|
7.4 |
% |
|
|
1.9 |
% |
Other expense (income),
net |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
1.1 |
% |
|
|
(2.1 |
)% |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
|
|
1.5 |
% |
|
|
(3.2 |
)% |
Interest expense |
|
|
2.4 |
% |
|
|
2.3 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
3.5 |
% |
|
|
3.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
Provision for income taxes |
|
|
0.2 |
% |
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
1.2 |
% |
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
0.9 |
% |
|
|
1.8 |
% |
Net income |
|
|
0.5 |
% |
|
|
1.5 |
% |
|
|
2.2 |
% |
|
|
0.7 |
% |
|
|
2.1 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
Net loss attributable to
redeemable noncontrolling interest |
|
|
0.2 |
% |
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
0.3 |
% |
|
|
0.1 |
% |
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable
to WNS shareholders |
|
|
0.6 |
% |
|
|
1.6 |
% |
|
|
2.2 |
% |
|
|
1.0 |
% |
|
|
2.1 |
% |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
The following table reconciles revenue (a GAAP measure) to revenue less repair payments (a non-GAAP
measure) across our business:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009(Restated) |
|
2008(Restated) |
Revenue |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
|
|
100.0 |
% |
Less: Payments to repair centers |
|
|
33.0 |
% |
|
|
26.1 |
% |
|
|
33.6 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue less repair payments |
|
|
67.0 |
% |
|
|
73.9 |
% |
|
|
66.4 |
% |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2010 Compared to Fiscal 2009 (Restated)
Revenue. Revenue in fiscal 2010 was $582.5 million, an increase of $61.6 million, or 11.8%, over
our revenue of $520.9 million in fiscal 2009. This increase in revenue of $61.6 million was
primarily attributable to an increase in revenue from existing clients of $38.8 million and, to a
lesser extent, an increase in revenue from new clients of $22.8 million. The increase in revenue
from existing clients was primarily attributable to increased business from existing clients of WNS
Assistance, our auto claims business. The increase in revenue from existing clients was also on
account of an expansion of the number of processes that we executed for these clients and an
increase in volumes for the existing processes, partially offset by the adverse exchange rate
movement of pound sterling to US dollar by an average of 7.2% in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal
2009. Revenue from the UK, and North America (primarily the US) accounted for $339.2 million and
$142.7 million, respectively, of our revenue for fiscal 2010, representing an increase of 16.5% and
9.4%, respectively, from fiscal 2009. The increase in revenue from the UK was primarily attributable to
increased business from existing clients of our auto claims business and on account of revenue contribution
resulting from the AVIVA transaction for the full twelve month period in fiscal 2010 as opposed to the partial nine
month period in fiscal 2009. Revenue
from Europe (excluding the UK) accounted for $97.3 million of our revenue for fiscal 2010,
representing a decrease of 0.4% from fiscal 2009 primarily on account of a decrease in the volume
of business from existing clients.
Revenue Less Repair Payments. Revenue less repair payments in fiscal 2010 was $390.5 million, an
increase of $5.5 million, or 1.4%, over our revenue less repair payments of $385.0 million in
fiscal 2009. This increase in revenue less repair payments of $5.5 million was primarily
attributable to an increase in revenue less repair payments from new clients of $13.0 million,
partially offset by a decrease in revenue less repair payments from existing clients of $7.5
million. The decrease in revenue less repair payments from existing clients was attributable to the
adverse exchange rate movement of pound sterling to US dollar by an average of 7.2% in fiscal 2010
as compared to fiscal 2009, partially offset by higher revenue less repair payments on account of
revenue contribution resulting from the AVIVA transaction for the full twelve month period in fiscal 2010 as opposed
to the partial nine month period in fiscal 2009. Contract prices across the various types of processes
Page 69
remained substantially stable over this
period. Revenue less repair payments from UK, Europe (excluding the UK) and North America
(primarily the US) accounted for $215.6 million, $29.0 million and $142.7 million, respectively, of
our revenue less repair payments in fiscal 2010, representing a decrease of 3.8%, an increase of
0.3% and an increase of 9.4% respectively, from fiscal 2009. The increase in North America
(primarily the US) is due primarily to an increase in business from new clients. The decrease in
revenue less repair payments from UK was primarily on account of the adverse exchange rate movement
of pound sterling to US dollar by an average of 7.2% in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. We
realized an increase in revenue less repair payments most significantly in our industrial and
infrastructure business unit, and to a lesser extent, in our emerging businesses unit. During the
same period we experienced a decrease in revenue less repair payments in our travel and leisure
business unit and in our BFSI unit.
Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue in fiscal 2010 was 75.4% of revenue as compared to 75.2% of
revenue in fiscal 2009. Cost of revenue in fiscal 2010 was $439.2 million, an increase of $47.4
million, or 12.1%, over our cost of revenue of $391.8 million in fiscal 2009. Cost of revenue
excluding payments made to repair centers for our fault repair services decreased by $8.6 million
for fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. Payments made to repair centers increased by $56.0
million to $192.0 million in fiscal 2010 from $135.9 million in fiscal 2009 mainly due to an
increase in the repair costs associated with payments made to repair centers for the clients of our
auto claims business. Infrastructure costs decreased by $11.4 million mainly on account of lower
sub-contracting cost. In addition, depreciation cost decreased by $0.5 million and travel costs
decreased by $0.6 million. These decreases were partially offset by an increase in operating
employee compensation by $4.0 million due to an increase in headcount and wages. Share-based
compensation cost included in operating employee compensation increased by $0.1 million in fiscal
2010 as compared to fiscal 2009.
Gross Profit. Gross profit in fiscal 2010 was $143.2 million, or 24.6% of revenue, as compared to
$129.1 million, or 24.8% of revenue, in fiscal 2009. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue less
repair payments was 36.7% in fiscal 2010 compared to 33.5% in fiscal 2009. Gross profit as a
percentage of revenue less repair payments increased by approximately 3.2% in fiscal 2010 as
compared to fiscal 2009 primarily on account of a decrease in cost of revenue excluding payments
made to repair centers by $8.6 million as discussed above
SG&A Expenses. SG&A expenses in fiscal 2010 were $86.2 million, an increase of 14.2% over our SG&A
expenses of $75.5 million in fiscal 2009. This increase was primarily on account of (i) an increase
in non-operating employee
compensation cost by $11.0 million including an increase in share-based compensation costs by $1.6
million, mainly due to an increase in wages and severance cost of $2.1 million associated with the
departure of a few members of our senior management team in fiscal 2010, (ii) an increase in
facilities costs by $1.1 million, (iii) an increase in other administration related expenses such as
communication costs and marketing costs by $0.6 million, (iv) an increase in other employee related
costs such as recruitment and training costs by $0.5 million and (v) an increase in the provision
for bad debts by $0.1 million. These increases were partially offset by (i) a decrease in other
taxes by $1.1 million on account of dividend tax on an upstream distribution of dividend from an Indian subsidiary to its
holding company, (ii) a decrease in professional fees by $1.0 million, (iii) a decrease in
travel expenses by $0.3 million and (iv) a decrease in fringe benefit tax payable by $0.2 million.
The decreases in respect of items (ii) and (iii) were primarily on account of cost control measures
implemented by us in fiscal 2010. SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenue was 14.8% in fiscal 2010
as compared to 14.5% in fiscal 2009. SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenue less repair payments
was 22.1% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 19.6% in fiscal 2009.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization of intangible assets was $32.4 million in fiscal
2010, an increase of $7.5 million over $24.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase was primarily on
account of amortization of intangible assets acquired through our acquisition of Aviva Global (which
we refer to as WNS Global Singapore following our acquisition in July 2008) as fiscal 2010 has the
amortization cost for the full twelve month period as opposed to the partial nine month period in
fiscal 2009.
Operating Income. Income from operations in fiscal 2010 was $24.6 million compared to $28.7 million
in fiscal 2009, due to the reasons discussed above. Income from operations as a percentage of
revenue was 4.2% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 5.5% in fiscal 2009. Income from operations as a
percentage of revenue less repair payments was 6.3% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 7.4% in fiscal
2009.
Other Expenses (Income), Net. Other expenses, net in fiscal 2010 was $7.0 million as compared to
other expenses, net of $5.6 million in fiscal 2009, representing an increase of $1.4 million, primarily on
account of (i) a decrease in other income by $1.0 million to $1.7 million in fiscal 2010 as
compared to $2.7 million in fiscal 2009 and (ii) an increase in foreign exchange loss of $0.4
million to $8.7 million in fiscal 2010 as compared to $8.3 million in fiscal 2009.
Interest Expenses. Interest expenses in fiscal 2010 was $13.8 million primarily due to interest for
the full 12-month period paid on the Term Loan taken to fund the AVIVA transaction as compared to
$11.8 million interest for the partial nine-month period paid on the loan in fiscal 2009.
Page 70
Provision for Income Taxes. Provision for income taxes in fiscal 2010 was $1.0 million, a decrease
of 70.1% over our provision for income taxes of $3.3 million in fiscal 2009. This decrease is
primarily on account of lower taxable income in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. Tax as a
percentage of net income before tax was 27.1% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 29.7% in fiscal 2009.
Net Income . Net income in fiscal 2010 was $2.7 million as compared to
$7.9 million in fiscal 2009. Net income as a percentage of revenue was 0.5% in fiscal
2010 as compared to 1.5% in fiscal 2009. Net income as a percentage of revenue less
repair payments was 0.7% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 2.1% in fiscal 2009.
Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest. Net
loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest in fiscal 2010 was $1.0 million as compared to $0.3 million in fiscal 2009.
This was primarily on account of losses in our joint venture in the Philippines.
Net Income attributable to WNS Shareholders. Net income attributable to WNS shareholders in fiscal
2010 was $3.7 million as compared to $8.2 million in fiscal 2009. Net income attributable to WNS
shareholders as a percentage of revenue was 0.6% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 1.6% in fiscal 2009.
Net income attributable to WNS shareholders as percentage of revenue less repair payments was 1.0%
in fiscal 2010 as compared to 2.1% in fiscal 2009.
Fiscal 2009 (Restated) Compared to Fiscal 2008 (Restated)
Revenue. Revenue in fiscal 2009 was $520.9 million, an increase of $82.9 million, or 18.9%, over
our revenue of $438.0 million in fiscal 2008. This increase in revenue of $82.9 million was
primarily attributable to an increase in revenue from new clients of $57.6 million and, to a lesser
extent, an increase in revenue from existing clients of $25.3 million. Of the $82.9 million
increase in revenue, Call 24-7 and BizAps, which we acquired in April 2008 and June 2008,
respectively, contributed $37.1 million and $3.3 million, respectively. Some of the clients of Call
24-7 and BizAps that contributed to such revenue were existing clients of WNS prior to the
respective acquisitions and some
were new to WNS. The increase in revenue from existing clients was
primarily attributable to the AVIVA transaction.
The increase in revenue from existing clients was on account of an expansion of the number of
processes that we executed for these clients and an increase in volumes for the existing processes.
Revenue from the UK and North America (primarily the US) accounted for $291.2 million and $130.5
million, respectively, of our revenue for fiscal 2009, representing an increase of 34.3% and 14.7%,
respectively, from fiscal 2008. The increase in revenue from UK was primarily attributable to
the AVIVA transaction. Revenue from Europe (excluding the UK) accounted for $97.7 million of our revenue for fiscal
2009, representing a decrease of 6.2% from fiscal 2008 primarily on account of a decrease in the
volume of business from existing clients.
Revenue Less Repair Payments. Revenue less repair payments in fiscal 2009 was $385.0 million, an
increase of $94.4 million, or 32.5%, over our revenue less repair payments of $290.6 million in
fiscal 2008. This increase in revenue less repair payments of $94.4 million was primarily
attributable to an increase in revenue less repair payments from new clients of $54.0 million and
an increase in revenue less repair payments from existing clients of $40.4 million. Of the $94.4
million increase in revenue less repair payments, Call 24-7 and BizAps, which we acquired in April
2008 and June 2008, respectively, contributed $36.5 million and $3.3 million, respectively. Some of
the clients of Call 24-7 and BizAps that contributed to such revenue were existing clients of WNS
prior to their respective acquisitions and some were new to WNS. The increase in revenue less
repair payments from existing clients was primarily attributable to
the AVIVA transaction. The increase in revenue
less repair payments from existing clients was on account of expansion of the number of processes
that we executed for these clients and an increase in volumes for the existing processes. Contract
prices across the various types of processes remained substantially stable over this period.
Revenue less repair payments from the UK, Europe (excluding the UK) and North America (primarily
the US) accounted for $224.2 million, $28.9 million and $130.5 million, respectively, of our
revenue less repair payments in fiscal 2009, representing an increase of 53.4%, 5.2% and 14.7%,
respectively, from fiscal 2008. We realized an increase in revenue less repair payments in our BFSI
business unit, and to a lesser extent, in our emerging businesses unit. However, we experienced a
decrease in revenue less repair payments in our industrial and infrastructure business unit and, to
a lesser extent, in our travel and leisure business unit.
Cost of Revenue. Cost of revenue in fiscal 2009 was 75.2% of revenue as compared to 78.0% of
revenue in fiscal 2008. Cost of revenue in fiscal 2009 was $391.8 million, an increase of $50.2
million, or 14.7%, over our cost of revenue of $341.6 million in fiscal 2008. Cost of revenue
excluding payments made to repair centers for our fault repair services increased by $61.7
million for fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008. Payments made to repair centers decreased by
$11.5 million to $135.9 million in fiscal 2009 from $147.4 million in fiscal 2008 mainly due to
decreased business from existing clients of WNS Assistance, our auto claims business.
Infrastructure costs increased by $42.0 million mainly on account of payments made to the repair
centers by Call 24-7 for its non-fault repair services. In addition, operating
Page 71
employee
compensation increased by $18.5 million due to an increase in headcount and wages. The increase in
headcount was primarily attributable to our acquisition of WNS Global Singapore. Share-based
compensation cost included in operating
employee compensation increased by $1.2 million in fiscal
2009 as compared to fiscal 2008 due to the grant of new RSUs in fiscal 2009. Depreciation cost
increased by $3.2 million mainly due to the opening of new delivery centers, one each in the
Philippines and Romania, and the acquisition of delivery centers in Pune, Bangalore, Chennai and
Sri Lanka in connection with our acquisition of WNS Global Singapore. The increase was partially
offset by a decrease in travel costs by $2.0 million
Gross Profit. Gross profit in fiscal 2009 was $129.1 million, or 24.8% of revenue, as compared to
$96.5 million, or 22.0% of revenue, in fiscal 2008. Gross profit as a percentage of revenue less
repair payments was 33.5% in fiscal 2009 compared to 33.2% in fiscal 2008. Gross profit as a
percentage of revenue less repair payments increased by approximately 0.3% in fiscal 2009 as
compared to fiscal 2008 primarily on account of an increase in revenue less repair payments of
$94.4 million as discussed above.
SG&A Expenses. SG&A expenses in fiscal 2009 were $75.5 million, an increase of 3.9% over our SG&A
expenses of $72.7 million in fiscal 2008. This increase was primarily on account of (i) an increase
in non-operating employee compensation cost by $11.0 million due to an increase in headcount and
wages, including an increase in share-based compensation costs by $5.4 million, and (ii) an
increase in facilities costs by $1.7 million due primarily to the setting up of new delivery
centers, one each in Romania and the Philippines, and the acquisition of delivery centers in Pune,
Bangalore, Chennai and Sri Lanka in connection with our acquisition of WNS Global Singapore. The
increase was partially offset by (i) a decrease in other administration related expenses such as
communication costs and marketing costs by $2.0 million, (ii) a decrease in fringe benefit tax
payable by us on the allotment of shares pursuant to the exercise, on or after April 1, 2008, of
options and RSUs granted to employees by $1.8 million, (iii) a decrease in other employee related
costs such as recruitment and training costs by $1.8 million, (iv) a decrease in travel expenses by
$1.4 million, (v) a decrease in the provision for bad debts by $1.2 million, (vi) a decrease in
professional fees by $0.9 million, and
(vii) a decrease in other taxes by $0.8 million. The decreases in respect of items (i), (iii), (iv)
and (vi) were primarily on account of cost control measures implemented by us in fiscal 2009. SG&A
expenses as a percentage of revenue was 14.5% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 16.6% in fiscal 2008.
SG&A expenses as a percentage of revenue less repair payments was 19.6% in fiscal 2009 as compared
to 25.0% in fiscal 2008.
Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization of intangible assets was $24.9 million in fiscal
2009, an increase of $22.0 million over $2.9 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was on account of
amortization of intangible assets acquired through our acquisitions of Marketics in May 2007 (for
the full 12-month period ended March 31, 2009 as opposed to the partial period for fiscal 2008),
Flovate in June 2007 (for the full 12-month period ended March 31, 2009 as opposed to the partial
period for fiscal 2008), Call 24-7 in April 2008, BizAps in June 2008 and WNS Global Singapore in
July 2008.
Impairment of Goodwill, Intangibles and Other Assets. We performed impairment reviews of goodwill
and intangible assets when FMFC filed a voluntary petition for relief under Chapter 11 of the US
Bankruptcy Code in August 2007. Based on the impairment review, all unamortized goodwill and
intangible assets acquired in connection with the acquisition of Trinity Partners in November 2005
was impaired in August 2007. We had $15.5 million of impairment of goodwill, intangibles and other
assets in fiscal 2008 consisting of impairment of $9.1 million of goodwill and an impairment of
$6.4 million of intangible and other assets acquired with the acquisition of Trinity Partners in
November 2005. We had no impairment of goodwill, intangibles and other assets in fiscal 2009.
Operating Income. Income from operations in fiscal 2009 was $28.7 million compared to $5.4 million
in fiscal 2008, due to the reasons discussed above. Income from operations as a percentage of
revenue was 5.5% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 1.2% in fiscal 2008. Income from operations as a
percentage of revenue less repair payments was 7.4% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 1.9% in fiscal
2008.
Other Expenses (Income), Net. Other expense, net in fiscal 2009 was $5.6 million as compared to
other income, net of $9.2 million in fiscal 2008, primarily on account of (i) a decrease in
interest income by $3.6 million to $2.7 million in fiscal 2009 as compared to $6.3 million in
fiscal 2008 as a result of lower cash balance in fiscal 2009 with the use of cash to fund our
acquisitions in fiscal 2009, and (ii) a foreign exchange loss of $8.3 million in fiscal 2009 as
compared to a foreign exchange gain of $2.9 million in fiscal 2008.
Interest Expenses. Interest expenses in fiscal 2009 were $11.8 million
primarily due to the Term Loan taken to fund the AVIVA transaction. We had no interest expense
in fiscal 2008.
Provision for Income Taxes. Provision for income taxes in fiscal 2009 was $3.3 million, a decrease
of 35.4% over our provision for income taxes of $5.2 million in fiscal 2008. This decrease is
primarily on account of higher deferred tax credits, attributable to higher intangibles due to
acquisitions made by us in fiscal 2009, resulting in lower tax expense. Tax as a percentage of net
income before tax was 29.7% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 35.4% in fiscal 2008.
Page 72
Net Income . Net income in fiscal 2009 was $7.9 million as
compared
to $9.4 million in fiscal 2008. Net income as a percentage of revenue was 1.5% in
fiscal 2009 as compared to 2.2% in fiscal 2008. Net income as a percentage of revenue
less repair payments was 2.1% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 3.3% in fiscal 2008.
Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest. Net loss attributable to
redeemable noncontrolling interest in fiscal 2009 was $0.3 million. This was primarily on account of losses in
our joint venture in the Philippines. There was no net loss attributable to non-controlling
interest in fiscal 2008.
Net Income attributable to WNS Shareholders. Net income attributable to WNS shareholders
in fiscal
2009 was $8.2 million as compared to $9.4 million in fiscal 2008. Net income attributable to WNS
shareholders as a percentage of revenue was 1.6% in fiscal 2009 as compared to 2.2% in fiscal 2008.
Net income attributable to WNS shareholders as percentage of revenue less repair payments was 2.1%
in fiscal 2009 as compared to 3.3% in fiscal 2008.
Results by Reportable Segment
For purposes of evaluating operating performance and allocating resources, we have organized our
company by operating segments. See note 15 to our consolidated financial statements included
elsewhere in this annual report. For financial statement reporting purposes, we aggregate the
segments that meet the criteria for aggregation as set forth in SFAS No. 131, Disclosures about
Segments of an Enterprise and Related Information, or SFAS 131. We have separately reported our
auto claims segment (or WNS Assistance), as it does not meet the aggregation criteria under SFAS
131. Accordingly, pursuant to SFAS 131, we have two reportable segments: WNS Global BPO and WNS
Auto Claims BPO.
WNS Global BPO is primarily delivered out of our offshore delivery centers in India, Sri Lanka, the
Philippines, Romania and Costa Rica. This segment includes all of our business activities with
the exception of WNS Auto Claims BPO. WNS Auto Claims BPO is our automobile claims management
business which is primarily based in the UK and is part of our BFSI business unit. See Item 4.
Information on the Company B. Business Overview Business Process Outsourcing Service
Offerings. We report WNS Auto Claims BPO as a separate segment for financial statement reporting
purposes since a substantial part of our reported revenue in this business consists of amounts
invoiced to our clients for payments made by us to automobile repair centers, resulting in lower
long-term gross margins when measured on the basis of revenue, relative to the WNS Global BPO
segment.
Our revenue is generated primarily from providing business process outsourcing services. In our
WNS
Auto Claims BPO segment, we provide both fault and non-fault repairs. For fault repairs, we
provide claims handling and accident management services, where we arrange for automobile repairs
through a network of third party repair centers. In our accident management services, we act as the
principal in our dealings with the third party repair centers and our clients. The amounts we
invoice to our clients for payments made by us to third party repair centers is reported as
revenue. Since we wholly subcontract the repairs to the repair centers, we evaluate our financial
performance based on revenue less repair payments to third party repair centers which is a non-GAAP
measure. We believe that revenue less repair payments for fault repairs reflects more accurately
the value addition of the business process outsourcing services that we directly provide to our
clients, For non-fault repairs, revenue including repair payments is used as a primary measure to
allocate resources and measure operating performance. As we provide a consolidated suite of
accident management services including credit hire and credit repair for our non-fault repairs
business, we believe that measurement of that line of business has to be on a basis that includes
repair payments in revenue. Revenue less repair payments is a non-GAAP measure which is calculated
as revenue less payments to repair centers. The presentation of this non-GAAP information is not
meant to be considered in isolation or as a substitute for our financial results prepared in
accordance with US GAAP. Our revenue less repair payments may not be comparable to similarly titled
measures reported by other companies due to potential differences in the method of calculation.
Our management allocates resources based on segment revenue less repair payments and measures
segment performance based on revenue less repair payments and to a lesser extent on segment
operating income. The accounting policies of our reportable segments are the same as those of our
company. See Critical Accounting Policies. We may in the future change our reportable segments
based on how our business evolves.
The following table shows revenue and revenue less repair payments for our two reportable
segments for the periods indicated.
Effective April 1, 2009, we have begun to allocate other expense
(income), net, interest expense and income tax expense to WNS Global BPO
and WNS Auto Claims BPO segments because in managements view such presentation is more representative of the respective
segment performance. Segment disclosures for the prior comparable
periods have been changed to give effect to this new classification.
Page 73
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Year Ended March 31, |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009(Restated) |
|
2008(Restated) |
|
|
|
WNS Global |
|
|
WNS Auto |
|
|
WNS Global |
|
|
WNS Auto |
|
|
WNS Global |
|
|
WNS Auto |
|
|
|
BPO |
|
|
Claims BPO |
|
|
BPO |
|
|
Claims BPO |
|
|
BPO |
|
|
Claims BPO |
|
|
|
(US dollars in millions) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment revenue(1) |
|
$ |
341.5 |
|
|
$ |
242.1 |
|
|
$ |
322.9 |
|
|
$ |
198.7 |
|
|
$ |
261.2 |
|
|
$ |
177.9 |
|
Less: Payments to repair centers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
191.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
135.9 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
147.4 |
|
Revenue less repair payments
(1) |
|
|
341.5 |
|
|
|
50.1 |
|
|
|
322.9 |
|
|
|
62.9 |
|
|
|
261.2 |
|
|
|
30.5 |
|
Cost of revenue(2) |
|
|
210.4 |
|
|
|
34.3 |
|
|
|
213.1 |
|
|
|
39.9 |
|
|
|
181.7 |
|
|
|
11.1 |
|
Other costs(3) |
|
|
68.6 |
|
|
|
5.8 |
|
|
|
58.9 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
61.0 |
|
|
|
5.0 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment operating income |
|
|
62.5 |
|
|
|
10.0 |
|
|
|
50.9 |
|
|
|
16.5 |
|
|
|
18.5 |
|
|
|
14.4 |
|
Other expense (income) net |
|
|
9.1 |
|
|
|
(2.1 |
) |
|
|
6.1 |
|
|
|
(0.5 |
) |
|
|
(7.9 |
) |
|
|
(1.3 |
) |
Interest expense |
|
|
13.8 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
11.2 |
|
|
|
0.6 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income before income taxes |
|
|
39.7 |
|
|
|
12.0 |
|
|
|
33.6 |
|
|
|
16.4 |
|
|
|
26.4 |
|
|
|
15.7 |
|
(Provision) benefit for income taxes |
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
(2.9 |
) |
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
(3.6 |
) |
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
(4.9 |
) |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Segment income |
|
$ |
41.5 |
|
|
$ |
9.2 |
|
|
$ |
33.9 |
|
|
$ |
12.8 |
|
|
$ |
26.1 |
|
|
$ |
10.8 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Segment revenue and revenue less repair payments
include inter-segment revenue of $1.1 million for
fiscal 2010, $0.7 million for fiscal 2009 and $1.1
million for fiscal 2008. |
|
(2) |
|
Cost of revenue includes inter-segment expenses of $1.1
million for fiscal 2010, $0.7 million for fiscal 2009
and $1.1 million for fiscal 2008, and excludes
stock-based compensation expenses of $3.7 million for
fiscal 2010, $3.6 million for fiscal 2009 and $2.4
million for fiscal 2008, which are not allocable
between our segments. |
|
(3) |
|
Excludes stock-based compensation expenses (including related
fringe benefit tax) of $11.9
million for fiscal 2010, $10.2 million for fiscal 2009
and $6.7 million for fiscal 2008, which are not
allocable between our segments. SG&A expenses comprise
other costs and stock-based compensation expenses. |
In fiscal 2010, WNS Global BPO accounted for 58.6% of our revenue and 87.4% of our revenue less
repair payments, as compared to 62.0% of our revenue and 83.9% of our revenue less repair payments
in fiscal 2009.
WNS Global BPO
Segment Revenue. Revenue in the WNS Global BPO segment increased by 5.7% to
$341.5 million in
fiscal 2010 from $322.9 million in fiscal 2009. This increase was primarily driven by an increase
in the volume of transactions executed for new clients, which contributed $10.8 million of the
increase, and an expansion of the number of processes executed for existing clients and
on account of revenue contribution from WNS Global Singapore for the full twelve month period in fiscal 2010 as opposed to the partial nine month period in fiscal 2009, which contributed $7.8 million of the increase.
Revenue in the WNS Global BPO segment increased by 23.6% to $322.9 million in fiscal 2009
from
$261.2 million in fiscal 2008. This increase was primarily driven by an increase in the volume of
transactions executed for existing clients, which contributed $44.3 million of the increase, and an
increase in revenue from new clients, which contributed $17.4 million of the increase. BizAps,
which we acquired in June 2008, contributed $3.3 million of revenue.
Contract prices across the various types of processes remained substantially stable over these
periods.
Segment Operating Income. Segment operating income in the WNS Global BPO segment increased
by 22.8%
to $62.5 million in fiscal 2010 from $50.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase was primarily
attributable to an increase in segment revenue.
The key components of our cost of revenue are employee costs (which comprise employee salaries
and
costs related to
Page 74
recruitment, training and retention), infrastructure-related costs (which comprise
depreciation charges, lease rentals, facilities management costs and telecommunication network
costs), and travel related costs. Employee related costs represent the largest component of our
cost of revenue for the WNS Global BPO segment. Our cost of revenue decreased by $2.7 million to
$210.4 million in fiscal 2010 from $213.1 million in fiscal 2009, primarily on account of a
decrease in infrastructure costs by $7.3 million, a decrease in depreciation costs by $0.8 million
and a decrease in travel cost by $0.6 million, partially offset by an increase in employee costs
and wages by $6.0 million due to an increase in headcount and wages.
The key components of our other costs are employee costs for sales and marketing,
general
and administrative and other support personnel, travel expenses, legal and professional fees, brand
building expenses, and other general expenses not related to cost of revenue. Our other costs
increased by $9.7 million to $68.6 million in fiscal 2010
from $58.9 million in fiscal 2009. The
increase in other costs was primarily on account of (i) an increase in non-operating employee
compensation by $10.0 million, (ii) an increase in facilities costs by $1.2 million, (iii) an
increase in other administration costs by $0.7 million and (iv) an increase in other employee
related costs such as recruitment and training cost by $0.5 million. These increases were partially
offset by (i) a decrease in professional fees by $1.1 million, (ii) a decrease in the fringe
benefit tax by $1.0 million, (iii) a decrease in other tax expense by $0.3 million and (iv) a
decrease in travel expenses by $0.3 million. Segment operating margin for fiscal 2010 increased by
2.5% to 18.3% of revenue as compared to fiscal 2009.
Segment
operating income in the WNS Global BPO segment increased by 175.1% to
$50.9 million
in
fiscal 2009 from $18.5 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to an
increase in segment revenue.
Our cost of revenue increased by $31.4 million to $213.1 million in fiscal 2009 from
$181.7
million in fiscal 2008, primarily on account of an increase in infrastructure costs by $18.0
million, an increase in depreciation costs by $3.6 million due to the opening of new delivery
centers, one each in Romania and the Philippines, and the acquisition of delivery centers in Pune,
Bangalore, Chennai and Sri Lanka in connection with our acquisition of WNS Global Singapore, and an
increase in employee costs and wages by $11.9 million due to the increase in headcount primarily on
account of our acquisition of Aviva Global. The increase in cost of revenue was partially
offset by a decrease in travel cost by $2.1 million.
Our other
costs decreased by $2.1 million to $58.9 million in fiscal
2009 from $61.0
million in fiscal 2008. The decrease in other costs was primarily on account of a decrease in our
administration costs by $3.7 million, a decrease in travel expenses by $1.4 million and a decrease
in professional fees by $1.1 million, partially offset by an increase in non-operating employee
compensation by $4.1 million. The decrease in our administration
costs by $3.7 million was
primarily due to (i) a decrease in other employee related costs such as recruitment and training cost
by $1.8 million, (ii) a decrease in other administrative
expense by $1.6 million, (iii) a decrease
in bad debts provision of $1.3 million, (iv) a decrease in fringe benefit tax on other expenses by
$0.5 million, and (v) a decrease in other tax expense by $0.3 million, which was partially offset
by an increase in infrastructure cost of $1.6 million and an increase in depreciation cost of $0.2
million due to the opening of new delivery centers, one each in Romania and the Philippines, and
the acquisition of delivery centers in Pune, Bangalore, Chennai and Sri Lanka in connection with
our acquisition of Aviva Global. Segment operating margin for fiscal
2009 increased by 8.7%
to 15.8% of revenue as compared to fiscal 2008.
Segment
Income. Segment net income in the WNS Global BPO segment increased by 22.4% to
$41.5
million in fiscal 2010 from $33.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase was primarily attributable
to an increase in segment operating income.
The key
components of our other income / (expense), net were interest income, other income and
foreign
exchange gains or losses. The other income / (expense), net in fiscal 2010 was an expense of
$9.1 million compared to an expense of $6.1 million in fiscal 2009, an increase of $3.0 million.
This increase was mainly due to higher foreign exchange losses of $0.7 million and higher other
expenses of $2.3 million in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. The other expense in fiscal
2010 was higher mainly on account of a $1.0 million charge related to unwinding of interest rate
swap contract resulting from the $15 million partial pre-payment of the Term Loan and lower
interest income of $1.3 million.
The interest expense for fiscal 2010 was $13.8 million as compared to $11.2 million in
fiscal 2009
as the interest expense was primarily due to interest for the full 12 month period on the Term Loan as compared to interest paid for the partial nine month period in fiscal 2009.
Income tax in fiscal 2010 was a benefit of $1.9 million as compared to a benefit of
$0.3 million
in fiscal 2009. The income tax benefit in fiscal 2009 was lower on
account of a $1.1 million dividend tax expense on
an upstream distribution of dividend from an Indian subsidiary to its holding company.
Page 75
Segment
net income in the WNS Global BPO segment increased by 29.9% to $33.9 million in
fiscal 2009
from $26.1 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to increase in segment
operating income.
The other income / (expense), net in fiscal 2009 was an expense of $6.1 million
compared to an
income of $7.9 million in fiscal 2008 representing, an increase of $14.0 million. This increase was mainly due
to higher foreign exchange losses of $11.1 million and lower interest income of $2.9 million in
fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008. The interest income in fiscal 2009 was lower due to lower
cash balance after acquisition of Aviva Global.
The interest expense in fiscal 2009 was $11.2 million. There was no interest expense in
fiscal
2008.
Income tax in fiscal 2009 was a benefit of $0.3 million as compared to a charge of
$0.3 million in
fiscal 2008. The income tax in fiscal 2009 was lower on account of deferred tax credits,
attributable to higher intangibles due to acquisitions made by us in fiscal 2009, partially offset
by a $1.1 million dividend tax on an upstream distribution of dividend from an Indian subsidiary to
its holding company.
WNS Auto Claims BPO
Segment Revenue. Revenue in the WNS Auto Claims BPO segment increased by 21.8% to
$242.1 million in
fiscal 2010 from $198.7 million in fiscal 2009. This increase of $43.3 million was primarily on
account of an increase in revenue from existing clients of $31.3 million and an increase in revenue
from new clients of $12.0 million. Payments made to repair centers in fiscal 2010 were $191.9
million, an increase of 41.3% from $135.9 million in fiscal 2009. The increase in revenue from
existing clients and the increase in payments made to repair centers are primarily due to an
increase in the repair costs associated with payments made to repair centers for the clients of our
auto claims business. Revenue less repair payments in this segment
decreased by 20.3% to $50.1
million in fiscal 2010 from $62.9 million in fiscal 2009
primarily due to a change in mix between revenue less repair
payments and revenue and, to a lesser extent,
to an adverse foreign exchange rate movement of the pound sterling to US dollar by an average of 7.2% in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009.
Revenue in the WNS Auto Claims BPO segment increased by 11.7% to $198.7 million in fiscal
2009 from
$177.9 million in fiscal 2008, primarily due to our acquisition of Chang Limited in April 2008.
This increase of $20.8 million was primarily on account of an increase in revenue from new clients
of $40.2 million which was partially offset by a decrease in revenue from existing clients of $19.4
million. Payments made to repair centers in fiscal 2009 were $135.9 million, a decrease of 7.8%
from $147.4 million in fiscal 2008. The decrease in revenue from existing clients and the decrease
in payments made to repair centers are primarily due to a decrease in the volume of transactions
executed for the existing clients of WNS Assistance. Revenue less repair payments in this segment
increased by 106.1% to $62.9 million in fiscal 2009 from $30.5 million in fiscal 2008, primarily
due to our acquisition of Chang Limited.
Segment Operating Income. Segment operating income decreased by 39.3% to
$10.0 million in
fiscal 2010 from $16.5 million in fiscal 2009. The decrease of $6.5 million was primarily on
account of an increase in cost of revenue partially offset by a decrease in other costs. Our cost
of revenue increased by $50.4 million to $226.2 million in fiscal 2010 from $175.8 million in
fiscal 2009. The increase in cost of revenue was primarily on account of an increase in payments to
repair centers by $56.0 million to $191.9 million in fiscal 2010 from $135.9 million in fiscal
2009, partially offset by a decrease in cost of revenue excluding payments made to repair centers
by $5.6 million to $34.3 million in fiscal 2010 from $39.9 million in fiscal 2009. The decrease in
cost of revenue excluding payments made to repair centers was primarily on account of a decrease in
infrastructure related costs by $4.1 million, a decrease in our employee costs by $1.8 million,
partially offset by an increase in depreciation cost by $0.2 million. Our other costs decreased by
$0.6 million to $5.8 million in fiscal 2010 from $6.4 million in fiscal 2009 due to a decrease in
employee costs by $0.7 million, which was partially offset by an increase in bad debt costs by $0.1
million. Our travel costs remained stable during this period. Segment operating margin for fiscal
2010 decreased by 4.2% to 4.1% of revenue as compared to 8.3% in fiscal 2009. Segment operating
income as a percentage of revenue less repair was 20.0% in fiscal 2010 as compared to 26.3% in
fiscal 2009.
Segment
operating income increased by 14.7% to $16.5 million in fiscal 2009 from
$14.4 million
in fiscal 2008. The increase of $2.1 million was primarily on account of an increase in revenue
from the addition of new clients due to our acquisition of Chang Limited which was partially offset
by an increase in our cost of revenue and other costs. Our cost of revenue increased by $17.3
million to $175.8 million in fiscal 2009 from $158.5 million in fiscal 2008. The increase in cost
of revenue was primarily on account of an increase in infrastructure related costs by $24.1
million, an increase in our employee costs by $5.1 million, and an increase in travel costs by $0.1
million. This increase was partially offset by a decrease in payments to repair centers by $11.5
million to $135.9 million in fiscal 2009 from $147.4 million in fiscal 2008 and a decrease in
depreciation cost by $0.5 million. Our other costs increased by $1.4 million to $6.4 million in
fiscal 2009 from $5.0 million in fiscal 2008 due to an increase in employee costs by $1.4 million
and an increase in professional expenses by $0.2 million, which was partially offset by a decrease
in the administration costs by
Page 76
$0.2 million. Our travel costs remained stable during this period. Segment operating margin
for fiscal
2009 increased by 0.2% to 8.3% of revenue as compared to 8.1% in fiscal 2008. Segment operating
income as a percentage of revenue less repair was 26.3% in fiscal
2009 as compared to 47.3% in fiscal 2008.
Segment Net Income. Segment net income in the WNS Auto Claims BPO segment decreased by
28.1% to
$9.2 million in fiscal 2010 from $12.8 million in fiscal 2009. The decrease was primarily
attributable to a decrease in segment operating income.
The key components of our other income / (expense), net were interest and other income and
foreign
exchange gains or losses. The other income / (expense), net for fiscal 2010 was an income of
$2.1 million compared to an income of $0.5 million in fiscal 2009, representing an increase of $1.6 million.
This increase was mainly due to a higher foreign exchange gain of $0.2 million and higher other income
of $1.4 million in fiscal 2010 as compared to fiscal 2009. The other income in fiscal 2010 was
higher primarily on account of collection of written off debt.
The
interest expense in fiscal 2010 was $0.1 million as compared to
interest expense of $0.6
million in fiscal 2009, a decrease of $0.5 million. This decrease in interest expense was mainly
due to short term credit facilities availed by us in fiscal 2009,
which was repaid in fiscal 2010.
Income tax in fiscal 2010 was a charge of $2.9 million as compared to a charge of
$3.6 million in
fiscal 2009. The income tax in fiscal 2010 was lower on account of lower profit before tax.
Segment net income in the WNS Auto Claims BPO segment increased by 18.1% to $12.8 million in
fiscal
2009 from $10.8 million in fiscal 2008. The increase was primarily attributable to an increase in
segment operating income.
The other income / (expense), net in fiscal 2009 was an income of $0.5 million compared
to an
income of $1.3 million in fiscal 2008, representing a decrease of $0.8 million. This decrease was mainly due to
higher foreign exchange losses of $0.1 million and lower interest and other income of $0.7 million
in fiscal 2009 as compared to fiscal 2008.
The interest expense in fiscal 2009 was $0.6 million. There was no interest expense or
income in
fiscal 2008.
Income tax charge in fiscal 2009 was $3.6 million as compared to a charge of
$4.9 million in
fiscal 2008. The income tax in fiscal 2009 was lower on account of lower profit before tax.
Quarterly Results
The following table presents unaudited quarterly financial information for each of our last eight
fiscal quarters on a historical basis. We believe the quarterly information contains all
adjustments necessary to fairly present this information. As a business process outsourcing
services provider, we anticipate and respond to demand from our clients. Accordingly, we have
limited control over the timing and circumstances under which our services are provided. Typically,
we show a decrease in our first-quarter margins as a result of salary increases. For these and
other reasons, we can experience variability in our operating results from quarter to quarter. The
operating results for any quarter are not necessarily indicative of the results for any future
period.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2010 |
|
Fiscal 2009(Restated) |
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Unaudited, US dollars in millions) |
Revenue(1) |
|
$ |
157.6 |
|
|
$ |
145.8 |
|
|
$ |
146.0 |
|
|
$ |
133.1 |
|
|
$ |
126.4 |
|
|
$ |
130.9 |
|
|
$ |
144.8 |
|
|
$ |
118.8 |
|
Cost of revenue |
|
|
123.5 |
|
|
|
110.7 |
|
|
|
109.1 |
|
|
|
95.9 |
|
|
|
93.7 |
|
|
|
94.1 |
|
|
|
109.8 |
|
|
|
94.3 |
|
Gross profit |
|
|
34.1 |
|
|
|
35.1 |
|
|
|
36.9 |
|
|
|
37.1 |
|
|
|
32.8 |
|
|
|
36.8 |
|
|
|
35.0 |
|
|
|
24.5 |
|
Operating expenses: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
SG&A expenses |
|
|
22.8 |
|
|
|
20.6 |
|
|
|
22.1 |
|
|
|
20.8 |
|
|
|
17.1 |
|
|
|
18.9 |
|
|
|
21.3 |
|
|
|
18.2 |
|
Amortization of intangibles assets |
|
|
8.1 |
|
|
|
8.1 |
|
|
|
8.1 |
|
|
|
8.2 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
7.4 |
|
|
|
8.0 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Page 77
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2010 |
|
Fiscal 2009(Restated) |
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Unaudited, US dollars in millions) |
Operating income (loss) |
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
6.4 |
|
|
|
6.7 |
|
|
|
8.2 |
|
|
|
7.6 |
|
|
|
10.5 |
|
|
|
5.7 |
|
|
|
4.9 |
|
Other expense (income), net |
|
|
(0.8 |
) |
|
|
2.9 |
|
|
|
2.1 |
|
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
(0.3 |
) |
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
1.5 |
|
Interest expense |
|
|
2.8 |
|
|
|
3.5 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
|
|
4.1 |
|
|
|
4.5 |
|
|
|
4.0 |
|
|
|
3.2 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
Provisions
(benefits) for income taxes |
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
0.0 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.7 |
|
|
|
1.9 |
|
|
|
(0.2 |
) |
Net income (loss) |
|
|
0.8 |
|
|
|
(0.1 |
) |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.9 |
|
|
|
2.4 |
|
|
|
1.8 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
Net loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling interest |
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
0.4 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.1 |
|
|
|
0.2 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Net income attributable to WNS shareholders |
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
1.4 |
|
|
|
1.0 |
|
|
|
2.5 |
|
|
|
2.0 |
|
|
|
0.3 |
|
|
|
3.4 |
|
The following table sets forth for the periods indicated selected consolidated financial data:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2010 |
|
Fiscal 2009(Restated) |
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Unaudited) |
Gross profit
as a percentage of
revenue |
|
|
21.6 |
% |
|
|
24.1 |
% |
|
|
25.3 |
% |
|
|
27.9 |
% |
|
|
25.9 |
% |
|
|
28.1 |
% |
|
|
24.2 |
% |
|
|
20.6 |
% |
Operating income
(loss) as a
percentage of
revenue |
|
|
2.1 |
% |
|
|
4.4 |
% |
|
|
4.6 |
% |
|
|
6.1 |
% |
|
|
6.0 |
% |
|
|
8.0 |
% |
|
|
3.9 |
% |
|
|
4.1 |
% |
Gross profit as a
percentage of
revenue less repair
payments |
|
|
35.2 |
% |
|
|
36.5 |
% |
|
|
37.0 |
% |
|
|
37.9 |
% |
|
|
34.5 |
% |
|
|
37.1 |
% |
|
|
32.2 |
% |
|
|
29.9 |
% |
Operating income
(loss) as a
percentage of
revenue less repair
payments |
|
|
3.3 |
% |
|
|
6.7 |
% |
|
|
6.7 |
% |
|
|
8.4 |
% |
|
|
8.0 |
% |
|
|
10.6 |
% |
|
|
5.2 |
% |
|
|
5.9 |
% |
Page 78
The following table reconciles our revenue (a GAAP measure) to revenue less repair payments (a
non-GAAP measure):
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Fiscal 2010 |
|
Fiscal 2009(Restated) |
|
|
Three Months Ended |
|
Three Months Ended |
|
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
March |
|
December |
|
September |
|
June |
|
|
2010 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2009 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
2008 |
|
|
|
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
(Restated) |
|
|
(Unaudited, US dollars in millions) |
Revenue |
|
$ |
157.6 |
|
|
$ |
145.8 |
|
|
$ |
146.0 |
|
|
$ |
133.1 |
|
|
$ |
126.4 |
|
|
$ |
130.9 |
|
|
$ |
144.8 |
|
|
$ |
118.8 |
|
Less: Payments to
repair centers |
|
|
60.9 |
|
|
|
49.5 |
|
|
|
46.3 |
|
|
|
35.2 |
|
|
|
31.4 |
|
|
|
31.7 |
|
|
|
36.1 |
|
|
|
36.7 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Revenue less
repair payments |
|
$ |
96.7 |
|
|
$ |
96.3 |
|
|
$ |
99.7 |
|
|
$ |
97.9 |
|
|
$ |
95.0 |
|
|
$ |
99.2 |
|
|
$ |
108.7 |
|
|
$ |
82.1 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Note: |
|
(1) |
|
The financial information for the quarters from and
including the quarter ended June 2008 reflects the
acquisitions of BizAps in June 2008. The financial
information for the quarters from and including the
quarter ended September 2008 reflects our acquisition
of Aviva Global in July 2008. |
Contractual Obligations
Our
principal commitments consist of expected principal cash payments
relating to our long term debt, obligations under operating leases for office space, which
represent minimum lease payments for office space, and purchase obligations for property and equipment. The following table sets out our total future contractual
obligations as of March 31, 2010 on a consolidated basis:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Payments Due By Period |
|
|
|
Total |
|
|
Less than 1 Year |
|
|
1-3 Years |
|
|
3-5 Years |
|
|
More than 5 Years |
|
|
|
(US dollars in thousands) |
|
Term Loan |
|
$ |
135,000 |
|
|
$ |
40,000 |
|
|
$ |
95,000 |
|
|
$ |
|
|
|
$ |
|
|
Operating leases |
|
|
92,856 |
|
|
|
20,449 |
|
|
|
28,471 |
|
|
|
22,186 |
|
|
|
21,750 |
|
Purchase obligations |
|
|
2,673 |
|
|
|
2,673 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total |
|
$ |
230,529 |
|
|
$ |
63,122 |
|
|
$ |
123,471 |
|
|
$ |
22,186 |
|
|
$ |
21,750 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Uncertain
income tax liabilities totaling $5.9 million are excluded from the
table because we cannot make a reasonable estimate of the
period of cash settlement with the relevant taxing authority.
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
We have no off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations.
Tax Assessment Orders
Transfer pricing regulations which we are subject require that any international transaction
among
WNS and its subsidiaries, or the WNS group enterprises, be on arms-length terms. We believe that
the international transactions among the WNS group enterprises are on arms-length terms. If,
however, the applicable tax authorities determine the transactions among the WNS group enterprises
do not meet arms length criteria, we may incur increased tax liability, including accrued interest
and penalties. This would cause our tax expense to increase, possibly materially, thereby reducing
our profitability and cash flows. The applicable tax authorities may also disallow deductions or
tax holiday benefits claimed by us and assess additional taxable income on us in connection with
their review of our tax returns.
From time to time, we receive orders of assessment from the Indian tax authorities assessing
additional taxable income on us and/or our subsidiaries in connection with their review of our tax
returns. We currently have a few orders of assessment outstanding and are vigorously disputing
those assessments. We have described below assessment orders that we believe could be material to
our company given the magnitude of the claim. In case of disputes, the Indian tax authorities may
require us to deposit with them all or a portion of the disputed amount pending resolution of the
matter on appeal. Any amount paid by us as deposits will be refunded to us with interest if we
succeed in our appeals.
In January 2009, we received an order of assessment from the Indian tax authorities that
assessed
additional taxable income for fiscal 2005 on WNS Global, our wholly-owned Indian subsidiary, that
could give rise to an estimated Rs. 728.1 million ($16.1 million based on the exchange rate on
March 31, 2010) in additional taxes, including interest of Rs. 225.9 million ($5.0 million based on
the exchange rate on March 31, 2010). The assessment order alleges that the transfer price we
applied to international transactions between WNS Global and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries
was not appropriate, disallows certain expenses claimed as tax deductible by WNS Global and
disallows a tax holiday benefit claimed by us. After consultation with our Indian tax advisors, we
believe the chances that we would be able to overturn the assessment on appeal are strong and we
intend to continue to vigorously dispute the assessment. Furthermore, first level Indian appellate
authorities have recently ruled in our favor in our dispute against an assessment order assessing
additional taxable income for fiscal 2004 on WNS Global based on similar allegations on transfer
Page 79
pricing and tax deductibility of similar expenses and overturned the assessment. Although this
ruling is not binding on
the appellate authorities hearing our dispute on the aforesaid assessment on fiscal 2005 received
in January 2009, we believe it will serve as persuasive authority in support of our position. In
March 2009, we deposited Rs. 10.0 million ($0.2 million based on the exchange rate on March 31,
2010) with the Indian tax authorities pending resolution of the dispute.
In March 2009, we received from the Indian service tax authority an assessment order
demanding
payment of Rs. 346.2 million ($7.7 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) of service
tax and related interest and penalty for the period from March 1, 2003 to January 31, 2005. The
assessment order alleges that service tax is payable in India on BPO services provided by WNS
Global to clients. After consultation with our Indian tax advisors, we believe the chances that the
assessment would be upheld against us are remote. We intend to continue to vigorously dispute the
assessment.
On October 31, 2009, we received an order of assessment from the transfer pricing
officer
of the Indian tax authorities. The transfer pricing assessment order alleges that the transfer pricing we applied to international
transactions between WNS Global
and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries for fiscal 2006 was not
appropriate. On November 30, 2009, we received a draft
order of assessment from the Indian tax authorities incorporating the above transfer pricing order
that assessed additional taxable income for fiscal 2006 on WNS Global that could give rise to an
estimated Rs. 759.9 million ($16.8 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) in
additional taxes, including interest of Rs. 235.9 million ($5.2 million based on the exchange rate
on March 31, 2010). In addition to giving effect to the transfer pricing assessment order, the draft
assessment order also disallows certain expenses claimed as tax deductible by WNS Global and
disallows a tax holiday benefit claimed by us.
We have disputed the draft assessment order and have filed an appeal before the Dispute
Resolution
Panel, or DRP, a panel recently set by Government of India as an alternative to first appellate
authority. The final order of assessment is expected to be passed in the month of September or
October 2010 following the receipt of the order passed by DRP which is expected to occur in the
second fiscal quarter of 2011. We do not agree with the transfer pricing officers basis of making
the assessment, transfer pricing methodologies and the amount of the assessment. After consultation
with our Indian tax advisors, we believe that the chances of the order, upon challenge, being
sustained at the higher appellate authorities are remote and we intend to vigorously dispute the
assessment. We may be required to deposit with the tax authorities all or a portion of the disputed
amount pending final resolution of the matter.
No assurance can be given, however, that we will prevail in our tax disputes. If we do not
prevail,
payment of additional taxes, interest and penalties may adversely affect our results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows. There can also be no assurance that we will not receive similar
or additional orders of assessment in the future.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Our capital requirements are principally for debt repayment, the establishment of operations
facilities to support our growth and for acquisitions. Our sources of liquidity include cash flow
from operations, supplemented by equity and short-term debt financing as required. In July 2008, we
obtained the Term Loan to fund, together with existing cash and cash equivalents, the AVIVA
transaction described above.
In fiscal 2010 and 2009, our net income attributable to WNS shareholders was $3.7 million and $8.2 million,
respectively. By
implementing our growth strategy (see Item 4. Information on the Company B. Business Overview
Business Strategy), we intend to generate higher revenue in the future in an effort to maintain
our profitable position.
As of March 31, 2010, we had cash and cash equivalents of $32.3 million. We typically
seek to
invest our available cash on hand in bank deposits or short-term money market accounts. As of March
31, 2010, we had an unused line of credit of Rs. 353.9 million ($7.8 million based on the exchange
rate on March 31, 2010) from The Hongkong and Shanghai Banking Corporation Limited.
As of March 31, 2010, the line of credit at Call 24-7, consisting of an overdraft and
invoice
discounting facility from the Yorkshire bank, plc was closed. As of March 31, 2009, $4.3 million
was outstanding from this facility.
In May 2007, we completed the acquisition of Marketics. The consideration for the
acquisition is an
initial payment of $30.0 million in May 2007 and a contingent earn-out consideration of $33.7
million calculated based on the performance and results of operations of Marketics for its fiscal
year ended March 31, 2008 which was paid in July 2008. 75.1% of the share capital of Marketics was
transferred to us in May 2007 and the remaining 24.9% of the share capital of Marketics was
transferred to us in July 2008 pursuant to the payment of the contingent earn-out consideration. We
paid the initial $30.0 million payment from our cash and cash equivalents (including the net
proceeds to us from our initial public offering) in May 2007 and the $33.3 million contingent
earn-out consideration also from our cash and cash equivalents in July 2008. We have consolidated
100% of the results of operation of Marketics from May 1, 2007.
Page 80
In June 2007, we completed the acquisition of Flovate (which we subsequently renamed as WNS
Workflow
Technologies Limited). We paid £3.3 million in cash in June 2007 and deposited into an escrow
account an additional retention amount of £0.7 million, which has since been paid to the selling
shareholders.
In April 2008, we completed the acquisition of Chang Limited. The consideration for the
acquisition
was an initial payment of $16.7 million and a contingent earn-out consideration of up to $3.2
million to be calculated based on the performance and results of operations of Chang Limited for
its fiscal year ended March 31, 2009 payable in April 2009. We paid the initial $16.7 million
payment from cash generated from operating activities and existing cash and cash equivalents. In
October 2008, the sellers and we have agreed that no earn-out consideration is payable. In
addition, the sellers refunded to us $1.1 million from the initial payment of $16.0 million as
certain agreed performance parameters as set forth under the acquisition agreement were not met.
In June 2008, we completed the acquisition of BizAps. The consideration for the acquisition
is an
initial payment of $9.7 million and a contingent earn-out consideration of up to $9.0 million to be
calculated based on the performance and results of operations of BizAps for its fiscal years ending
June 30, 2009 and 2010 payable in July 2010. We paid the initial $9.7 million payment from cash
generated from operating activities and existing cash and cash equivalents. Consequent to the
satisfaction of certain performance obligations for the 12-month period ended June 30, 2009, we
have paid an earn-out consideration of $1.1 million from our existing cash and cash equivalents.
Such amount is recorded as an addition to goodwill. On June 6,
2010, we entered into an amendment to the acquisition agreement with
the sellers, pursuant to which, except for the earn-out payable based
on the sellers introductions to us of parties interested in
contracting with us for BPO business, we settled
the earn-out consideration for all other performance obligations for the period ending on June 30, 2010 at $0.4 million, which is payable
subject to the fulfillment of certain conditions by July 2010.
In July 2008, we entered into the AVIVA transaction. For more information on the AVIVA
transaction,
see Revenue Our Contracts above. The purchase price paid to AVIVA for the AVIVA transaction
was approximately $240.8 million. Legal and professional fees pertaining to this transaction
aggregating to approximately $8.2 million is also considered as part of the acquisition cost.
Accordingly, the total consideration for the AVIVA transaction was approximately $249.0 million. On
July 10, 2008, we obtained the Term Loan to fund, together with existing cash and cash equivalents,
the AVIVA transaction. The facility agreement was amended on April 6, 2009. For more information,
see Outstanding Loans below.
As part of
the AVIVA transaction in July 2008, we became a party to three agreements
pursuant to
which we were granted options to purchase, in three phases, the property located at Magarpatta, Pune, which we
previously leased from the Magarpatta Town Development. We completed the purchase
of the property under the first phase in December 2008 at a total cost of approximately $3.3
million and under the second and third phases in March 2009 at a total cost of approximately $2.1
million. The acquisition of the property has not resulted in additional space being made available.
In August 2009, we agreed to pay AVIVA approximately £3.2 million
($5.3 million) in full and final
settlement towards certain liabilities of Aviva Global that existed as of the date of its
acquisition and the net asset value settlement for Customer Operational Solutions (Chennai) Private
Limited, Noida Customer Operation Private Limited and NTrance Global Services Private Limited
arising out of the sale and purchase agreements relating to the acquisitions of these entities by
WNS Global Singapore. The payment of this liability is being made in 18 equal monthly installments since
December 2009.
Our business strategy requires us to continuously expand our delivery capabilities. We expect to
incur capital expenditure on setting up new delivery centers or expanding existing delivery centers
and setting up related technology to enable offshore execution and management of clients business
processes.
We expect our capital expenditures needs in fiscal 2011 to be approximately $16.0 million.
As of
March 31, 2010, we had commitments for capital expenditures of $2.7 million relating to the
purchase of property and equipment for our delivery centers. We believe that our anticipated cash
generated from operating activities and, cash and cash equivalents in hand will be sufficient to
meet out estimated capital expenditures for fiscal 2011. However, under the current extreme market
conditions as discussed under Global Economic Conditions above, there can be no assurance that
our business activity would be maintained at the expected level to generate the anticipated cash
flows from operations. If the current market conditions persist or further deteriorate, we may
experience a decrease in demand for our services, resulting in our cash flows from operations being
lower than anticipated. If our cash flows from operations is lower than anticipated, including as a
result of the ongoing downturn in the market conditions or otherwise, we may need to obtain
additional financing to pursue certain of our expansion plans. Further, we may in the future
consider making acquisitions which we expect to be able to finance partly or fully from cash
generated from operating activities. If we have significant growth through acquisitions or require
additional operating facilities beyond those currently planned to service new client contracts, we
may also need to obtain additional financing. If current market conditions continue to persist or
deteriorate further, we may not be able to obtain additional financing or any such additional
financing may be available to us on unfavorable terms. An inability to pursue additional
opportunities will have a material adverse effect on our ability to maintain our desired level of
revenue growth in future periods.
Page 81
Outstanding Loans
In July 2008, we entered into the Term Loan to finance our transaction with AVIVA described
under
Revenue Our Contracts above. We drew down
the full amount of $200.0 million under the
facility in July 2008. The arrangers have since syndicated part of the loan to The Hongkong and
Shanghai Banking Corporation and DBS Bank Limited. Interest on the Term Loan is payable on a
quarterly basis. Interest on the Term Loan was initially agreed at a rate equivalent to the
three-month US dollar LIBOR plus 3% per annum, subject to change by the arrangers for the Term Loan
at any time prior to the completion of the syndication of the Term Loan if any such arranger
determined that such change was necessary to ensure a successful syndication of the Term Loan.
Effective from January 10, 2009, the interest rate has increased by 0.5% per annum. The loan is
repayable in semi-annual installments with the final installment payable in January 2013.
Under the facility agreement, we are allowed to make voluntary prepayments of the whole or a part
of the outstanding loan on any interest payment date, without incurring break costs, by giving a
minimum of 10 days notice of prepayment. Pursuant to the prepayment option, we made prepayments of
$5.0 million each on April 14, 2009 and July 10, 2009 and a prepayment of $15.0 million on January
11, 2010. We also made the scheduled installment repayments of the loan of $20.0 million each on
July 10, 2009 and January 10, 2010. As of March 31, 2010, $135.0 million remains outstanding on the
loan.
In connection with the Term Loan, we entered into interest rate swap of $200.0 million with
banks
to swap the variable portion of the interest based on US dollar LIBOR to a fixed average rate of
3.81% per annum. After giving effect to the interest rate swap agreements, we are incurring an
interest rate of 7.31% per annum on the Term Loan, excluding amortization of debt issuance costs
incurred in connection with the Term Loan.
Under the facility agreement, we are required to maintain the following financial covenants: (i)
the ratio of total borrowings to tangible net worth (as defined in the facility agreement) shall
not exceed 2 to 1, (ii) the ratio of total borrowings to adjusted EBITDA (as defined in the
facility agreement) shall not exceed 2.5 to 1, (iii) the ratio of adjusted EBITDA to debt service
shall not be less than 1.3 to 1, and (iv) the ratio of the aggregate amount outstanding under the
facility to the value of the AVIVA master services agreement shall not be more than 100% at any time. As of March 31,
2010, we believe we were in compliance with these covenants.
The facility is secured by, among other things, guarantees provided by us and certain of our
subsidiaries, namely, WNS Capital Investment Limited, WNS Global Services (UK) Limited, or WNS UK,
and WNS North America, Inc., a fixed and floating charge over the assets of WNS UK, pledges of our
shares of WNS Capital Investment Limited, WNS UK, WNS North America, Inc. and WNS (Mauritius)
Limited and charges over certain bank accounts.
Cash Flows from Operating Activities
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $54.3 million for fiscal 2010 as compared
to $62.9
million for fiscal 2009. The decrease in cash flows provided by operating activities for fiscal
2010 as compared to the fiscal 2009 was attributable to a decrease from changes in working capital
by $11.2 million, partially offset by an increase in net income as adjusted by non-cash related
items by $2.6 million. Cash flows from working capital changes decreased by $24.9 million due to
changes in accounts receivable, accounts payable, deferred revenue and other current liabilities in
fiscal 2010 resulting in net cash outflow aggregating to $12.6 million as compared to net cash
inflow of $12.3 million in fiscal 2009. The aforesaid decrease in cash flow from working capital
changes was offset by an increase in cash inflow by $13.7 million from changes in other current
assets in fiscal 2010 resulting in net cash inflow of $5.6 million as compared to net cash outflow
of $8.1 million in fiscal 2009. The increase in net income as adjusted by non-cash related items of
$2.6 million was primarily on account of (i) an increase in depreciation and amortization by $6.9
million primarily due to intangible assets acquired through our acquisition of Aviva Global in July
2008, (ii) an increase in share-based compensation cost by $1.7 million due to a reduction in the
exercise price of the options and RSUs that is considered to be a modification of the options and
RSUs on account of the abolishment of fringe benefit tax in August 2009, (iii) an increase in
allowance for doubtful debts by $0.8 million, (iv) an increase in amortization of rent
rationalization expense $0.7 million, (v) an increase in excess tax benefit by $0.4 million, and
(vi) an increase in amortization of deferred financing cost by $0.2 million, which was partially
offset by (i) a decrease in net income by $5.2 million, (ii) an increase in deferred tax credit by
$2.6 million, and (iii) a decrease in unrealized loss on derivative instruments by $0.3 million.
Cash flows provided by operating activities were $62.9 million for fiscal 2009 as compared
to $41.1
million for fiscal 2008. The increase in cash flows provided by operating activities for fiscal
2009 as compared to the fiscal 2008 was attributable to an increase from changes in working capital
by $12.2 million and an increase in net income as adjusted by non-cash related items by $9.7
million. Cash flows from working capital changes increased by $20.6 million due to changes in
accounts receivable, accounts payable and deferred revenue in fiscal 2009 resulting in net cash
inflow
Page 82
aggregating to $6.6 million as compared to net outflow of $14.0 million in fiscal 2008.
The
decrease in accounts receivable resulted from higher collections from customers in fiscal 2009 and
the increase in deferred revenue was a
result of new contracts in our WNS Auto Claims BPO segment. The aforesaid increase in cash flows
from working capital changes was offset by an increase in net cash outflow by $2.8 million from
changes in other current assets and a decrease in net cash inflow by $5.6 million from changes in
other current liabilities. Other current liabilities increased in fiscal 2009 primarily due to
accrued interest of $3.0 million on the Term Loan and an increase in accrued expenses.
The increase in net income as adjusted by non-cash related items of $9.7 million was primarily on
account of (i) an increase in depreciation and amortization by $25.3 million primarily due to
intangible assets acquired through our acquisition of Call 24-7, BizAps and Aviva Global in fiscal
2009 and (ii) an increase in share-based compensation cost by $6.6 million due to an increase in
RSUs granted in fiscal 2009, which was partially offset by (i) the impairment of intangibles and
goodwill amounting to $15.5 million relating to Trinity Partners, following the bankruptcy of its
major client, FMFC, in fiscal 2008, (ii) a decrease in the provision for doubtful debts by $1.1
million, (iii) a decrease in deferred income taxes by $3.3 million, (iv) a decrease in net income
by $1.6 million and (v) a decrease in amortization of rent rationalization expense $1.0 million.
Cash Flows from Investing Activities
Cash flows used in investing activities were $4.5 million in fiscal 2010 as compared with
$315.6
million in fiscal 2009. The decrease in cash flows used in investing activities in fiscal 2010 from
fiscal 2009 was primarily on account of a higher acquisition cost of $290.9 million paid towards
the transaction with AVIVA and the acquisitions of Chang Limited and BizAps in fiscal 2009 as
compared to the payout of $1.1 million towards earn-out consideration of BizAps in fiscal 2010. The
capital expenditure incurred for leasehold improvements, purchase of computers, furniture, fixtures
and other office equipment associated with expanding the capacity of our delivery centers in fiscal
2010 was $13.3 million which was lower by $9.4 million as compared to $22.7 million in fiscal 2009.
There was a net inflow from maturity of bank deposits and marketable securities of $9.5 million as
compared to a net outflow of $2.3 million in fiscal 2009.
Cash flows used in investing activities were $315.6 million in fiscal 2009 as compared with
$58.5
million in fiscal 2008. The increase in cash flows used in investing activities in fiscal 2009 from
fiscal 2008 was primarily on account of a higher acquisition cost of $290.9 million paid towards
the transaction with AVIVA and the acquisitions of Chang Limited and BizAps in fiscal 2009 as
compared to $36.1 million paid towards the acquisitions of Marketics and Flovate fiscal 2008.
Cash Flows from Financing Activities
Cash outflows from financing activities were $62.2 million in fiscal 2010 as compared to a
cash
inflow of $199.2 million in fiscal 2009. Financing activities in fiscal 2010 consisted primarily of
a prepayment of $25.0 million and scheduled repayments of $40 million on the Term Loan, the
proceeds amounting to $198.8 million of which was received in fiscal 2009.
Cash inflow from financing activities were $199.2 million in fiscal 2009 as compared to $5.6
million in fiscal 2008 primarily due to the receipt of proceeds from the Term Loan of $198.8
million in fiscal 2009.
We believe that our cash flow from operating activities will be sufficient to meet our estimated
capital expenditures, working capital and other cash needs until at least March 31, 2011, the end
of fiscal 2011.
New Accounting Pronouncements
In
October 2009, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB,
issued Accounting Standard Update, or ASU, No. 2009-13, Multiple-Deliverable Revenue Arrangements. This ASU establishes the
accounting and reporting guidance for arrangements including multiple revenue-generating
activities. This ASU provides amendments to the criteria for separating deliverables, measuring and
allocating arrangement consideration to one or more units of accounting. The amendments in this ASU
also establish a selling price hierarchy for determining the selling price of a deliverable.
Significantly enhanced disclosures are also required to provide information about a vendors
multiple-deliverable revenue arrangements, including information about the nature and terms,
significant deliverables, and its performance within arrangements. The amendments also require
providing information about the significant judgments made and changes to those judgments and about
how the application of the relative selling-price method affects the timing or amount of revenue
recognition. The amendments in this ASU are effective prospectively for revenue arrangements
entered into or materially modified in the fiscal years beginning on or after June 15, 2010. Early
application is permitted. We are currently evaluating the impact of the adoption of this new ASU on
our financial statements.
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Adoption of New Accounting Principles
Effective January 1, 2010, the FASB issued ASU No. 2010-06,
Improving Disclosures about Fair Value Measurements, to amend
the disclosure requirements related to recurring and nonrecurring fair
value measurements. The guidance requires new disclosures on the transfers
of assets and liabilities between Level 1 (quoted prices in active market
for identical assets or liabilities) and Level 2 (significant other observable inputs)
of the fair value measurement hierarchy, including the reasons and the timing of
the transfers. Additionally, the guidance requires a roll forward of activities
on purchases, sales, issuance, and settlements of the assets and liabilities
measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3 fair value measurements).
The guidance is effective for interim and annual reporting period beginning
after December 15, 2009, except for the disclosure about purchases, sales, issuance,
and settlements in the roll forward of activity in level 3 fair value measurements
which are effective for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2010,
and for interim periods within those fiscal years. We adopted the disclosure provisions on the transfers of assets and
liabilities between Level 1 and Level 2 in the fiscal quarter ended December 31, 2009.
Effective
July 1, 2009, the FASB issued ASU No. 2009-01, Generally
Accepted Accounting Principles (ASC Topic 105) which establishes the FASB ASC, or the Codification, as the
official single source of authoritative U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. All existing accounting
standards are superseded. The Codification also includes all relevant Securities and Exchange Commission guidance
organized using the same topical structure in separate sections within the Codification. Following the Codification,
the FASB will not issue new standards in the form of Statements, FASB Staff Positions or Emerging Issues Task Force
Abstracts. Instead, it will issue ASU, which will serve to update the Codification, provide background information
about the guidance and provide the basis for conclusions on the changes to the Codification. The Codification is
not intended to change GAAP, but it will change the way GAAP is organized and presented. All other non grandfathered
non-Commission accounting literature not included in the Codification will become non authoritative. We adopted the
Codification from our second fiscal quarter of 2010 financial statements and the principal impact on the financial statements
was limited to disclosures as all future references to authoritative accounting literature will be referenced
in accordance with the Codification.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted ASC 810-10-65 in respect of the noncontrolling interest
in the
operations of WNS Philippines, Inc. and the profits or losses associated with the noncontrolling
interest in these operations. The adoption of ASC 810-10-65 requires reclassification of
amounts previously attributable to minority interest (now referred to as noncontrolling interest)
to a separate component of equity on the balance
sheets. However, pursuant to the application of ASC 480-10
Distinguishing Liabilities from Equity, the
noncontrolling interest has been classified in temporary equity as
redeemable noncontrolling interest (refer to note 21 to our consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this
annual report) and the balance at
March 31, 2009 has been reclassified from minority interest to
redeemable noncontrolling interest. Additionally, (i) net income includes net income or loss attributable to noncontrolling interest; (ii) the components of net
income attributable to WNS shareholders and the net income attributable to noncontrolling interest
are displayed in the statements of income and (iii) losses are allocated to the noncontrolling
interest even if the losses exceed the equity attributable to noncontrolling interest.
The adoption of ASC 810-10-65 did not have any impact on the net
income attributable to WNS shareholders.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted FASB ASC 855-10, Subsequent Events. ASC
855-10 establishes
general standards for accounting and disclosure of events that occur after the balance sheet date
but before financial statements are issued (subsequent events). These standards are largely the
same guidance on subsequent events which previously existed only in auditing literature and
adoption of ASC 855-10 did not result in a material impact on our financial statement.
Effective April 1, 2009, we adopted the provisions of ASC 805-10, Business
Combinations (revised
2007). ASC 805-10 retains the underlying concepts of Statement of Financial Accounting Standards
(SFAS) No. 141, Business Combinations in that all business combinations are still required to
be accounted for at fair value under the acquisition method of accounting, but changes the method
of applying the acquisition method in a number of significant aspects. Acquisition costs will
generally be expensed as incurred; noncontrolling interests will be valued at fair value at the
acquisition date; in-process research and development will be recorded at fair value as an
indefinite-lived intangible asset at the acquisition date; restructuring costs associated with a
business combination will generally be expensed subsequent to the acquisition date; and changes in
deferred tax asset valuation allowances and income tax uncertainties after the acquisition date
generally will affect income tax expense.
ASC 805-10 is effective on a prospective basis for all of business combinations consummated on or
after April 1, 2009, with the exception of the accounting for valuation allowances on deferred
taxes and acquired tax contingencies. ASC 805-10 amends ASC 740, Income Taxes
such that adjustments made to valuation allowances on deferred taxes and acquired tax contingencies
associated with acquisitions that closed prior to the effective date of ASC 805-10 would also apply
the provisions of ASC 805-10.
In April 2009, the FASB issued ASC 320-10-65-1, Recognition and Presentation of
Other-Than-Temporary Impairments. ASC 320-10-65-1 was issued contemporaneously with ASC
820-10-65-4, Determining Fair Value When the Volume and Level of Activity for the Asset or
Liability has Significantly Decreased and Identifying Transactions that are Not Orderly and ASC
825-10-65-1, Interim Disclosures About Fair Value of Financial Instruments. ASC 320-10-65-1
establishes a new model for measuring other than temporary impairments for debt securities,
including establishing criteria for when to recognize a write-down through earnings versus other
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comprehensive income. ASC 820-10-65-4 clarifies the objective and method of fair value
measurement
even when there has been a significant decrease in market activity for the asset being measured.
ASC 825-10-65-1 expands the fair
value disclosures required for all financial instruments within the scope of ASC 825-10-50,
Disclosures about Fair Value of Financial Instruments to interim periods. Our adoption of ASC
320-10-65-1 and ASC 820-10-65-1 did not have any impact on our results of operations, cash flows or
financial position. Our adoption of ASC 825-10-65-1 resulted in increased disclosures in the interim
periods.
In December 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. FAS 132 (R)-1, Employers
Disclosures about
Postretirement Benefit Plan Assets (ASC paragraphs 715-20-50-1 and 50-5 and 715-20-55-16 and
55-17). ASC 715-20 provides guidance on an employers disclosures about plan assets of a defined
benefit pension or other postretirement plan. ASC 715-20 requires entities to disclose more
information about how investment allocation decisions are made, more information about major
categories of plan assets, including concentrations of risk and fair-value measurements, and the
fair-value techniques and inputs used to measure plan assets.
ITEM 6. DIRECTORS, SENIOR MANAGEMENT AND EMPLOYEES
A. Directors and Executive Officers
Our board of directors consists of six directors.
The following table sets forth the name, age (as of May 31, 2010) and position of each of our
directors and executive officers as of the date hereof.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Age |
|
Designation |
Directors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eric B. Herr(1)(2)(3)(4)
|
|
|
62 |
|
|
Non-Executive Chairman |
Keshav R. Murugesh (5)
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
Director and Group Chief Executive Officer |
Jeremy Young
|
|
|
44 |
|
|
Director |
Deepak S. Parekh(3)(7)
|
|
|
65 |
|
|
Director |
Richard O. Bernays(2)(4)(8)
|
|
|
67 |
|
|
Director |
Anthony Armitage Greener(2)(3)(6)
|
|
|
70 |
|
|
Director |
Executive Officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keshav Murugesh (5)
|
|
|
46 |
|
|
Group Chief Executive Officer |
Alok Misra
|
|
|
43 |
|
|
Group Chief Financial Officer |
J.J. Selvadurai
|
|
|
51 |
|
|
Managing Director - Europe |
Steve Reynolds
|
|
|
49 |
|
|
Managing Director - North America |
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Appointed as Chairman of the Board with effect from December 17, 2009 in place of Ramesh
Shah. Mr. Shah resigned from the services of our company and as a director of the Board with
effect from March 29, 2010. |
|
(2) |
|
Member of our nominating and corporate governance committee. |
|
(3) |
|
Member of our compensation committee. |
|
(4) |
|
Member of our audit committee. |
|
(5) |
|
Keshav R. Murugesh was appointed as the Group Chief Executive Officer of our company with
effect from February 19, 2010. |
|
(6) |
|
Appointed as Chairman of our audit committee with effect from December 17, 2009 in place of
Eric B. Herr. |
|
(7) |
|
Chairman of our nominating and corporate governance committee. Mr. Parekh also served as a member of our audit committee from July 2006 to May 31, 2010. |
|
(8) |
|
Chairman of our compensation committee. |
On
June 1, 2010, Mr. Parekh entered into a consulting arrangement with another party, whereupon he
ceased to qualify as independent under Rule 10A-3 of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or the Exchange Act.
Accordingly, Mr. Parekh stepped down from our audit committee effective June 1, 2010. Further, our board of directors has decided that it will
not consider Mr. Parekh as an independent director under the NYSE listing standards effective June 1, 2010. Accordingly, our board
of directors has decided that effective June 1, 2010, it is no longer majority independent and our nominating and corporate governance committee and our
compensation committee are no longer fully independent. Effective June 1, 2010, we elected to follow our home country (Jersey, Channel Islands)
practice, which does not impose a board or committee independence requirement.
Our board of directors is in an advanced stage of finalizing the appointment of another independent
director. Upon the appointment of an additional independent director, our board will once again be majority independent.
The board also intends to appoint this additional independent
director as a member of our audit committee, which will then
consist of four independent directors.
Summarized below is relevant biographical information covering at least the past five years for
each of our directors and executive officers.
Directors
Eric B. Herr was appointed to our board of directors in July 2006. On
December 17, 2009 Mr. Herr
was appointed as the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board. Mr. Herr is based in the United States.
He currently serves on the board of
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directors of Taleo Corporation (since 2002), Starcite Private
Limited (since 2007) and Regulatory Data Corporation (since 2009). He was a director of
Workscape from 2005 to 2008. From 1992 to 1997, Mr. Herr served as Chief
Financial Officer of Autodesk, Inc. Mr. Herr received a Master of Arts degree in Economics from
Indiana University and a Bachelor of Arts degree in Economics from Kenyon College. The business
address for Mr. Herr is P.O. Box 719, Bristol, NH 03222, USA.
Keshav R. Murugesh was appointed as our Group Chief Executive Officer and director in
February
2010. Mr. Murugesh is based out of Mumbai. Prior to joining WNS, Mr. Murugesh was the Chief
Executive Officer of Syntel Inc, a Nasdaq -listed information technology company. He holds a
Bachelor of Commerce degree and is a Fellow of The Institute of Chartered Accountants of India. He
was a director of Syntel Ltd and Syntel Global Pvt Ltd. He is a frequent industry speaker and
serves as the Chairman of SIFE (Students in Free Enterprise) India, which is a global organization
involved in educational outreach projects in partnership with businesses across the globe. The
business address for Mr. Murugesh is Gate 4, Godrej & Boyce Complex, Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli West,
Mumbai 400 079, India.
Jeremy
Young was appointed to our board of directors as a nominee of
Warburg Pincus, the principal shareholder of our Company, in
May 2004.
He is head of Warburg Pincus German office as well as focuses on fund
raising. Whilst at Warburg Pincus he has also been head of the firms
European investment activities in healthcare and business services.
He held various positions at Baxter Healthcare International, Booz,
Allen & Hamilton International and Cellular
Transplant/Cytotherapeutics before he joined Warburg Pincus in 1992. He received a Master of Arts degree in English from Cambridge University and a
Master of Business Administration from Harvard Business School. He is
currently also a director of Warburg Pincus Roaming II S.A as well as a trustee of The Hemophilia Society.
The business address for Mr. Young is Warburg Pincus International LLC, Almack House, 28 King
Street, St. James, London SW1Y 6QW, England.
Deepak S. Parekh was appointed to our board of directors in July 2006.
Mr. Parekh is based in
Mumbai, India. He currently serves as the Chairman (since 1993) and Chief Executive Officer of
Housing Development Finance Corporation Limited, a housing finance company in India which he joined
in 1978. Mr. Parekh is the non-executive Chairman (since 1994) of one of our clients,
GlaxoSmithKline Pharmaceuticals Ltd. Mr. Parekh is also a director of several Indian public
companies such as Lafarge India Pvt. Limited (since 2005) Singapore Telecommunications Ltd (since
2004), Siemens Ltd. (since 2003), HDFC Chubb General Insurance Co. Ltd. (since 2002), Exide
Industries Limited (since 2001), HDFC Standard Life Insurance Co. Ltd. (since 2000), HDFC Asset
Management Co. Ltd (since 2000), The Indian Hotels Co. Ltd. (since 2000), Castrol India Ltd. (since
1997), Infrastructure Development Finance Co. Ltd (since 1997), Hindustan Lever Ltd. (since 1997),
Borax Morarji Limited (since 1997), Bharat Bijlee Limited (since 1995), GlaxoSmithKline
Pharmaceuticals Ltd. (since 1994), Hindustan Oil Exploration Corporation Ltd. (since 1994), Zodiac
Clothing Company Limited (since 1994), Mahindra & Mahindra Ltd. (since 1990), and Housing
Development Finance Corporation Ltd (since 1985). He was a director of Satyam Computer Services
Limited during 2009. Mr. Parekh received a Bachelor of Commerce degree from the Bombay University
and holds a Chartered Accountant degree from the Institute of Chartered Accountants in England &
Wales (ICAEW). The business address for Mr. Parekh is Housing Development Finance Corporation
Limited, Ramon House, H.T. Parekh Marg, 169 Backbay Reclamation, Churchgate, Mumbai 400 020, India.
Richard O. Bernays was appointed to our board of directors in November 2006 and is
based in London.
Prior to his retirement in 2001, Mr. Bernays held various senior positions at Old Mutual, plc, a
London-based international financial services company, and most recently served as Chief Executive
Officer of Old Mutual International. Prior to that, he was with Jupiter Asset Management in 1996,
Hill Samuel Asset Management from 1991 to 1996, and Mercury Asset Management from 1971 to 1992. Mr.
Bernays currently serves on the board of directors of several public companies, including The NMR
Pension Trustee Limited (since 2009), The American Museum in Britain (since 2008), Beltone MENA
Equity Fund Limited (since 2007), Charter Pan European Trust plc (since 2004), Impax Environmental
Markets Trust plc (since 2002), Gartmore Global Trust plc (since 2001), Taikoo Developments Limited
(since 1997), The Throgmorton Trust (since 2002), MAF Trust (since 2005) and GFM Cossack Bond
Company Limited (since 1997). He was a director of Hermes Pension Management from 2005 to 2007,
Singer and Friendlander from 2003 to 2005 and Martin Curie Income and Growth Trust from 1997 to
2008. Mr. Bernays is also a member of the Supervisory Board of the National Provident Life. He
received a Masters of Arts degree from Trinity College, Oxford University. The business address of
Mr. Bernays is E72 Montevetro, 100 Battersea Church Road, London SW11 3YL
Sir Anthony Armitage Greener was appointed to our board of directors in June 2007. On
December 17,
2009 he was appointed as Chairman of the Audit Committee. Sir Anthony is based in London. He was
the Deputy Chairman of British Telecom from 2001 to 2006 and the Chairman of the Qualifications and
Curriculum Authority from 2002 to 2008 and Diageo plc from 1997 to 2000. Prior to that, Sir Anthony
was the Chairman and Chief Executive of Guinness plc from 1992 to 1997 and the Chief Executive
Officer of Dunhill Holdings from 1974 to 1986. Sir Anthony is presently a director of Nautor AB
(since 2009), Williams Sonoma (since 2007), United Learning Trust (since 2005),
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United Church
Schools (since 2005) and SF Trust (since 2005). He was a director of Robert Mondavi from 2000 to
2005. Sir Anthony was honored with a knighthood in 1999 for his services to the beverage industry.
Sir Anthony is a
Fellow Member of the Chartered Institute of Management Accountants, and Vice-President of the
Chartered Institute of Marketing. The business address of Sir Anthony is the Minton Trust, 26
Hamilton House, Vicarage Gate, London W8 4HL.
Our Board believes that each of our companys directors is highly skilled, experienced and
qualified to serve as a member of the Board and its committees. Each of the directors, because of
their diverse business experience and background, contribute significantly in managing the affairs
of our company. The Board of Directors has not adopted any formal policy with respect to diversity,
however, our Board of Directors believes that it is important for its members to represent diverse
viewpoints and contribute in the Boards decision making process. Our Board evaluates candidates
for election to the Board; the Board seeks candidates with certain qualities that it believes are
important, including experience, integrity, an objective perspective, business acumen and
leadership skills. The continuing service by our directors promotes stability and continuity in the
boardroom and gives us the benefit of their familiarity and insights into our business.
Executive Officers
Keshav R. Murugesh is our Group Chief Executive Officer. Please see Directors
above for Mr.
Murugeshs biographical information.
Alok Misra serves as our Group Chief Financial Officer. Mr. Misra is based in Mumbai,
India and
joined WNS in February 2008. Mr. Misras responsibilities as Group Chief Financial Officer include
finance and accounting, legal and regulatory compliance and risk management. Prior to joining WNS,
Mr. Misra was group chief financial officer at MphasiS Limited (a subsidiary of Electronic Data
Systems, now a division of Hewlett-Packard) and financial controller at ITC Limited. Mr. Misra is
presently director of Value and Budget Housing Corporation (India) Private Limited (since 2009). He
is a Fellow of the Institute of Chartered Accountants in India. Mr. Misra received an honors degree
in commerce from Calcutta University. The business address for Mr. Misra is Gate 4, Godrej & Boyce
Complex, Pirojshanagar, Vikhroli West, Mumbai 400 079, India.
J.J. Selvadurai is Managing Director of European Operations. Prior to that, he was the
Chief
Executive Officer of our enterprise services business unit until September 2007. Mr. Selvadurai is
a business process outsourcing industry specialist with over 20 years of experience in offshore
outsourcing. He pioneered such services in Sri Lanka and set up and managed many processing centers
in the Philippines, India, Pakistan and the UK. Mr. Selvadurai is a certified electronic data
management and processing trainer. Prior to joining WNS in 2002, Mr. Selvadurai was Asia Managing
Director (Business Process Outsourcing services) of Hays plc, a FTSE 100 B2B services company. Mr.
Selvadurai is presently director in Business forms (Private) Limited, Sri Lanka (since 1984) and
Data Cap (Private) Limited, India (since 2000) Mr. Selvadurai is certified in data management and
is a member of the data processing institute.
The business address for Mr. Selvadurai is The Lodge, Harmondsworth Lane, West Drayton,
Middlesex,
UB7 0AB UK.
Steve Reynolds is Managing Director of WNS North America, Inc. He is based in Dallas and
has over
15 years of experience in the BPO industry. Prior to assuming this role, Mr. Reynolds was Executive
Vice President, Business Development for our travel and leisure business unit. Prior to joining us,
he was Regional Vice President for ACS, Inc. where he was responsible for the growth, operations
and profitability of a division. This role included managing operations throughout Mexico, Manila,
Fiji, Guatemala and the US. Prior to that, he held senior executive positions at TRX and Travel
Technologies Group, which became part of TRX in 2000. Mr. Reynolds received a Master of Business
Administration from Texas A&M University and a Bachelor of Science degree in computer science from
Baylor University. The business address for Mr. Reynolds is 7318 Marquette, Dallas, TX 75225, USA.
B. Compensation
Compensation Discussion and Analysis
Compensation Objectives
Our compensation philosophy is to align employee compensation with our business objectives, so
that
compensation is a strategic tool, rather than just an expense. The key focus of our compensation
philosophy is to align the incentives of our employees with our business objectives while
minimizing the risks from external market dynamics. We also use compensation to reinforce a high
performance work ethic and to attract, motivate and engage high performing individuals and teams.
Compensation is determined by keeping in mind our philosophy, internal parity, external equity
and
market dynamics. Our compensation structures and policies differ by country or geography. These
policies are designed to pay
Page 87
compensation that we would pay to our employees based out of that
location and to comply with the local employment laws.
It is critical that we attract, motivate and retain highly talented individuals, at all levels of
the organization, who are committed to our core values of commitment, equality, innovation,
development and mutual respect. We believe that our compensation programs are integral to
achieving these goals.
The following objectives guide us in establishing and maintaining all of our compensation
programs:
|
|
Pay for Performance: We design compensation to pay for performance in order to provide for
better compensation against higher performance levels; conversely, where individual
performance and/or our company performance falls short of expectations, the programs should
deliver lower compensation. In periods of temporary downturns in our performance, our programs
continue to ensure that successful, high-performing employees remain motivated and committed. |
|
|
External Market Dynamics; Linked with Shareholder Value: Our equity-based compensation is
awarded to employees with higher levels of responsibility and greater influence on long-term
results, thereby making a significant portion of their total compensation dependent on
long-term share appreciation. |
|
|
Pay Differentiation: Based on Individual Performance and our Performance. As employees
progress in the hierarchy of our company, they will be able to more directly affect the
company results. Therefore, an increasing proportion of their pay is linked to company
performance and shareholder value. |
|
|
Competitiveness Value of the Job in the Marketplace: In order to attract and retain a
highly skilled work force, we remain competitive with the pay of other employers who compete
with us for talent in the relevant markets. |
Assessment Processes
We have established a number of processes to assist in ensuring that our compensation programs
operate in line with their objectives. Among those are:
|
|
Assessment of Company Performance: Financial performance measures are used to determine a
significant portion of the size of payouts under our cash incentive bonus program. The
financial performance measures, adopted on improving both top-line revenues and bottom-line
earnings, are pre-established by our compensation committee annually at the beginning of the
fiscal year and are applied uniformly across the company. When the pre-determined financial
measures are achieved as set forth in our annual plan, employees who are eligible for cash
incentive bonuses receive amounts that are at target. The cash incentive bonus for each senior
management who has responsibility for a business unit is also tied to the financial
performance of the business unit headed by such senior managers. These measures reflect targets that
are intended to be aggressive but attainable. The remainder of an individuals payout under
our cash incentive bonus program is determined by individual performance. Our senior management refers to our business unit and enabling unit leaders. |
|
|
Assessment of Individual Performance: The evaluation of an individuals performance
determines a portion of the size of payouts under our cash incentive bonus program and also
influences any changes in base salary. At the beginning of each fiscal year, our compensation
committee, along with our Group Chief Executive Officer, set the respective performance
objectives for the fiscal year for the executive officers and senior management. The
performance objectives are initially proposed by our Group Chief Executive Officer and
modified by our compensation committee based on the performance assessment conducted for the
preceding fiscal year and also looking at targets for the current fiscal year. Every
evaluation metric is supplemented with key performance indicators. At the end of the fiscal
year, our Group Chief Executive Officer discusses respective achievement of the
pre-established objectives as well as the senior managements contribution to our companys
performance and other leadership accomplishments. This evaluation is shared with our
compensation committee and then with our executive officers and senior management. After the
discussion, our compensation committee, in discussion with our Group Chief Executive Officer,
assigns a corresponding numerical performance rating that translates into specific payouts
under our cash incentive bonus program and also influences any changes in base salary. |
Benchmarking and Use of Compensation Consultant
In general, our compensation committee reviews our executive compensation programs relative to
publicly available compensation data compiled directly for our compensation committee by our Chief
People Officer for a group of companies that provide business and technology services. For fiscal
2010, our Chief People Officer prepared the information for our compensation committee based on
inputs from Kepler Associates, a leading independent adviser and consultant on executive
remuneration. Our Chief People Officer, in discussion with our compensation committee
Page 88
and the
independent advisor Kepler Associates, agreed on the specific set of comparator companies for the
benchmark.
The list of companies against which we benchmarked the compensation of our executive officers and
senior management in fiscal year 2010 included the following companies:
|
|
Cognizant Technology Solutions; |
|
|
First Source solutions Limited; |
|
|
Infosys Technologies Limited; |
|
|
Tata Consultancy Services Limited; and |
Our compensation committee will review and revise as appropriate from time to time the list of
companies with publicly available compensation information against whom we will benchmark our
compensation programs, to ensure that such list includes those companies that are most comparable
to us with regard to services provided and relevant geographic areas.
Our compensation committee uses the data primarily to ensure that our executive compensation
programs, including those for our executive officers and our senior
management are competitive. There is enough flexibility
in the existing compensation programs to respond and adjust for the evolving business environment.
Accordingly, an individuals executive compensation elements could be changed by our committee
based on changes in job responsibilities of the executive.
For fiscal 2010, our compensation committee concluded that there would be no increase in the base
salaries (fixed compensation in the case of India based officers) for the executive officers and
senior management. Our committee however approved the grant of shares in the form of RSUs to the
executive officers and senior management.
Although many compensation decisions are made in the first quarter of the fiscal year, our
compensation planning process neither begins nor ends with any particular compensation committee
meeting. Compensation decisions are designed to promote our fundamental business objectives and
strategy. Our compensation committee periodically reviews related matters such as succession
planning, evaluation of management performance and consideration of the business environment and
considers such matters in making compensation decisions.
Components of Executive Compensation for Fiscal 2010
For fiscal 2010, the compensation of our executive officers and senior management consisted of the following five
primary
components:
|
|
Base salary or, in the case of executive officers based in India, fixed compensation; |
|
|
Equity incentives of RSUs; |
|
|
Benefits and perquisites; and |
The mix of compensation elements is designed to reward short-term results, motivate long-term
performance and encourage our employees to remain with us for longer terms. Base salaries and cash
incentive bonuses are designed to reward annual achievements and be commensurate with the
responsibilities, demonstrated leadership abilities, management experience and expertise.
Other elements of compensation focus on motivating and challenging each executive officer to
achieve sustained and longer-term results. Individuals are assessed on the achievement of
objectives and pre-established financial performance measures, in determining a significant
portion of the cash incentive bonuses for our executive officers and senior management.
The following is a discussion of our considerations in determining each of the compensation
components for our executive officers and senior management.
Base Salary
Base salary is a fixed element of our employees annual cash compensation, the payment of which is not tied to
our performance. We provide the opportunity for each of our executive officers and senior
management to earn a competitive annual base
Page 89
salary. We provide this opportunity to attract and retain an appropriate caliber of talent for
the
position and to provide a base wage that is not subject to our performance risk.
Cash Bonus
Cash performance bonuses are awarded at the end of each fiscal year based upon the achievement of
individual and company performance targets. The cash performance bonuses payable are accrued every
month. Statutorily applicable taxes and contributions payable on these amounts are deducted before
payment. Our executive officers and senior management have a diverse set of measurable goals that
are designed to promote the interests of our five key constituencies: shareholders, customers,
creditors, society and employees. Our cash bonuses are also designed to build our organizational
capabilities and achieve other strategically important initiatives.
These goals reflect their key responsibilities during the year, which range from sales targets to
operational goals, and are typically listed as each individuals key performance indicators. The
key performance indicators are identified during the individuals annual performance review
process.
The key performance indicators include (and are not limited to) the following key financial
metrics:
|
|
Adjusted net income, or net income attributable to WNS shareholders excluding amortization of
intangible assets, share-based compensation, gain/loss attributable to redeemable noncontrolling
interest; |
|
|
Fiscal fourth quarter results; |
|
|
Support cross sell and corporate initiatives; and |
The aggregate amount of all cash bonuses paid for fiscal 2010 did not exceed the aggregate cash
incentive bonus pool approved by our compensation committee for the fiscal year. Under the plan,
bonus target amounts, expressed as a percentage of base salary, are established for participants at
the beginning of each fiscal year, unless employment agreements contain different terms. Funding of
possible bonus payouts for the fiscal year is determined by our financial results for the fiscal
year relative to the achievement of pre-determined target for adjusted net income. This may be
increased or decreased depending upon the executives individual performance against his or her
non-financial goals.
When our performance falls short of target, our aggregate funding of the annual cash bonus
incentive pool declines, with no funding of the bonus pool if we do not achieve the floor of our
target adjusted net income. At the end of the performance period, our compensation committee has
discretion to adjust an award payout from the amount yielded by the pre-determined formula.
Our compensation committee considered the following when establishing the awards for fiscal 2010:
Bonus Targets: Bonus targets are based on job responsibilities and comparable market data.
Consistent with our executive compensation policy, individuals with greater job responsibilities
had a greater proportion of their total cash compensation tied to our performance through the bonus
plan. Bonuses were normally paid to our employees in April/May every year. Some employees are on a
half-yearly cycle and are paid in October/November and April/May.
Equity Incentives
We provide
the opportunity for our executive officers and senior management to earn long-term
equity
incentive awards. Long-term incentive awards provide employees with the incentive to stay with the
company for longer periods of time, which, in turn, provides us with greater stability during our
period of growth.
We review
long-term equity incentives for our executive officers and senior
management and periodically and make grants
to them at one or more pre-scheduled meetings of our compensation committee in March or April.
Restricted
Share Units (RSUs)
Awards of RSUs offer executive officers and senior management the opportunity to receive our
ordinary shares on the date that the restriction lapses and serve both to reward and retain such
executive officers and senior management.
In determining equity compensation, our compensation committee first determines the maximum
equity
dilution that may result from equity awards and the maximum amount of equity-based compensation
expense that may be incurred for the fiscal year. Thereafter, based upon the recommendations of our
Group Chief Executive Officer and our Chief People Officer, we determine the proportion of RSUs to
be granted for each level of our executive officers and senior management. Finally, with the approval of our
compensation committee, we determine the total number of RSUs to be granted to each level of our
executive officers and senior management based on the fair market value of the award on
Page 90
the grant date. The grant of these awards is based upon an individuals performance and
typically
occurs after the end of the fiscal year as a part of the annual performance appraisal process. For
fiscal 2010, most of the grants were made in May 2009 in respect of services rendered in fiscal
2009.
Consistent with our equity grants to our executive officers and senior management, in the
preceding
fiscal year, we awarded 928,923 RSUs to each executive officer and senior management, The following
table sets forth the vesting schedule of these grants.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Total RSUs Granted |
|
Vesting Schedule |
628,923 |
|
|
|
20% will vest at the end of first year, another 20% at
the end of second year and the balance at the end of third year |
|
|
|
|
|
260,000 |
|
|
|
20% will vest at the end of first year, another 35% at
the end of second year and the balance at the end of third year |
|
|
|
|
|
40,000 |
|
|
|
Vested immediately upon grant |
|
|
|
|
|
|
928,923
|
|
|
|
|
|
Benefits and Perquisites
The perquisites and benefits granted to our executive officers and senior management are designed
to comply with the tax regulations of the applicable country and therefore vary from country to
country in which we operate. To the extent consistent with the tax regulations of the applicable
country, the benefits include:
|
|
Accident and life insurance; |
|
|
Retirement benefits as mandated by law (such as provident fund in India, 401(k) in the US,
pension in the UK); |
|
|
Telephone expenses reimbursement; |
|
|
Fuel and maintenance for car; |
|
|
Leased residential accommodation; and |
|
|
Relocation benefits (as individually negotiated in their employment agreements). |
We review and adjust our benefits based upon the competitive practices in the local industry,
inflation rates, and tax regulations every fiscal year. Our underlying philosophy is to provide the
benefits that are ordinarily required by our employees for their well-being in their daily lives
and to negotiate group-level discounted rates so that all of our employees will be able to pay less
than what they would otherwise pay as individuals for the same level of benefits, to maximize the
overall value of their compensation package.
Severance Benefits
We are obligated to pay severance or other enhanced benefits to our executive officers upon
termination of their employment under the terms of their respective employment agreements that were
negotiated. A discussion of the severance and other enhanced benefits provided to our executive
officers currently employed by us is set forth below.
We have provided change in control severance protection for our executive officers and certain
other officers. Our compensation committee believes that such protection is intended to preserve
employee morale and productivity and encourage retention in the face of the disruptive impact of an
actual or rumored change in control. In addition, for executive officers, the program is intended
to align executive officers and shareholders interests by enabling executive officers to consider
corporate transactions that are in the best interests of our shareholders and other constituents
without undue concern over whether the transactions may jeopardize the executive officers own
employment.
Our executive officers globally, have enhanced levels of benefits based on their job level,
seniority and probable loss of employment after a change in control. Executive officers generally
are paid severance for a longer period:
|
|
Accelerated vesting of equity awards. All granted but unvested share options and RSUs
would immediately vest and become exercisable by our executive officers subject to certain
conditions set out in the applicable equity incentive plans. |
|
|
Severance and notice payment. Eligible terminated executive officers receive severance and
notice payments as reflected in their individual employment agreements. |
Page 91
|
|
Benefit continuation. Eligible terminated executive officers receive basic employee
benefits such as health and life insurance and other perquisites as reflected in their
individual employment agreements. |
Compensation of Directors and Executive Officers
The aggregate compensation (including contingent or deferred payment) paid to our directors and
executive officers for services rendered in fiscal 2010 was
$5.13 million, which was comprised of
$2.44 million paid towards salary, $2.30 million paid towards bonus and $0.39 million paid towards
social security, medical and other benefits. The total compensation paid to our most highly
compensated executive officer in fiscal 2010 was $3.35 million
(which was comprised of $1.47 million
paid towards salary, $1.62 million paid towards bonus payments and $0.26 million paid towards
social security, medical and other benefits).
The
following table sets forth the total compensation paid to each of our
executive directors and executive
officers for services rendered in fiscal 2010. The individual compensation of Mr. Keshav R.
Murugesh and Mr. Alok Misra are disclosed in the statutory / annual accounts of our subsidiary, WNS
Global, filed with the Registrar of Companies in the state of India where its registered
office is located. We are voluntarily disclosing the individual compensation of our other executive
officers.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name |
|
Salary |
|
Bonus |
|
Other Benefits |
Keshav R. Murugesh(1) |
|
$ |
68,100 |
|
|
$ |
421,674 |
|
|
$ |
3,480 |
|
Neeraj Bhargava(2) |
|
$ |
440,000 |
|
|
$ |
188,173 |
|
|
$ |
89,869 |
|
Ramesh Shah(3) |
|
$ |
700,000 |
|
|
$ |
563,314 |
|
|
$ |
154,960 |
|
Anup Gupta(4) |
|
$ |
330,137 |
|
|
$ |
868,022 |
|
|
$ |
16,968 |
|
Alok Misra |
|
$ |
300,756 |
|
|
$ |
77,287 |
|
|
$ |
15,499 |
|
Eric Selvadurai |
|
$ |
288,000 |
|
|
$ |
129,267 |
|
|
$ |
58,146 |
|
Steve Reynolds |
|
$ |
310,000 |
|
|
$ |
49,243 |
|
|
$ |
54,921 |
|
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Keshav R. Murugesh joined our company as Group Chief Executive Officer effective from
February 19, 2010. He was also appointed as a Director of our
company. He was paid a joining bonus which is refundable to our company
in case he resigns within the first year of joining us. |
|
(2) |
|
With effect from January 31, 2010, Neeraj Bhargava resigned as Group Chief Executive
Officer and Director of our company. Mr. Bhargava had assumed the role of Strategic Advisor
from February 1, 2010 until April 30, 2010. |
|
(3) |
|
With effect from December 17, 2010, Ramesh Shah stepped
down as Chairman and served as vice-chairman of the Board until
March 29, 2010 when he resigned from our company. Bonus includes
payment of a severance bonus. |
|
(4) |
|
With effect from March 26, 2010, Anup Gupta resigned as an executive officer of our
company. Bonus includes
payment of a severance bonus. |
Compensation paid to Non-executive Directors
The aggregate compensation paid to our non-executive directors in fiscal 2010 was $327,932 which
comprised sitting fees.
Grant of RSUs to Directors
Our directors and executive officers were granted 541,256 RSUs under our amended 2006 Incentive
Award Plan in fiscal 2010.
Future grants of awards will continue to be determined by our board of directors or our
compensation committee under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan.
Page 92
Employment
Agreements of our Executive Director
We entered into an employment agreement with Mr. Keshav R. Murugesh in February 2010 to
serve as
our Group Chief Executive Officer for a five year term, which will renew automatically for three
additional successive terms of three years each, unless either we or Mr. Murugesh elects not to
renew the term. Under the agreement, Mr. Murugesh is entitled to receive compensation, health and
other benefits and perquisites commensurate with his position. In addition, pursuant to the
agreement, Mr. Murugesh was in February 2010 granted RSUs representing the right to receive an
aggregate of 40,000 shares that vested immediately and 260,000 shares that will vest over a
three-year period, subject to his continued employment with us through the vesting dates. If Mr.
Murugeshs employment is terminated by us without cause (as defined in the employment agreement),
he would be entitled to all accrued and unpaid salary, accrued and unused vacation and any
unreimbursed expenses. Mr. Murugesh would also be entitled to vested benefits and other amounts due
to him under our employee benefit plans.
If Mr. Murugeshs employment is terminated by us without cause or by Mr. Murugesh
for good reason
(each as defined in the employment agreement) and Mr. Murugesh executes a general release and
waiver of claims against us, subject to his continued compliance with certain non-competition and
confidentiality obligations, Mr. Murugesh would be entitled to receive severance payments and
benefits from us as follows:
a. |
|
In the case where the termination occurs during the first year from the effective date of the
employment agreement, he would be eligible to receive (i) his base salary for a period of 30
months from the effective date of termination in monthly installment in arrears; and (ii) the
bonus for the period of 30 months on the basis of his target bonus as set in the year in which
the termination occurs, such bonus shall be paid along with the payment of accrued obligations
(as defined in the employment agreement); |
b. |
|
In the case where the termination occurs during second year from the effective date of the
employment agreement, he would be eligible to receive (i) his base salary for a period of 18
months from the effective date of termination in monthly installment in arrears; and (ii) the
bonus for the period of 18 months on the basis of target bonus as set in the year in which the
termination occurs, such bonus would be paid along with the payment of accrued obligations (as
defined in the employment agreement); |
c. |
|
In the case where the termination occurs during the years after the second year from the
effective date of the employment agreement, he would be eligible to receive (i) his base
salary for a period of 12 months from the effective date of termination in monthly installment
in arrears; and (ii) his target bonus for the year in which the termination occurs, such bonus
would be paid along with the payment of accrued obligations (as defined in the employment
agreement). |
If we experience a change in control while Mr. Murugesh is employed under the employment
agreement,
all of the share options and RSUs granted to Mr. Murugesh under the employment agreement will vest
and the stock options would become exercisable on a fully accelerated basis.
Options and Restricted Share Units Granted
The following table sets forth information concerning RSUs granted to our directors and executive
officers in fiscal 2010. No options were granted in fiscal 2010.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Position |
|
Employee Name |
|
Date of Grant |
|
RSUs |
|
|
Expiration Date |
Directors |
|
Deepak Parekh |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
5,929 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Eric Herr |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
5,929 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
|
|
20-Jan-10 |
|
|
35,000 |
|
|
19-Jan-20 |
|
|
Keshav R. Murugesh(1) |
|
19-Feb-10 |
|
|
300,000 |
|
|
18-Feb-20 |
|
|
Ramesh Shah(2) |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
46,667 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Richard Oliver Bernays |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
5,929 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Sir Anthony greener |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
5,929 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
Directors Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
405,383 |
|
|
|
Executive Officers |
|
Alok Misra |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
37,975 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Anup Gupta(3) |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
42,247 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Eric Selvadurai |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
32,400 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
|
|
Steve Reynolds |
|
4-May-09 |
|
|
23,251 |
|
|
3-May-19 |
Executive Officers Total |
|
|
|
|
135,873 |
|
|
|
Grand Total |
|
|
|
|
|
|
541,256 |
|
|
|
Page 93
|
|
|
Note: |
|
(1) |
|
Keshav R. Murugesh joined our company as Group Chief Executive Officer effective from
February 19, 2010. He was also appointed as a Director of our company. |
|
(2) |
|
With effect from December 17, 2010, Ramesh Shah stepped
down as Chairman and served as vice-chairman of the Board until
March 29, 2010 when he resigned from our company. |
|
(3) |
|
With effect from March 26, 2010, Anup Gupta resigned as
an executive officer of our company. |
Employee Benefit Plans
We maintain employee benefit plans in the form of certain statutory and incentive plans covering
substantially all of our employees. For fiscal 2010, the total amount accrued by us to provide
for pension, retirement or similar benefits was $8.3 million.
Provident
Fund
In accordance with Indian, Sri Lankan and the Philippines laws, all of our employees in these
countries are entitled to receive benefits under the respective government provident fund, a
defined contribution plan to which both we and the employee contribute monthly at a pre-determined
rate (for India and Sri Lanka, currently 12% of the employees base salary and for the Philippines
peso 100/-per month for every employee). These contributions are made to the respective government provident
fund and we have no further obligation under this fund apart from our monthly contributions. We
contributed an aggregate of $5.7 million in fiscal 2010, $5.7 million in fiscal 2009 and $5.5
million in fiscal 2008 to the government provident fund.
US
Savings Plan
Eligible employees in the US participate in a savings plan, or the US Savings Plan, pursuant to
Section 401(k) of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, or the Code. The US
Savings Plan allows our employees to defer a portion of their annual earnings on a pre-tax basis
through voluntary contributions there under. The US Savings Plan provides that we can make optional
contributions up to the maximum allowable limit under the Code.
UK
Pension Scheme
Eligible employees in the UK contribute to a defined contribution pension scheme operated in the
UK. The assets of the scheme are held separately from ours in an independently administered fund.
The pension expense represents contributions payable to the fund by us.
Gratuity
In accordance with Indian and Sri Lankan laws, we provide for gratuity liability pursuant to a
defined benefit retirement plan covering all our employees in India and Sri Lanka. Our gratuity
plan provides for a lump sum payment to eligible employees on retirement, death, incapacitation or
on termination of employment (provided such employee has worked for at least five years with our
company) which is computed on the basis of employees salary and length of service with us (subject
to a maximum of approximately $7,660 per employee in India). In India, we provide the gratuity
benefit through determined contributions pursuant to a non-participating annuity contract
administered and managed by the Life Insurance Corporation of India,
or LIC, and AVIVA Life
Insurance Company Private Limited. Under this plan, the obligation to pay gratuity remains with us although LIC and AVIVA
Life Insurance Company Private Limited administer the plan. We contributed an aggregate of $0.1 million, $0.1 million and
$0.1 million in fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, respectively, to LIC and AVIVA Life Insurance Company Private Limited.
Compensated
Absence
Our liability for compensated absences is determined on an accrual basis for the entire unused
vacation balance standing to the credit of each employee as at year-end and were charged to income
in the year in which they accrue.
2002 Stock Incentive Plan
We adopted the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan on July 3, 2002 to help attract and retain the best
available personnel to serve us and our subsidiaries as officers, directors and employees. We
terminated the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan upon our
Page 94
adoption of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan effective upon the pricing of our initial public
offering
as described below. Upon termination of the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, the shares that would
otherwise have been available for the grant under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan were effectively
rolled over into the 2006 Incentive Award Plan which was amended and restated in 2009 and any
awards outstanding remain in full force and effect in accordance with the terms of the 2002 Stock
Incentive Plan.
Administration. The 2002 Stock Incentive Plan is administered by our board of directors,
which may
delegate its authority to a committee (in either case, the Administrator). The Administrator has
complete authority, subject to the terms of the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan and applicable law, to
make all determinations necessary or advisable for the administration of the 2002 Stock Incentive
Plan.
Eligibility. Under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, the Administrator was authorized to
grant stock
options to our officers, directors and employees, and those of our subsidiaries, subject to the
terms and conditions of the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan.
Stock Options. Stock options vest and become exercisable as determined by the
Administrator and set
forth in individual stock option agreements, but may not, in any event, be exercised later than ten
years after their grant dates. In addition, stock options may be exercised prior to vesting in some
cases. Upon exercise, an optionee must tender the full exercise price of the stock option in cash,
check or other form acceptable to the Administrator, at which time the stock options are generally
subject to applicable income, employment and other withholding taxes. Stock options may, in the
sole discretion of the Administrator as set forth in applicable award agreements, continue to be
exercisable for a period following an optionees termination of service. Shares issued in respect
of exercised stock options may be subject to additional transfer restrictions. Any grants of stock
options under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan to US participants were in the form of non-qualified
stock options. Optionees, other than optionees who are employees of our subsidiaries in India, are
entitled to exercise their stock options for shares or ADSs in the company.
Corporate Transactions. If we engage in a merger or similar corporate transaction, except
as may
otherwise be provided in an individual award agreement, outstanding stock options will be
terminated unless they are assumed by a successor corporation. In addition, the Administrator has
broad discretion to adjust the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan and any stock options thereunder to
account for any changes in our capitalization.
Amendment. Our board of directors may amend or suspend the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan at
any time,
provided that any such amendment or suspension must not impact any holder of outstanding stock
options without such holders consent.
Transferability of Stock Options. Each stock option may be exercised during the
optionees lifetime
only by the optionee. No stock option may be sold, pledged, assigned, hypothecated, transferred or
disposed of by an optionee other than by express permission of the Administrator (only in the case
of employees of non-Indian subsidiaries), by will or by the laws of descent and distribution.
Number of Shares Authorized; Outstanding Options. As of the date of termination of the
2002 Stock
Incentive Plan on July 25, 2006, the day immediately preceding the date of pricing of our initial
public offering, an aggregate of 6,082,042 of our ordinary shares had been authorized for grant
under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, of which options to purchase 2,116,266 ordinary shares were
issued and exercised and options to purchase 3,875,655 ordinary shares were issued and outstanding.
Of the options to purchase 3,875,655 ordinary shares, options to purchase 3,224,152 ordinary shares
have been exercised and options to purchase 371,512 ordinary shares remain outstanding as of May 31, 2010. In addition, as of May 31, 2010, options under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan to
purchase an aggregate of 27,500 ordinary shares were held by all our directors and executive
officers as a group. The exercise price of these options was £3.5. These options expire on July
14, 2015. Options granted under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan that are forfeited, lapsed or
canceled, settled in cash, that expire or are repurchased by us at the original purchase price
would have been available for grant under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan and would be effectively
rolled over into our 2006 Incentive Award Plan which was amended and restated in 2009.
Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan
We adopted our 2006 Incentive Award Plan on June 1, 2006. The purpose of the 2006 Incentive
Award
Plan is to promote the success and enhance the value of our company by linking the personal
interests of the directors, employees and consultants of our company and our subsidiaries to those
of our shareholders and by providing these individuals with an incentive for outstanding
performance. The 2006 Incentive Award Plan is further intended to provide us with the ability to
motivate, attract and retain the services of these individuals.
Page 95
On February 13, 2009, we adopted the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan. The
Amended
and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan reflects, among other changes to our 2006 Incentive Award
Plan, an increase in the number of ordinary shares and ADSs available for grant under the Amended
and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan from that available under our 2006 Incentive Award Plan by
1,000,000 shares/ADSs. Our shareholders have previously authorized the issuance under our 2006
Incentive Award Plan of up to a total of 3,000,000 ordinary shares/ADSs, subject to specified
adjustments under our 2006 Incentive Award Plan. The increased number of ordinary shares/ADSs
available for grant under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan is expected to meet
our anticipated needs over the next 12 to 18 months from April 1, 2009.
Shares Available for Awards. Subject to certain adjustments set forth in the Amended and
Restated
2006 Incentive Award Plan, the maximum number of shares that may be issued or awarded under the
Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan is equal to the sum of (x) 4,000,000 shares, (y) any
shares that remain available for issuance under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan, and (z) any shares
subject to awards under the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan which terminate, expire or lapse for any
reason or are settled in cash on or after the effective date of our 2006 Incentive Award Plan. The
maximum number of shares which may be subject to awards granted to any one participant during any
calendar year is 500,000 shares and the maximum amount that may be paid to a participant in cash
during any calendar year with respect to cash-based awards is $10,000,000. To the extent that an
award terminates or is settled in cash, any shares subject to the award will again be available for
the grant. Any shares tendered or withheld to satisfy the grant or exercise price or tax
withholding obligation with respect to any award will not be available for subsequent grant. Except
as described below with respect to independent directors, no determination has been made as to the
types or amounts of awards that will be granted to specific individuals pursuant to the Amended and
Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan.
Administration. The Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan is administered by our
board of
directors, which may delegate its authority to a committee. We anticipate that the compensation
committee of our board of directors will administer the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award
Plan, except that our board of directors will administer the plan with respect to awards granted to
our independent directors. The plan administrator will determine eligibility, the types and sizes
of awards, the price and timing of awards and the acceleration or waiver of any vesting
restriction, provided that the plan administrator will not have the authority to accelerate vesting
or waive the forfeiture of any performance-based awards.
Eligibility. Our employees, consultants and directors and those of our subsidiaries are
eligible to
be granted awards, except that only employees of our company and our qualifying corporate
subsidiaries are eligible to be granted options that are intended to qualify as incentive stock
options under Section 422 of the Code.
Awards
Options: The plan administrator may grant options on shares. The per share option exercise
price of
all options granted pursuant to the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan will not be less
than 100% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant. No incentive stock option may
be granted to a grantee who owns more than 10% of our outstanding shares unless the exercise price
is at least 110% of the fair market value of a share on the date of grant. To the extent that the
aggregate fair market value of the shares subject to an incentive stock option become exercisable
for the first time by any optionee during any calendar year exceeds $100,000, such excess will be
treated as a non-qualified option. The plan administrator will determine the methods of payment of
the exercise price of an option, which may include cash, shares or other property acceptable to the
plan administrator (and may involve a cashless exercise of the option). The plan administrator
shall designate in the award agreement evidencing each stock option grant whether such stock option
shall be exercisable for shares or ADSs. The award agreement may, in the sole discretion of the
plan administrator, permit the optionee to elect, at the time of exercise, whether to receive
shares or ADSs in respect of the exercised stock option or a portion thereof. The term of options
granted under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan may not exceed ten years from the
date of grant. However, the term of an incentive stock option granted to a person who owns more
than 10% of our outstanding shares on the date of grant may not exceed five years. Under the
Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan, the number of awards to be granted to our
independent directors will be determined by our board of directors or our compensation committee.
Restricted Shares. The plan administrator may grant shares subject to various
restrictions,
including restrictions on transferability, limitations on the right to vote and/or limitations on
the right to receive dividends.
Share Appreciation Rights. The plan administrator may grant share appreciation rights
representing
the right to receive payment of an amount equal to the excess of the fair market value of a share
on the date of exercise over the fair market value of a share on the date of grant. The term of
share appreciation rights granted may not exceed ten years from the
Page 96
date of grant. The plan administrator may elect to pay share appreciation rights in cash, in
shares
or in a combination of cash and shares.
Performance Shares and Performance Shares Units. The plan administrator may grant awards
of
performance shares denominated in a number of shares and/or awards of performance share units
denominated in unit equivalents of shares and/or units of value, including dollar value of shares.
These awards may be linked to performance criteria measured over performance periods as determined
by the plan administrator.
Share Payments. The plan administrator may grant share payments, including payments in the
form of
shares or options or other rights to purchase shares. Share payments may be based upon specific
performance criteria determined by the plan administrator on the date such share payments are made
or on any date thereafter.
Deferred Shares. The plan administrator may grant awards of deferred shares linked to
performance
criteria determined by the plan administrator. Shares underlying deferred share awards will not be
issued until the deferred share awards have vested, pursuant to a vesting schedule or upon the
satisfaction of any vesting conditions or performance criteria set by the plan administrator.
Recipients of deferred share awards generally will have no rights as shareholders with respect to
such deferred shares until the shares underlying the deferred share awards have been issued.
Restricted Share Units. The plan administrator may grant RSUs, subject to various vesting
conditions. On the maturity date, we will transfer to the participant one unrestricted, fully
transferable share for each vested RSU scheduled to be paid out on such date. The plan
administrator will specify the purchase price, if any, to be paid by the participant for such
shares. Generally, a participant will have to be employed by us on
the date of payment of vested RSUs to be eligible to receive the
payment of shares issuable upon vesting of the RSUs.
Performance Bonus Awards. The plan administrator may grant a cash bonus payable upon the
attainment
of performance goals based on performance criteria and measured over a performance period
determined appropriate by the plan administrator. Any such cash bonus paid to a covered employee
within the meaning of Section 162(m) of the Code may be a performance-based award as described
below.
Performance-Based Awards. The plan administrator may grant awards other than options and
share
appreciation rights to employees who are or may be covered employees, as defined in Section
162(m) of the Code, that are intended to be performance-based awards within the meaning of Section
162(m) of the Code in order to preserve the deductibility of these awards for federal income tax
purposes. Participants are only entitled to receive payment for performance-based awards for any
given performance period to the extent that pre-established performance goals set by the plan
administrator for the period are satisfied. The plan administrator will determine the type of
performance-based awards to be granted, the performance period and the performance goals.
Generally, a participant will have to be employed by us on the date the performance-based award is
paid to be eligible for a performance-based award for any period.
Adjustments. In the event of certain changes in our capitalization, the plan administrator
has
broad discretion to adjust awards, including without limitation, (i) the aggregate number and type
of shares that may be issued under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan, (ii) the
terms and conditions of any outstanding awards, and (iii) the grant or exercise price per share for
any outstanding awards under such plan to account for such changes. The plan administrator also has
the authority to cash out, terminate or provide for the assumption or substitution of outstanding
awards in the event of a corporate transaction.
Change in Control. In the event of a change in control of our company in which outstanding
awards
are not assumed by the successor, such awards will generally become fully exercisable and all
forfeiture restrictions on such awards will lapse. Upon, or in anticipation of, a change in
control, the plan administrator may cause any awards outstanding to terminate at a specific time in
the future and give each participant the right to exercise such awards during such period of time
as the plan administrator, in its sole discretion, determines.
Vesting of Full Value Awards. Full value awards (generally, any award other than an option
or share
appreciation right) will vest over a period of at least three years (or, in the case of vesting
based upon attainment of certain performance goals, over a period of at least one year). However,
full value awards that result in the issuance of an aggregate of up to 5% to the total issuable
shares under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan may be granted without any minimum
vesting periods. In addition, full value awards may vest on an accelerated basis in the event of a
participants death, disability, or retirement, or in the event of our change in control or other
special circumstances.
Non-transferability.
Awards granted under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan are
generally not transferable.
Page 97
Withholding. We have the right to withhold, deduct or require a participant to remit to us an
amount sufficient to satisfy federal, state, local or foreign taxes (including the participants
employment tax obligations) required by law to be withheld with respect to any tax concerning the
participant as a result of the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan.
Termination or Amendment. Unless terminated earlier, the Amended and Restated 2006
Incentive Award
Plan will remain in effect for a period of ten years from the effective date of the 2006 Incentive
Award Plan, after which no award may be granted under the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award
Plan. With the approval of our board of directors, the plan administrator may terminate or amend
the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan at any time. However, shareholder approval will
be required for any amendment (i) to the extent required by applicable law, regulation or stock
exchange rule, (ii) to increase the number of shares available under the Amended and Restated 2006
Incentive Award Plan, (iii) to permit the grant of options or share appreciation rights with an
exercise price below fair market value on the date of grant, (iv) to extend the exercise period for
an option or share appreciation right beyond ten years from the date of grant, or (v) that results
in a material increase in benefits or a change in eligibility requirements. Any amendment or
termination must not materially adversely affect any participant without such participants
consent.
Outstanding Awards. As of May 31, 2010, options or RSUs to purchase an aggregate of
2,318,767
ordinary shares were outstanding, out of which options or restricted share units to purchase
1,099,246 ordinary shares were held by all our directors and executive officers as a group. The
exercise prices of these options range from $15.32 to $30.31 and the expiration dates of these
options range from July 24, 2016 to February 19, 2020. The weighted average grant date fair value
of RSUs granted during fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 were $10.28, $13.39 and $21.68 per ADS,
respectively. There were no grants of RSUs during fiscal 2006 and 2005. There is no purchase price
for the RSUs.
C. Board Practices
Composition of the Board of Directors
Our Memorandum and Articles of Association provide that our board of directors consists of not
less
than three directors, and such maximum number as our directors may determine from time to time. Our
board of directors currently consists of six directors. Messrs. Herr, Bernays and Sir
Anthony satisfy the independence requirements of the NYSE rules.
On June 1, 2010, Mr. Parekh entered into a consulting arrangement with another party,
whereupon he ceased to qualify as independent under Rule 10A-3 of the Exchange Act.
Accordingly, Mr. Parekh stepped down from our audit committee effective June 1, 2010. Further, our board of directors has decided that it will
not consider Mr. Parekh as an independent director under the NYSE listing standards effective June 1, 2010. Accordingly, our board
of directors has decided that effective June 1, 2010, it is no longer majority independent and our nominating and corporate governance committee and our
compensation committee are no longer fully independent. Effective June 1, 2010, we elected to follow our home country (Jersey, Channel Islands)
practice, which does not impose a board or committee independence requirement.
Our board of directors is in an advanced stage of finalizing the appointment of another independent
director. Upon the appointment of an additional independent director, the board will once again be majority independent.
The board also intends to appoint this additional independent director as a member of our audit committee, which will then
consist of four independent directors.
All directors hold office until the expiry of their term of office, their resignation or removal
from office for gross negligence or criminal conduct by a resolution of our shareholders or until
they cease to be directors by virtue of any provision of law or they are disqualified by law from
being directors or they become bankrupt or make any arrangement or composition with their creditors
generally or they become of unsound mind. The term of office of the directors is divided into three
classes:
|
|
Class I, whose term will expire at the annual general meeting to be held in fiscal 2011; |
|
|
|
Class II, whose term will expire at the annual general meeting to be held in fiscal 2012; and |
|
|
|
Class III, whose term will expire at the annual general meeting to be held in fiscal 2013. |
Our directors for fiscal 2010 are classified as follows:
|
|
Class I: Sir Anthony Armitage Greener and Mr. Richard O. Bernays; |
|
|
|
Class II *: Mr. Keshav R. Murugesh; and |
|
|
|
Class III: Mr. Jeremy Young, Mr. Eric B. Herr and Mr. Deepak S. Parekh. |
|
|
|
* |
|
Mr. Ramesh Shah and Mr. Neeraj Bhargava both were class II directors and they resigned as
directors from our company with effect from March 29, 2010 and January 31, 2010, respectively. |
The appointments of Sir Anthony Armitage Greener and Mr. Richard O. Bernays will expire at
the next
annual general meeting, which we expect to hold in July 2010. We intend to seek shareholders
approval for the re-election of Sir Anthony Armitage Greener and Mr. Richard O. Bernays at the next
annual general meeting.
At each annual general meeting after the initial classification or special meeting in lieu
thereof,
the successors to directors whose terms will then expire serve from the time of election until the
third annual meeting following election or special meeting held in lieu thereof. Any additional
directorships resulting from an increase in the number of directors will be distributed among the
three classes so that, as nearly as possible, each class will consist of one-third of the
directors. This classification of the board of directors may have the effect of delaying or
preventing changes in control of management of our company.
Page 98
Jeremy has been appointed as a director as a nominee of Warburg Pincus, the principal shareholder
of our company. There are no family relationships among any of our directors or executive officers.
The employment agreement governing the services of one of our directors provide for benefits upon
termination of employment as described above.
Our board of directors held 13 meetings in fiscal 2010.
Board Leadership Structure and Board Oversight of Risk
Different individuals currently serve in the roles of Chairman of the Board and Group Chief
Executive Officer of our company. Our Board believes that splitting the roles of Chairman of the
Board and Group Chief Executive Officer is currently the most appropriate leadership structure for
our company, for a number of reasons. This leadership structure will bring in greater efficiency as
a result of vesting two important leadership roles in separate individuals and increased
independence for the board of directors. Further, until recently, Mr. Ramesh N. Shah served as an
Executive Chairman of the Board. However, on December 17, 2009, Mr. Shah stepped down from the
role of Chairman of the Board, and Mr. Eric B. Herr became the Non-Executive Chairman of the Board.
Mr. Shah left our company and resigned as a director with effect from March 29, 2010.
Boards Role in Risk Oversight
Our Board of Directors is primarily responsible for overseeing our risk management processes. The
Board of Directors receives and reviews periodic reports from the Head of Risk Management and Audit
as considered appropriate regarding our companys assessment of risks. The Board of Directors
focuses on the most significant risks facing our company and our companys general risk management
strategy, and also ensures that risks undertaken by our company are consistent with the Boards
appetite for risk. While the Board oversees our companys risk management, management is
responsible for day-to-day risk management processes. We believe this division of responsibilities
is the most effective approach for addressing the risks facing our company and that our Board
leadership structure supports this approach.
The boards audit committee has special responsibilities with respect to financial risks,
and
regularly reports to the full board of directors on these issues. Among other responsibilities, the
audit committee reviews the companys policies with respect to contingent liabilities and risks
that may be material to our company, our companys policies and procedures designed to promote
compliance with laws, regulations, and internal policies and procedures, and major legislative and
regulatory developments which could materially impact our company.
The compensation committee also plays a role in risk oversight as it relates to our
companys
compensation policies and practices. Among other responsibilities, the compensation committee
designs and evaluates our companys executive compensation policies and practices so that our
companys compensation programs promote accountability among employees and the interests of
employees are properly aligned with the interests of our shareholders.
Committees of the Board
Our board of directors has three standing committees: an audit committee, a compensation
committee
and a nominating and corporate governance committee.
Audit Committee
The audit committee comprises three directors: Sir Anthony Armitage Greener (Chairman), and
Messrs.
Eric B. Herr, and Richard O. Bernays. Each of Sir Anthony Greener and Messrs. Herr,
and Bernays satisfies the independence requirements of Rule 10A-3 of the
Exchange Act and the NYSE listing standards. Effective June 1, 2010, Mr. Parekh entered into a
consulting arrangement with another party, whereupon he ceased to qualify as independent under Rule 10A-3 of the
Exchange Act. Accordingly, Mr. Parekh stepped down from
our audit committee effective June 1, 2010. The
principal duties and responsibilities of our audit committee are as follows:
|
|
to serve as an independent and objective party to monitor our
financial reporting process and internal control systems; |
|
|
|
to review and appraise the audit efforts of our independent
accountants and exercise ultimate authority over the relationship
between us and our independent accountants; and |
|
|
|
to provide an open avenue of communication among the independent
accountants, financial and senior management and the board of
directors. |
Page 99
The audit committee has the power to investigate any matter brought to its attention within the
scope of its duties. It also has the authority to retain counsel and advisors to fulfill its
responsibilities and duties. Mr. Herr serves as our audit committee financial expert, within the
requirements of the rules promulgated by the Commission relating to listed-company audit
committees.
We have posted our audit committee charter on our website at www.wns.com. Information
contained in
our website does not constitute a part of this annual report.
The audit committee held five meetings in fiscal 2010.
Compensation Committee
The compensation committee comprises four directors: Messrs. Richard O. Bernays (Chairman),
Eric B.
Herr, Deepak Parekh and Sir Anthony Armitage Greener. Each of Messrs. Bernays, Herr and
Sir Anthony satisfies the independence requirements of
the NYSE listing standards. Effective June 1, 2010, Mr. Parekh entered into a consulting arrangement with another party.
Our board of directors has decided that it will not consider Mr. Parekh as an independent director under the NYSE listing standards
from the effectiveness of such arrangement. Accordingly, our board of directors has determined that effective June 1, 2010, our
compensation committee is no longer fully independent, whereupon we decided to follow our
home country (Jersey, Channel Islands) practice, which does not impose a committee independent requirement.
The scope of
this committees duties includes determining the compensation of our executive officers and other
key management personnel. The compensation committee also administers the 2002 Stock Incentive Plan
and the Amended and Restated 2006 Incentive Award Plan, reviews performance appraisal criteria and
sets standards for and decides on all employee shares options allocations when delegated to do so
by our board of directors.
We have posted our compensation committee charter on our website at www.wns.com.
Information
contained in our website does not constitute a part of this annual report.
The compensation committee held six meetings in fiscal 2010.
Nominating and Corporate Governance Committee
The nominating and corporate governance committee comprises four directors: Messrs. Deepak
Parekh
(Chairman), Eric B. Herr, Richard O. Bernays and Sir Anthony Armitrage Greener. Each of Messrs.
Herr and Bernays and Sir Anthony satisfies the independence requirements of the NYSE
listing standards. Effective June 1, 2010 Mr. Parekh entered into a consulting arrangement with another party. Our
board of directors has decided that it will not consider Mr. Parekh as an independent director under the NYSE listing standards from date of the
effectiveness of such arrangement. Accordingly, our board of directors has determined that effective June 1, 2010, our nominating and corporate governance
committee is no longer full independent, whereupon we decided to elect to follow our home country
(Jersey, Channel Islands) practice, which does not impose a committee independence requirement. The principal duties and responsibilities of the nominating and governance
committee are as follows:
|
|
to assist the board of directors by identifying individuals
qualified to become board members and members of board committees,
to recommend to the board of directors nominees for the next annual
meeting of shareholders, and to recommend to the board of directors
nominees for each committee of the board of directors; |
|
|
|
to monitor our corporate governance structure; and |
|
|
|
to periodically review and recommend to the board of directors any
proposed changes to the corporate governance guidelines applicable
to us. |
We have posted our nominating and corporate governance committee charter on our website at
www.wns.com. Information contained in our website does not constitute a part of this annual report.
The nominating and corporate governance committee uses its judgment to identify well qualified
individuals who are willing and able to serve on our board of directors. Pursuant to its charter,
the nominating and corporate governance committee may consider a variety of criteria in
recommending candidates for election to our board, including an individuals personal and
professional integrity, ethics and values; experience in corporate management, such as serving as
an officer or former officer of a publicly held company, and a general understanding of marketing,
finance and other elements relevant to the success of a publicly-traded company in todays business
environment; experience in our companys industry and with relevant social policy concerns;
experience as a board member of another publicly held company; academic expertise in an area of our
companys operations; and practical and mature business judgment, including ability to make
independent analytical inquiries.
While the nominating and corporate governance committee does not have a formal policy with
respect
to the consideration of diversity in identifying director nominees, it nevertheless considers
director nominees with a diverse range of backgrounds, skills, national origins, values,
experiences, and occupations.
The nominating and corporate governance committee held two meetings in fiscal 2010.
Page 100
Executive Sessions
Our non-executive directors meet regularly in executive session without executive directors or
management present. The purpose of these executive sessions is to promote open and candid
discussion among the non-executive directors. Mr. Eric B. Herr has presided over all executive
sessions. Our non-executive directors held four executive sessions in fiscal 2010.
Shareholders and other interested parties may communicate directly with the presiding director or
with our non-executive directors as a group by writing to the following address: WNS (Holdings)
Limited, Attention: Non-Executive Directors, Gate 4, Godrej & Boyce Complex, Pirojshanagar,
Vikhroli (W), Mumbai 400 079, India.
D. Employees
For a description of our employees, see Item 4. Information on the Company
Business Overview
Human Capital.
E. Share Ownership
The following table sets forth information with respect to the beneficial ownership of our
ordinary
shares as of May 31, 2010 by each of our directors and all our directors and executive officers
as a group. As used in this table, beneficial ownership means the sole or shared power to vote or
direct the voting or to dispose of or direct the sale of any security. A person is deemed to be the
beneficial owner of securities that can be acquired within 60 days upon the exercise of any option,
warrant or right. Ordinary shares subject to options, warrants or rights that are currently
exercisable or exercisable within 60 days are deemed outstanding for computing the ownership
percentage of the person holding the options, warrants or rights, but are not deemed outstanding
for computing the ownership percentage of any other person. The amounts and percentages as of May 31, 2010 are based on an aggregate of 44,039,723 ordinary shares outstanding as of that date.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of Ordinary Shares Beneficially Owned |
|
Name |
|
Number |
|
|
Percent |
|
Directors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keshav Murugesh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Jeremy Young(1) (3) |
|
|
21,366,644 |
|
|
|
48.52 |
% |
Eric B. Herr |
|
|
20,656 |
|
|
|
0.05 |
% |
Deepak S. Parekh |
|
|
20,656 |
|
|
|
0.05 |
% |
Richard O. Bernays |
|
|
20,656 |
|
|
|
0.05 |
% |
Anthony Armitage Greener |
|
|
20,191 |
|
|
|
0.05 |
% |
Executive Officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alok Misra |
|
|
46,749 |
|
|
|
0.11 |
% |
J.J. Selvadurai(2) |
|
|
301,425 |
|
|
|
0.68 |
% |
Steve Reynolds |
|
|
17,187 |
|
|
|
0.04 |
% |
All our directors and executive
officers as a group (nine
persons)(3) |
|
|
21,814,164 |
|
|
|
49.53 |
% |
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Jeremy Young is a
director of our company
and a Managing Director
and member of Warburg
Pincus LLC. All shares
indicated as owned by Mr.
Young was a result of his
affiliation with the
Warburg Pincus entities.
Mr. Young disclaims
beneficial ownership of
all shares held by the
Warburg Pincus entities. |
|
(2) |
|
Of the 301,425 shares
beneficially owned by
J.J. Selvadurai, 251,666
shares are indirectly
held via a trust which is
controlled by Mr.
Selvadurai. |
|
(3) |
|
Includes the shares
beneficially owned by
Jeremy Young, nominee
director of Warburg
Pincus, because of his
affiliation with the
Warburg Pincus entities.
Mr. Young disclaims
beneficial ownership of
all shares held by the
Warburg Pincus entities. |
Page 101
The following table sets forth information concerning options and RSUs held by our directors
and executive officers as of May 31, 2010:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Options Summary |
|
RSU Summary |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
of |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
shares |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
unexercised |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
RSUs |
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
options |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Number of |
|
that will |
|
|
|
|
shares |
|
|
|
|
|
that will |
|
Number of |
|
|
|
|
|
shares |
|
vest in |
|
Number of |
|
|
underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
vest in |
|
shares |
|
|
|
|
|
underlying |
|
next 60 |
|
shares |
|
|
unexercised |
|
|
|
|
|
next 60 |
|
underlying |
|
|
|
|
|
RSUs held |
|
days |
|
underlying |
|
|
but |
|
|
|
|
|
days from |
|
options |
|
|
|
|
|
that have |
|
from |
|
RSUs held |
|
|
vested |
|
Exercise |
|
May 31, |
|
that have |
|
Exercise |
|
vested but |
|
May 31, |
|
that have |
Name |
|
options |
|
price |
|
2010 |
|
not vested |
|
price |
|
unexercised |
|
2010 |
|
not vested |
Directors |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Keshav R. Murugesh |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
260,000 |
|
Jeremy Young |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Eric B. Herr |
|
|
14,000 |
|
|
$ |
20.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
45,806 |
|
|
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Deepak S. Parekh |
|
|
14,000 |
|
|
$ |
20.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,806 |
|
|
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Richard O.
Bernays |
|
|
14,000 |
|
|
$ |
28.87 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
10,806 |
|
|
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Anthony Armitage
Greener |
|
|
9,333 |
|
|
$ |
28.48 |
|
|
|
4,667 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
11,271 |
|
|
|
|
1,333 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
667 |
|
|
$ |
22.98 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Executive Officers |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Alok Misra |
|
|
8,840 |
|
|
$ |
15.32 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,420 |
|
|
$ |
15.32 |
|
|
|
37,909 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
66,004 |
|
J.J. Selvadurai |
|
|
20,000 |
|
|
$ |
20.00 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
16,532 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
36,019 |
|
|
|
|
5,000 |
|
|
$ |
30.21 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
8,227 |
|
|
$ |
27.75 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Steve Reynolds |
|
|
2,083 |
|
|
$ |
28.47 |
|
|
|
1,042 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
4,650 |
|
|
|
7,994 |
|
|
|
33,094 |
|
Page 102
ITEM 7. MAJOR SHAREHOLDERS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
A. Major Shareholders
The following table sets forth information regarding beneficial ownership of our ordinary shares
as
of May 31, 2010 held by each person who is known to us to have 5.0% or more beneficial share
ownership based on an aggregate of 44,039,723 ordinary shares outstanding as of that date.
Beneficial ownership is determined in accordance with the rules of the Commission and includes
shares over which the indicated beneficial owner exercises voting and/or investment power or
receives the economic benefit of ownership of such securities. Ordinary shares subject to options
currently exercisable or exercisable within 60 days are deemed outstanding for the purposes of
computing the percentage ownership of the person holding the options but are not deemed outstanding
for the purposes of computing the percentage ownership of any other person.
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Name of Beneficial Owner |
|
Number of Shares Beneficially Owned |
|
Percentage Beneficially Owned(1) |
Warburg Pincus(2)
|
|
|
21,366,644 |
|
|
|
48.52 |
% |
FMR LLC(3)
|
|
|
5,355,211 |
|
|
|
12.16 |
% |
Nalanda India Fund Limited(4)
|
|
|
5,211,410 |
|
|
|
11.83 |
% |
Columbia Wanger Asset Management,
L.P.(5)
|
|
|
5,185,299 |
|
|
|
11.77 |
% |
|
|
|
Notes: |
|
(1) |
|
Based on an aggregate of 44,039,723 ordinary shares outstanding as of May 31,
2010. |
|
(2) |
|
Information is based on a report on Schedule 13G jointly filed with the Commission on
August 22, 2006 by Warburg Pincus Private Equity VIII, L.P., or WP VIII, Warburg Pincus
International Partners, L.P., or WPIP, Warburg Pincus Netherlands International Partners I,
CV, or WP Netherlands, Warburg, Pincus Partners, LLC, or WPP LLC, Warburg, Pincus & Co., or
Warburg Pincus, and Warburg Pincus LLC, or WP LLC. The sole general partner of each of WP
VIII, WPIP and WP Netherlands is WPP LLC. WPP LLC is managed by Warburg Pincus. WP LLC manages
each of WP VIII, WPIP and WP Netherlands. Charles R. Kaye and Joseph P. Landy are each
Managing General Partners of Warburg Pincus and Co-President and Managing Members of WP LLC.
Each of Warburg Pincus, WPP LLC, WP LLC, Mr. Kaye and Mr. Landy disclaims beneficial ownership
of the ordinary shares except to the extent of any indirect pecuniary interest therein. |
|
(3) |
|
Information is based on a report on Amendment No. 4 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the
Commission on February 16, 2010 by FMR LLC, Edward C. Johnson 3d, Fidelity Management &
Research Company and Fidelity Mid Cap Stock Fund. Edward C. Johnson 3d is the Chairman of FMR
LLC. Fidelity Management & Research Company, a wholly owned subsidiary of FMR LLC, is the
investment adviser to Fidelity Mid Cap Stock Fund. |
|
(4) |
|
Information is based on a report on Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on January 13,
2010 by Nalanda India Fund Limited. |
|
(5) |
|
Information is based on a report on Amendment No. 2 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the
Commission on February 10, 2010 by Columbia Wanger Asset Management, L.P. and Columbia Acorn
Trust. |
The following summarizes the significant changes in the percentage ownership held by our major
shareholders during the past three years:
|
|
FMR LLC reported its percentage ownership of our ordinary shares to be 10.264% in a report
on Schedule 13G jointly filed with the Commission on June 19, 2007, 14.999% in a report on
Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the Commission on February 14, 2008, 9.49%
in a report on Amendment No. 3 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the Commission on February
17, 2009 and 12.641% (based on the then number of our ordinary shares reported as outstanding
at that time) in a report on Amendment No. 4 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the Commission
on February 16, 2010. |
|
|
Nalanda India Fund Limited reported its percentage ownership of our ordinary shares to be
5.25% in a report on Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on March 20, 2008, 9.86% in a
report on Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on February 9, 2009 and
12.3% (based on the then number of our ordinary shares reported as outstanding at that time)
in reports on Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on February 10, 2009 and January 13,
2010. |
Page 103
|
|
Columbia Wanger Asset Management, L.P. reported its percentage ownership of our ordinary
shares to be Columbia 8.16% in a report on Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on February
5, 2009, 10.05% in a report on Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on
March 9, 2009 and 12.2% (based on the then number of our ordinary shares reported as
outstanding at that time) in a report on Amendment No. 2 to Schedule 13G filed with the
Commission on February 10, 2010. |
|
|
Tiger Global Management, LLC reported that it owned 6.6% of our ordinary shares in a report
on Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G filed with the Commission on February 12, 2009 and
thereafter divested its entire interest in a report on Amendment No. 2 to Schedule 13G filed
with the Commission on February 12, 2010. |
|
|
Lone Spruce, L.P., Lone Balsam, Lone Sequoia, Lone Pine Associates LLC, Lone Pine Capital
LLC (which we refer to collectively herein as Lone Capital) and Stephen F. Mandel reported
Lone Pine Associatess ownership of 1.0%, Lone Pine Capitals ownership of 4.4% and Mr.
Mandels ownership of 5.4% of our ordinary shares in a report on Schedule 13G jointly filed
with the Commission on August 17, 2007 by Lone Capital and Mr. Mandel. Lone Capital and Mr.
Mandel thereafter in a report on Amendment No. 1 to Schedule 13G jointly filed with the
Commission on February 14, 2008 reported that they ceased to own more than 5% of our ordinary
shares. Lone Pine Associates, the general partner of Lone Spruce, Lone Sequoia and Lone
Balsam, has the power to direct the affairs of Lone Spruce, Lone Sequoia and Lone Balsam. Mr.
Mandel is the Managing Member of each of Lone Pine Associates and Lone Pine Capital and in
such capacity directs their operations. |
None of our major shareholders have different voting rights from our other shareholders.
As of May 31, 2010, 21,807,710 of our ordinary shares, representing 49.52% of our
outstanding
ordinary shares, were held by a total of 35 holders of record with addresses in the US. As of the
same date, 21,408,081 of our ADSs (representing 21,408,081 ordinary shares),
representing 48.61% of our outstanding ordinary shares, were held by one registered holder of record
with addresses in and outside of the US. Since certain of these ordinary shares and ADSs were held
by brokers or other nominees, the number of record holders in the US may not be representative of
the number of beneficial holders or where the beneficial holders are resident. All holders of our
ordinary shares are entitled to the same voting rights.
Related Party Transactions
(Amounts in thousands, unless otherwise indicated)
Since fiscal 2003, we have entered into agreements with certain investee companies of another of
our principal shareholders, Warburg Pincus, to provide business process outsourcing services. These
investee companies are companies in which Warburg Pincus has 10% or more beneficial share
ownership. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, these investee companies in the aggregate accounted for
$2.6 million, $3.2 million and $3.5 million, respectively, representing 0.5%, 0.6% and 0.8% of our
revenue, respectively, and 0.7%, 0.8% and 1.2% of our revenue less repair payments, respectively.
We have also entered into agreements with certain other investee companies of Warburg Pincus under
which we receive certain enterprise resource planning services from them. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and
2008, these investee companies in the aggregate accounted for $nil, $109 and $189 in
expenses, respectively. We also purchase equipment from certain investee companies of Warburg
Pincus. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, we paid these investee
companies in the aggregate $nil,
$2 and $0.7 million, respectively, for these equipment. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, we
received as other income from Warburg Pincus $nil, $nil and $25 for sponsorship of corporate
events.
In fiscal 2004, we have entered into an agreement with Flovate, a company in which Edwin Donald
Harrell, who was until April 2006 one of our executive officers, was a majority shareholder, under
which we license certain software. Flovate is engaged in the development and maintenance of
software products and solutions primarily used by WNS Assistance in providing services to its
customers. In fiscal 2008 (until June 2007 when we acquired Flovate) and 2007, payments by us to
Flovate pursuant to this agreement amounted to $0.8 million and $4.6 million in the aggregate,
respectively.
On January 1, 2005, we entered into an agreement with Datacap Software Private Limited, or
Datacap,
pursuant to which Datacap granted us the license to use its proprietary ITES software program. J.J.
Selvadurai, our Managing Director of European Operations, is a principal shareholder of Datacap. In
fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, we paid $5, $30 and $26, respectively, for the license under
the agreement. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008, we paid Datacap $2,
$5 and $nil, respectively, for
purchase of computers and software.
Page 104
On June 6, 2007, we entered into an agreement with Edwin Donald Harrell, Theodore Agnew and
Clare
Margaret Agnew to purchase all the shares of Flovate for a consideration comprising £3.3 million in
cash and have deposited an additional retention amount of £0.7 million into an escrow account which
has been paid to the selling shareholders.
On September 18, 2007, we entered into an agreement with Mahindra & Mahindra Limited
for the hire
of transport services. Our director, Mr. Deepak Parekh, is an executive director of Mahindra &
Mahindra Limited. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 we paid $nil, $4
and $ nil respectively, for such transport services.
In March 2008, we entered into an agreement with Singapore Telecommunications Ltd for the
provision
of lease line services. Our director, Mr. Deepak Parekh, is an executive director of Singapore
Telecommunications Ltd. In fiscal 2010, 2009 and 2008 we paid
$319, $274 and $ nil,
respectively, for such services.
In fiscal
2009, we obtained a short-term loan of Rs. 440 million ($10.04 million based
on the spot
rate of Rs. 43.84 per $1.00 on the date of the loan) from HDFC Limited for working capital
purposes. Our director, Mr. Deepak Parekh, is the Chairman of HDFC Limited. Interest was payable at
the rate of 15.5% per annum. In fiscal 2009, an interest amount of $269 was paid to HDFC
Limited. The loan was repaid in September and November 2008.
In fiscal
2010, we paid $4 to Indian Hotels Company Limited towards hiring of accommodation and
related services. Our director, Mr. Deepak Parekh, is a director of Indian Hotels Limited.
C. Interests of Experts and Counsel
Not applicable.
ITEM 8. FINANCIAL INFORMATION
A. Consolidated Statements and Other Financial Information
Please see Item 18. Financial Statements for a list of the financial statements
filed as part of
this annual report.
Legal Proceedings
From time to time, we receive orders of assessment from the Indian tax authorities assessing
additional taxable income on us and/or our subsidiaries in connection with their review of our tax
returns. We currently have a few orders of assessment outstanding and are vigorously disputing
those assessments. We have described below assessment orders that we believe could be material to
our company given the magnitude of the claim. In case of disputes, the Indian tax authorities may
require us to deposit with them all or a portion of the disputed amount pending resolution of the
matter on appeal. Any amount paid by us as deposits will be refunded to us with interest if we
succeed in our appeals.
In January 2009, we received an order of assessment from the Indian tax authorities that
assessed
additional taxable income for fiscal 2005 on WNS Global, our wholly-owned Indian subsidiary, that
could give rise to an estimated Rs. 728.1 million ($16.1 million based on the exchange rate on
March 31, 2010) in additional taxes, including interest of Rs. 225.9 million ($5.0 million based on
the exchange rate on March 31, 2010). The assessment order alleges that the transfer price we
applied to international transactions between WNS Global and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries
was not appropriate, disallows certain expenses claimed as tax deductible by WNS Global and
disallows a tax holiday benefit claimed by us. After consultation with our Indian tax advisors, we
believe the chances that we would be able to overturn the assessment on appeal are strong and we
intend to continue to vigorously dispute the assessment.
Furthermore, first level Indian appellate
authorities have recently ruled in our favor in our dispute against an assessment order assessing
additional taxable income for fiscal 2004 on WNS Global based on similar allegations on transfer
pricing and tax deductibility of similar expenses and overturned the assessment. Although this
ruling is not binding on the appellate authorities hearing our dispute on the aforesaid assessment
on fiscal 2005 received in January 2009, we believe it will serve as persuasive authority in
support of our position. In March 2009, we deposited Rs. 10.0 million ($0.2 million based on the
exchange rate on March 31, 2010) with the Indian tax authorities pending resolution of the dispute.
In March 2009, we received from the Indian service tax authority an assessment order demanding
payment of Rs. 346.2 million ($7.7 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) of service
tax and related interest and penalty for the period from March 1, 2003 to January 31, 2005. The
assessment order alleges that service tax is payable in India on BPO services provided by WNS
Global to clients. After consultation with our Indian tax advisors, we believe the chances that the
assessment would be upheld against us are remote. We intend to continue to vigorously dispute the
assessment.
On October 31, 2009, we received an order of assessment from the transfer pricing officer of
the
Indian tax authorities for fiscal 2006. The transfer pricing assessment order alleges that the
transfer pricing we applied to international
Page 105
transactions between WNS Global and our other wholly
owned subsidiaries was not appropriate. On November 30, 2009, we received a draft order of
assessment from the Indian tax authorities incorporating the above mentioned transfer pricing
order, that assessed additional taxable income for fiscal 2006 on WNS Global, that could give rise
to an estimated Rs. 759.9 million ($16.8 million based on the exchange rate on March 31, 2010) in
additional taxes, including interest of Rs. 235.9 million ($5.2 million based on the exchange rate
on March 31, 2010). The draft assessment order alleges that the transfer price we applied to
international transactions between WNS Global and our other wholly-owned subsidiaries was not
appropriate, disallows certain expenses claimed as tax deductible by WNS Global and disallows a tax
holiday benefit claimed by us.
We have disputed the draft assessment order and have filed an appeal before the Dispute
Resolution
Panel, or DRP, a panel recently set by Government of India as an alternative to first appellate
authority. The final order of assessment is expected to be passed in the month of September or
October 2010 following the receipt of the order passed by DRP which is expected to occur in the
second fiscal quarter of 2011. We do not agree with the transfer pricing officers basis of making
the assessment, transfer pricing methodologies and the amount of the assessment. After consultation
with our Indian tax advisors, we believe that the chances of the order, upon challenge, being
sustained at the higher appellate authorities are remote and we intend to vigorously dispute the
assessment. We may be required to deposit with the tax authorities all or a portion of the disputed
amount pending final resolution of the matter.
No assurance can be given, however, that we will prevail in our tax disputes. If we do not
prevail,
payment of additional taxes, interest and penalties may adversely affect our results of operations,
financial condition and cash flows. There can also be no assurance that we will not receive similar
or additional orders of assessment in the future.
Except for the above, as of the date of this annual report, we are not a party to any other legal
proceedings that could reasonably be expected to materially harm our company.
Dividend Policy
Subject to the provisions of the 1991 Law and our Articles of Association, we may by ordinary
resolution declare annual dividends to be paid to our shareholders according to their respective
rights and interests in our distributable reserves. Any dividends we may declare must not exceed
the amount recommended by our board of directors. Our board may also declare and pay an interim
dividend or dividends, including a dividend payable at a fixed rate, if paying an interim dividend
or dividends appears to the board to be justified by our distributable reserves. See Item 10.
Additional Information B. Memorandum and Articles of Association. We can only declare dividends
if our directors who are to authorize the distribution make a prior statement that, having made
full enquiry into our affairs and prospects, they have formed the opinion that:
|
|
immediately following the date on which the distribution is proposed to be made, we will be
able to discharge our liabilities as they fall due; and |
|
|
having regard to our prospects and to the intentions of our directors with respect to the
management of our business and to the amount and character of the financial resources that
will in their view be available to us, we will be able to continue to carry on business and we
will be able to discharge our liabilities as they fall due until the expiry of the period of
12 months immediately following the date on which the distribution is proposed to be made or
until we are dissolved under Article 150 of the 1991 Law, whichever first occurs. |
We have never declared or paid any dividends on our ordinary shares. Any future determination to
pay cash dividends will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will be dependent upon
our results of operations and cash flows, our financial position and capital requirements, general
business conditions, legal, tax, regulatory and any contractual restrictions on the payment of
dividends and any other factors our board of directors deems relevant at the time.
Subject to the deposit agreement governing the issuance of our ADSs, holders of ADSs will be
entitled to receive dividends paid on the ordinary shares represented by such ADSs.
B. Significant Changes
There has been no significant subsequent events following the close of the last fiscal year up to
the date of this annual report that are known to us and require disclosure in this document for
which disclosure was not made in this annual report.
Page 106
ITEM 9. THE OFFER AND LISTING
A. Offer and Listing Details
Our ADSs evidenced by American Depositary Receipts, or ADRs, commenced trading on the NYSE, on
July
26, 2006 at an initial offering price of $20.00 per ADS. The ADRs evidencing ADSs were issued by
our depositary, Deutsche Bank Trust Company Americas, pursuant to a deposit agreement. The number
of our outstanding ordinary shares (including the underlying shares for ADSs) as of May 31, 2010
was 44,039,723. As of May 31, 2010, there were 21,408,081 ADSs outstanding
(representing 21,408,081 ordinary shares).
The high and low last reported sale price per ADS since trading on July 26, 2006 are as
shown
below:
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
Price per ADS on NYSE |
|
|
High |
|
Low |
Fiscal Year: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2007(1) |
|
$ |
35.83 |
|
|
$ |
20.79 |
|
2008 |
|
$ |
29.85 |
|
|
$ |
12.81 |
|
2009 |
|
$ |
20.00 |
|
|
$ |
3.10 |
|
2010 |
|
$ |
17.25 |
|
|
$ |
5.10 |
|
Fiscal Quarter: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
2009 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First quarter |
|
$ |
20.00 |
|
|
$ |
15.60 |
|
Second quarter |
|
$ |
18.30 |
|
|
$ |
9.34 |
|
Third quarter |
|
$ |
11.54 |
|
|
$ |
5.16 |
|
Fourth quarter |
|
$ |
7.95 |
|
|
$ |
3.10 |
|
2010 |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
First quarter |
|
$ |
10.40 |
|
|
$ |
5.10 |
|
Second quarter |
|
$ |
16.50 |
|
|
$ |
8.39 |
|
Third quarter |
|
$ |
17.25 |
|
|
$ |
11.59 |
|
Fourth quarter |
|
$ |
15.95 |
|
|
$ |
10.12 |
|
Month: |
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
|
October 2009 |
|
$ |
17.25 |
|
|
$ |
11.59 |
|
November 2009 |
|
$ |
16.49 |
|
|
$ |
13.29 |
|
December 2009 |
|
$ |
15.50 |
|
|
$ |
14.04 |
|
January 2010 |
|
$ |
15.95 |
|
|
$ |
13.06 |
|
February 2010 |
|
$ |
15.49 |
|
|
$ |
14.76 |
|
March 2010 |
|
$ |
15.61 |
|
|
$ |
10.12 |
|
April 2010 |
|
$ |
13.38 |
|
|
$ |
10.68 |
|
May 2010 |
|
$ |
12.30 |
|
|
$ |
9.78 |
|
|
|
|
Note: |
|
(1) |
|
From July 26, 2006 following the completion of our initial public offering on the NYSE. |
B. Plan of Distribution
Not applicable.
C. Markets
Our ADSs are listed on the NYSE under the symbol WNS.
D. Selling Shareholders
Not applicable.
E. Dilution
Not applicable.
Page 107
F. Expenses of the Issue
Not applicable.
ITEM 10. ADDITIONAL INFORMATION
A. Share Capital
Not applicable.
B. Memorandum and Articles of Association
General
We were incorporated in Jersey, Channel Islands, as a private limited company (with registered
number 82262) on February 18, 2002 pursuant to the 1991 Law. We converted from a private limited
company to a public limited company on January 4, 2006 when we acquired more than 30 shareholders
as calculated in accordance with Article 17A of the 1991 Law. We gave notice of this to the Jersey
Financial Services Commission, or JFSC, in accordance with Article 17(3) of the 1991 Law on January
12, 2006.
The address of our share registrar and secretary is Capita Secretaries Limited at 12 Castle
Street,
St. Helier, Jersey JE2 3RT, Channel Islands. Our registered office and our share register are
maintained at the premises of Capita Secretaries Limited.
Our activities are regulated by our Memorandum and Articles of Association. We adopted an amended
and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association by special resolution of our shareholders
passed on May 22, 2006. This amended and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association came into
effect immediately prior to the completion of our initial public offering in July 2006. The
material provisions of our amended and restated Memorandum and Articles of Association are
described below. In addition to our Memorandum and Articles of Association, our activities are
regulated by (among other relevant legislation) the 1991 Law. Our Memorandum of Association states
our company name, that we are a public company, that we are a par value company, our authorized
share capital and that the liability of our shareholders is limited to the amount (if any) unpaid
on their shares. Below is a summary of some of the provisions of our Articles of Association. It is
not, nor does it purport to be, complete or to identify all of the rights and obligations of our
shareholders. The summary is qualified in its entirety by reference to our Memorandum and Articles
of Association. See Item 19. Exhibits Exhibit 1.1 and Item 19. Exhibits Exhibit 1.2.
The rights of shareholders described in this section are available only to persons who hold our
certificated shares. ADS holders do not hold our certificated shares and therefore are not directly
entitled to the rights conferred on our shareholders by our Articles of Association or the rights
conferred on shareholders of a Jersey company by the 1991 Law, including, without limitation: the
right to receive dividends and the right to attend and vote at shareholders meetings; the rights
described in Other Jersey Law Considerations Mandatory Purchases and Acquisitions and
Other Jersey Law Considerations Compromises and Arrangements, the right to apply to a Jersey
court for an order on the grounds that the affairs of a company are being conducted in a manner
which is unfairly prejudicial to the interests of its shareholders; and the right to apply to the
JFSC to have an inspector appointed to investigate the affairs of a company. ADS holders are
entitled to receive dividends and to exercise the right to vote only in accordance with the deposit
agreement.
Share Capital
As of May 31, 2010, the authorized share capital is £5,100,000 divided into
50,000,000 ordinary
shares of 10 pence each and 1,000,000 preferred shares of 10 pence each. We had 44,039,723 ordinary
shares outstanding as of May 31, 2010. There are no preferred shares outstanding as of May 31,
2010. Pursuant to Jersey law and our Memorandum and Articles of Association, our board of directors
by resolution may establish one or more classes of preferred shares having such number of shares,
designations, dividend rates, relative voting rights, liquidation rights and other relative
participation, optional or other special rights, qualifications, limitations or restrictions as may
be fixed by the board without any further shareholder approval. Such rights, preferences, powers
and limitations as may be established could also have the effect of discouraging an attempt to
obtain control of us. None of our shares have any redemption rights.
Capacity
Under the 1991 Law, the doctrine of ultra vires in its application to companies is
abolished and
accordingly the capacity of a Jersey company is not limited by anything in its memorandum or
articles or by any act of its members.
Page 108
Changes in Capital or our Memorandum and Articles of Association
Subject to the 1991 Law and our Articles of Association, we may by special resolution at a
general
meeting:
|
|
increase our authorized or paid-up share capital; |
|
|
consolidate and divide all or any part of our shares into shares of a
larger amount than is fixed by our Memorandum of Association; |
|
|
sub-divide all or any part of our shares into shares of smaller amount
than is fixed by our Memorandum of Association; |
|
|
convert any of our issued or unissued shares into shares of another class; |
|
|
convert all our issued par value shares into no par value shares and vice versa; |
|
|
convert any of our paid-up shares into stock, and reconvert any stock into any
number of paid-up shares of any denomination; |
|
|
|
convert any of our issued limited shares into redeemable shares which can be redeemed; |
|
|
cancel shares which, at the date of passing of the resolution, have not
been taken or agreed to be taken by any person, and diminish the amount of
the authorized share capital by the amount of the shares so cancelled; |
|
|
reduce our issued share capital; or |
|
|
alter our Memorandum or Articles of Association. |
General Meetings of Shareholders
We may at any time convene general meetings of shareholders. We hold an annual general meeting
for
each fiscal year. Under the 1991 Law, no more than 18 months may elapse between the date of one
annual general meeting and the next.
Our Articles of Association provide that annual general meetings and meetings calling for the
passing of a special resolution require 21 days notice of the place, day and time of the meeting
in writing to our shareholders. Any other general meeting requires no less than 14 days notice in
writing. Our directors may, at their discretion, and upon a request made in accordance with the
1991 Law by shareholders holding not less than one tenth of our total voting rights our directors
shall, convene a general meeting. Our business may be transacted at a general meeting only when a
quorum of shareholders is present. Two shareholders entitled to attend and to vote on the business
to be transacted (or a proxy for a shareholder or a duly authorized representative of a corporation
which is a shareholder) and holding shares conferring not less than one-third of the total voting
rights, constitute a quorum provided that if at any time all of our issued shares are held by one
shareholder, such quorum shall consist of the shareholder present in person or by proxy.
The annual general meetings deal with and dispose of all matters prescribed by our Articles of
Association and by the 1991 Law including:
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the consideration of our annual financial statements and report of our directors and auditors; |
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the election of directors (if necessary); |
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the appointment of auditors and the fixing of their remuneration; |
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the sanction of dividends; and |
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the transaction of any other business of which notice has been given. |
Failure to hold an annual general meeting is an offence by our company and its directors under
the
1991 Law and carries a potential fine of up to £5,000 for our company and each director.
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Voting Rights
Subject to any special terms as to voting on which any shares may have been issued or may from
time
to time be held, at a general meeting, every shareholder who is present in person (including any
corporation present by its duly authorized representative) shall on a show of hands have one vote
and every shareholder present in person or by proxy shall on a poll have one vote for each share of
which he is a holder. In the case of joint holders only one of them may vote and in the absence of
election as to who is to vote, the vote of the senior who tenders a vote, whether in person or by
proxy, shall be accepted to the exclusion of the votes of the other joint holders.
A shareholder may appoint any person (whether or not a shareholder) to act as his proxy at any
meeting of shareholders (or of any class of shareholders) in respect of all or a particular number
of the shares held by him. A shareholder may appoint more than one person to act as his proxy and
each such person shall act as proxy for the shareholder for the number of shares specified in the
instrument appointing the person a proxy. If a shareholder appoints more than one person to act as
his proxy, each instrument appointing a proxy shall specify the number of shares held by the
shareholder for which the relevant person is appointed his proxy. Each duly appointed proxy has the
same rights as the shareholder by whom he was appointed to speak at a meeting and vote at a meeting
in respect of the number of shares held by the shareholder for which the relevant proxy is
appointed his proxy.
For the purpose of determining shareholders entitled to notice of or to vote at any meeting of
shareholders or any adjournment thereof or in order to make a determination of shareholders for any
other proper purpose, our directors may fix in advance a date as the record date for any such
determination of shareholders.
Shareholder Resolutions
An ordinary resolution requires the affirmative vote of a simple majority (i.e., more than 50%)
of
our shareholders entitled to vote in person (or by corporate representative in case of a corporate
entity) or by proxy at a general meeting.
A special resolution requires the affirmative vote of a majority of not less than two-thirds of
our
shareholders entitled to vote in person (or by corporate representative in the case of a corporate
entity) or by proxy at a general meeting.
Our Articles of Association prohibit the passing of shareholder resolutions by written consent to
remove an auditor or to remove a director before the expiry of his term of office.
Dividends
Subject to the provisions of the 1991 Law and of the Articles of Association, we may, by ordinary
resolution, declare dividends to be paid to shareholders according to their respective rights and
interests in our distributable reserves. However, no dividend shall exceed the amount recommended
by our directors.
Subject to the provisions of the 1991 Law, we may declare and pay an interim dividend or
dividends,
including a dividend payable at a fixed rate, if an interim dividend or dividends appears to us to
be justified by our distributable reserves.
Except as otherwise provided by the rights attached to any shares, all dividends shall be
declared
and paid according to the amounts paid up (as to both par and any premium) otherwise than in
advance of calls, on the shares on which the dividend is paid. All dividends unclaimed for a period
of ten years after having been declared or become due for payment shall, if we so resolve, be
forfeited and shall cease to remain owing by us.
We may, with the authority of an ordinary resolution, direct that payment of any dividend
declared
may be satisfied wholly or partly by the distribution of assets, and in particular of paid-up
shares or debentures of any other company, or in any one or more of those ways.
We may also with the prior authority of an ordinary resolution, and subject to such conditions as
we may determine, offer to holders of shares the right to elect to receive shares, credited as
fully paid, instead of the whole, or some part, to be determined by us, of any dividend specified
by the ordinary resolution.
For the purposes of determining shareholders entitled to receive a dividend or distribution, our
directors may fix a record date for any such determination of shareholders. A record date for any
dividend or distribution may be on or at any time before any date on which such dividend or
distribution is paid or made and on or at any time before or after any date on which such dividend
or distribution is declared.
Ownership Limitations
Our Articles of Association and the 1991 Law do not contain limits on the number of shares that a
shareholder may own.
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Transfer of Shares
Every shareholder may transfer all or any of his shares by instrument of transfer in writing in
any
usual form or in any form approved by us. The instrument must be executed by or on behalf of the
transferor and, in the case of a transfer of a share which is not fully paid up, by or on behalf of
the transferee. The transferor is deemed to remain the holder until the transferees name is
entered in the register of shareholders.
We may, in our absolute discretion and without giving any reason, refuse to register any transfer
of a share or renunciation of a renounceable letter of allotment unless:
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it is in respect of a share which is fully paid-up; |
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it is in respect of only one class of shares; |
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it is in favor of a single transferee or not more than four joint transferees; |
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it is duly stamped, if so required; and |
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it is delivered for registration to our registered office for the time
being or another place that we may from time to time determine accompanied
by the certificate for the shares to which it
relates and any other evidence as we may reasonably require to prove the right
of the transferor or person renouncing to make the transfer or renunciation. |
Share Register
We maintain our register of members in Jersey. It is open to inspection during business hours by
shareholders without charge and by other persons upon payment of a fee not exceeding £5. Any person
may obtain a copy of our register of members upon payment of a fee not exceeding £0.50 per page and
providing a declaration under oath as required by the 1991 Law.
Variation of Rights
If at any time our share capital is divided into different classes of shares, the special rights
attached to any class, unless otherwise provided by the terms of issue of the shares of that class,
may be varied or abrogated with the consent in writing of the holders of the majority of the issued
shares of that class, or with the sanction of an ordinary resolution passed at a separate meeting
of the holders of shares of that class, but not otherwise. To every such separate meeting all the
provisions of our Articles of Association and of the 1991 Law relating to general meetings or to
the proceedings thereat shall apply, mutatis mutandis, except that the necessary quorum shall be
two persons holding or representing at least one-third in nominal amount of the issued shares of
that class but so that if at any adjourned meeting of such holders a quorum as above defined is not
present, those holders who are present in person shall be a quorum.
The special rights conferred upon the holders of any class of shares issued with preferred or
other
special rights shall be deemed to be varied by the reduction of the capital paid up on such shares
and by the creation of further shares ranking in priority thereto, but shall not (unless otherwise
expressly provided by our Articles of Association or by the conditions of issue of such shares) be
deemed to be varied by the creation or issue of further shares ranking after or pari passu
therewith. The rights conferred on holders of ordinary shares shall be deemed not to be varied by
the creation, issue or redemption of any preferred or preference shares.
Capital Calls
We may, subject to the provisions of our Articles of Association and to any conditions of
allotment, from time to time make calls upon the members in respect of any monies unpaid on their
shares (whether on account of the nominal value of the shares or by way of premium) provided that
(except as otherwise fixed by the conditions of application or allotment) no call on any share
shall be payable within 14 days of the date appointed for payment of the last preceding call, and
each member shall (subject to being given at least 14 clear days notice specifying the time or
times and place of payment) pay us at the time or times and place so specified the amount called on
his shares.
If a member fails to pay any call or installment of a call on or before the day appointed for
payment thereof, we may serve a notice on him requiring payment of so much of the call or
installment as is unpaid, together with any interest (at a rate not exceeding 10% per annum to be
determined by us) which may have accrued and any expenses which may have been incurred by us by
reason of such non-payment. The notice shall name a further day (not earlier than fourteen
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days
from the date of service thereof) on or before which and the place where the payment required by
the notice is to be made, and shall state that in the event of non-payment at or before the time
and at the place appointed, the shares on which the call was made will be liable to be forfeited.
Borrowing Powers
Our Articles of Association contain no restrictions on our power to borrow money or to mortgage
or
charge all or any part of our undertaking, property and assets.
Issue of Shares and Preemptive Rights
Subject to the provisions of the 1991 Law and to any special rights attached to any shares, we
may
allot or issue shares with those preferred, deferred or other special rights or restrictions
regarding dividends, voting, return of capital or other matters as our directors from time to time
determine. We may issue shares that are redeemable or are liable to be redeemed at our option or
the option of the holder in accordance with our Articles of Association. Subject to the provisions
of the 1991 Law, the unissued shares at the date of adoption of our Articles of Association and
shares created thereafter shall be at the disposal of our directors. We cannot issue shares at a
discount to par value. Securities, contracts, warrants or other instruments evidencing any
preferred shares, option rights, securities having conversion or option rights or obligations may
also be issued by the directors without the approval of the shareholders or entered into by us upon
a resolution of the directors to that effect on such terms, conditions and other provisions as are
fixed by the
directors, including, without limitation, conditions that preclude or limit any person owning or
offering to acquire a specified number or percentage of shares in us in issue, other shares, option
rights, securities having conversion or option rights or obligations of us or the transferee of
such person from exercising, converting, transferring or receiving the shares,